40 Matthew - 2011

Skip Heitzig

From its opening genealogy through its careful record of Old Testament prophecies fulfilled, Matthew's gospel forms a bridge between the Old Testament and the New Testament. In this in-depth study by Pastor Skip Heitzig we'll consider Jesus' ancestry, birth, public ministry, death, and resurrection, and we'll gain a clearer understanding of Jesus as both Messiah and King.


 

Table of Contents

# SCRIPTURE: MESSAGE:
1 Matthew 1:1-18 Matthew 1:1-18
2 Matthew 1:18-2:23 Matthew 1:18-2:23
3 Matthew 3 Matthew 3
4 Matthew 4:1-17 Matthew 4:1-17
5 Matthew 4:18-5:4 Matthew 4:18-5:4
6 Matthew 5:5-16 Matthew 5:5-16
7 Matthew 5:17-32 Matthew 5:17-32
8 Matthew 5:33-6:8 Matthew 5:33-6:8
9 Matthew 6:9-34 Matthew 6:9-34
10 Matthew 7 Matthew 7
11 Matthew 8:1-26 Matthew 8:1-26
12 Matthew 8:23-9:9 Matthew 8:23-9:9
13 Matthew 9:10-31 Matthew 9:10-31
14 Matthew 9:32-10:31 Matthew 9:32-10:31
15 Matthew 10:32-11:19 Matthew 10:32-11:19
16 Matthew 11:16-30 Matthew 11:16-30
17 Matthew 12:1-21 Matthew 12:1-21
18 Matthew 12:22-42 Matthew 12:22-42
19 Matthew 12:43-13:17 Matthew 12:43-13:17
20 Matthew 13:18-52 Matthew 13:18-52
21 Matthew 13:53-14:36 Matthew 13:53-14:36
22 Matthew 15 Matthew 15
23 Matthew 16:1-20 Matthew 16:1-20
24 Matthew 16:21-17:27 Matthew 16:21-17:27
25 Matthew 18 Matthew 18
26 Matthew 19 Matthew 19
27 Matthew 20 Matthew 20
28 Matthew 21:1-32 Matthew 21:1-32
29 Matthew 21:33-22:22 Matthew 21:33-22:22
30 Matthew 22:23-23:39 Matthew 22:23-23:39
31 Matthew 24:1-30 Matthew 24:1-30
32 Matthew 24:31-25:46 Matthew 24:31-25:46
33 Matthew 26:1-30 Matthew 26:1-30
34 Matthew 26:31-75 Matthew 26:31-75
35 Matthew 27:1-50 Matthew 27:1-50
36 Matthew 27:50-66 Matthew 27:50-66
37 Matthew 28 Matthew 28

 


 

SERIES: 40 Matthew - 2011
MESSAGE: Matthew 1:1-18
SPEAKER: Skip Heitzig
SCRIPTURE: Matthew 1:1-18
URL: http://SkipHeitzig.com/959

MESSAGE SUMMARY
As we turn our attention to the New Testament, Pastor Skip explains what transpired during the 400 years of silence since the Old Testament. Our firm grasp of the political setting, language, and Matthew's purpose and perspective establishes a solid foundation for understanding his gospel. In Matthew 1, we see Jesus revealed as the royal Heir to the throne of David—the Messiah, Immanuel: God with us.

STUDY GUIDE
Matthew 1

PRAY: Father, please teach me through the miracles you performed in Matthew 1 as you brought forth Jesus my Savior to this earth. In Jesus’ name, amen.
Journal your prayer here:


PREVIEW: In Matthew 1 we learn of Jesus as the racial and royal Heir to the throne of David as Matthew paints a picture of Jesus as the Messiah, who is Immanuel, God with us.

Matthew 1 Outline:
Genealogy of Christ – Read Matthew 1:1-17
Birth of Christ - Read Matthew 1:18-25

Introduction to Matthew

Matthew's gospel was written in Greek; his reader's were Greek speaking and seemed to have been Jews. His primary purpose in writing is to prove that Jesus is the Christ (The Messiah). He refers to more Old Testament quotes than the writers of the other gospels to drive home his point that Jesus is the fulfillment of the Old Testament predictions of the Messiah.
Matthew's name means, "Gift of the Lord." Who was Matthew? What was his job and what other name was he known by? See Matthew 9:9, Mark 2:14, Luke 5:27-28.





Genealogy of Christ – Read Matthew 1:1-17
The book of Matthew begins with a genealogy of Jesus (v.1). He begins by stating that Jesus is the Heir to the throne of Israel both racially, by being a son of Abraham and royally by being a son of David the king. What term is Jesus referred to by Paul the Apostle in Romans 1:3 and Galatians 3:16?



When God established the Davidic covenant (2 Samuel 7:1-17), He promised David a son whose kingdom God would establish forever (2 Samuel 7:13). Therefore the phrase in Matthew 1:1, "the Son of David," is a title of the Messiah and proof of His royal right to the throne. This would have been important proof to Matthew's Jewish readers. See also Luke 1:32-33, John 7:42, Acts 2:30, Romans 1:3. In Revelation 5:5 and 22:16 what term did Jesus use to refer to Himself in regards to King David?



PRODUCE: Explain why it was so important for Matthew to clearly spell out the genealogy of Jesus as the Son of David and Son of Abraham.



Women were not typically included in genealogical lists. Matthew included four Old Testament women in the genealogy of Jesus. Name them and recount who they were.



PROCEED: Share with the group why you think Matthew included four women in the genealogy of Jesus.


The term, "begot" means, "to procreate as the father, to sire." It is used all down the genealogical line until Joseph. Joseph is referred to as, "the husband of Mary," (v.16). Why?




Birth of Christ - Read Matthew 1:18-25
Mary was betrothed to Joseph (v. 18). The term betrothed means, "promised to be married." The only way out of a betrothal was divorce (Deuteronomy 24:1). A betrothed woman is called a wife, Matthew uses the terms husband and wife when referring to Joseph and Mary even before they were married. When was Mary found with child (v. 18).


To read a detailed account of Mary's experience, read Luke 1:26-56.

Joseph is described as an upright, righteous or "just" man (v. 19), not wanting to make a public example of Mary because she was pregnant and they had not been married yet. What did "public example" refer to? See Deuteronomy 22:23-24, 24:1; John 8:4-5.



PRACTICE: The angel asked Joseph to do something that was difficult and likely had lifelong effects for him and his family. How was Joseph described in Matthew 1 and why is it important for us to have the same character trait?



Although Joseph is referred to as Mary's husband, they have not been married yet and thus not consummated their marriage. How was it that Mary was with child (v. 18, 20)? See also Luke 1:35, 2:4-5.




An angel appears to Joseph in a dream (v. 20). What does the angel tell him not to be afraid of? Why would he have been afraid of this?
PROCLAIM: Share with the group what was going on in Joseph's mind when the angel of the Lord appeared to him in a dream.




The angel also promised Joseph that Mary would have a Son. What was the name Joseph was to call him and why (v. 21)? What does that name mean?



Isaiah 7:14 is quoted (v. 23) as being fulfilled through Mary and Joseph. Although the verse says "...they shall call His name Immanuel," Jesus is never called Immanuel in scripture. Jesus was His human name, Christ was His official title, Immanuel was a name that described His earthly ministry. What does the name Immanuel mean (v. 23)?


PROTECT: Meditate upon the meaning of the name given to Jesus in the Isaiah 7:14 prophecy mentioned in Matthew 1:23. How is it true in your life?



PROMOTE: Share with the group what names or titles are given for Jesus in Matthew 1. What do they mean to you personally?


Some falsely teach that Mary was a virgin all her life. How does verse 25 clearly refute that teaching? See also Mark 6:3.

PROCESS: What did you learn about Jesus as the Son of David and Abraham, the Seed, Root and Offspring of David, Savior and Immanuel.


PRAY: Father, thank you for sending Jesus, born of a virgin, to be my Savior and Lord!
Journal your prayer here:


PROPOUND: What is the significance of the titles, "Son of David," and "Son of Abraham," found in Matthew 1:1?


PROPOUND: What was the profession of the first two women mentioned in the genealogy of Jesus in Matthew 1?


PROPOUND: What is pronounced upon Jeconiah (Mt. 1:11) in Jer 22:28-30? What miracle in Matthew 1 is required because of this?

PROPOUND: In Matthew 1:16, by what title was Jesus to be called? What is the meaning of that title?

PROPOUND: Joseph and Mary weren't married when she was found with child, why then were they referred to as husband and wife?

PROPOUND: What was Joseph doing when the angel appeared to him?

PROPOUND: What name is Joseph instructed to give to Mary's firstborn Son, what does the name mean?

DETAILED NOTES

  1. Introduction
    1. Old Testament/New Testament
      1. Old Testament
        1. 39 books (Genesis - Malachi)
        2. Written over 1000 plus years
        3. Anticipates, looks forward to, predicts the New Testament
      2. New Testament
        1. Covers the events of a single lifetime
        2. Promises explained and fulfilled
      3. The New is in the Old contained; the Old is in the New explained.
      4. 16 times in Matthew: "…that it might be fulfilled what was spoken of by the prophets"
      5. 400 years between the Old Testament and the New Testament
        1. 400 silent years
          1. God didn't say anything
          2. No divine revelation
        2. Pause anticipates the forerunner: John the Baptist
    2. What happened during those 400 years?
      1. New authority
        1. Old Testament: Medo-Persia
        2. New Testament: Rome
      2. New language
        1. Old Testament: Aramaic
        2. New Testament: Greek
      3. How changes were established
        1. Daniels interpretation of Nebuchadnezzar's dream (succession of world kingdoms)
          1. Head of gold: Babylon
          2. Chest and arms of silver: Medo-Persia
          3. Stomach and thighs of bronze: Rome
          4. Feet of iron and clay
        2. Medo-Persia allowed Jews to return from their captivity
        3. Philip of Macedon united Greece and Macedonia
          1. Rival empire of Medo-Persia
          2. Philip was assassinated (probably by the Medo-Persians)
          3. Father of Alexander the Great
        4. Alexander the Great
          1. Tutored by Aristotle
          2. Philip assassinated; wanted vengeance
          3. Spread Greek culture around the world (beginning with Medo-Persia)
          4. Within 10 years, controlled the entire known world
          5. At 29 became bored (no more to conquer)
          6. Died in Babylon of drunken stupor
          7. His kingdom to go "to the strong"
        5. Alexander's kingdom divided among his four strong generals
          1. Cassander: Macedonia and Greece
          2. Lysimachus: Asia Minor and Thrace
          3. Ptolemy: Egypt
          4. Seleucus: Asia (including Syria)
        6. Rivals in the split kingdom
          1. Seleucid kings of the North (Syrian kings)
          2. Ptolemaic kings of the South (Egyptian kings)
          3. Israel in the center geographically (caught in crossfire)
        7. Antiochus IV
          1. Theos Antiocus, Theos Epiphanes: "I am God manifest in human flesh"
          2. Coins minted inscribed "Victorious illustrious one god who came down to the earth"
          3. Hated the Jews: subject of his attacks
            1. Marched on them several times
            2. Stopped sacrifices in the Temple
            3. Abomination of desolation (referred to by Jews), commanded a pig be killed on the Altar of Sacrifice in the outer court of the Temple
            4. Loved and worshiped Zeus
            5. Commanded their Temple be desecrated
            6. All holy vessels were seized
            7. Circumcision stopped
            8. Commanded all to worship Zeus
        8. Maccabean revolt
          1. 165 BC , south of Jerusalem in Modin
          2. Hasmonean priests under Mattathias
          3. Refused to worship Zeus
          4. Continued under Judas Maccabeus (Mattathias' son)
          5. Pushed Syrians out of Jerusalem
          6. Rid the Temple of false worship
          7. Oil for one day miraculously lasted eight: Hannucha
        9. 63 BC, Pompeii takes over: Roman Rule
          1. Jews again under foreign occupation
          2. Greek spoken
            1. Exact and complete language
            2. Tenses and cases allow for communication in an exact way
            3. Lingua Franca-all spoke Greek; trade language
            4. 285 BC: Septuagint version of the Law
              1. Translated by 72 Hebrew scholars in Alexandria
              2. The version most often quoted
          3. Temple
            1. Herod guild a grand temple in Jerusalem
            2. Synagogues established (necessity for Jews in captivity to meet to go over the Law)
              1. בית כנסת, Beit K'nesset: house of assembly
              2. Gathered to read and make comments and application
    3. Gospels
      1. From Anglo-Saxon word "godspell" means "good news"
        1. εὐαγγέλιον; euangelion-gospel
        2. Primarily the good news about Jesus Christ
      2. Four gospels provide four different angles
      3. Fourfold picture of Christ
        1. Matthew: Jesus as Sovereign
        2. Mark: Jesus as Servant
        3. Luke: Son of Man
        4. John: Son of God
      4. Audience
        1. Matthew: Jews
          1. Jesus the prophesied King
          2. "Fulfilled"
        2. Mark: Romans
          1. Jesus the perfect Servant
          2. "Immediately"
        3. Luke: Greeks
          1. Jesus the perfect Man
          2. "Son of Man"
        4. John: the whole world in mind
          1. "For God so loved the world" (John 3:16)
          2. "Believe"
      5. Emphasis
        1. Matthew: what Jesus said
        2. Mark: what Jesus did
        3. Luke: what Jesus felt
        4. John: who Jesus was
    4. Matthew
      1. Levi the tax collector
        1. Worked for "the enemy"
        2. Scum of the earth (like a prostitute)
        3. "Tax collectors and sinners"
        4. Tax Farming
          1. Senators and wealthy purchased the right to collect taxes
          2. Whatever they collected above what Rome required, they could keep
        5. Ostracized: out of the Temple and synagogues
      2. Jesus called him, "Follow Me" (Matthew 9:9)
        1. No one, especially a rabbi, spoke to him
        2. Jesus invited and paid attention to those no one gave regard to
      3. Jewish (probably of the tribe of Levi)
  2. Matthew 1
    1. Book of Genealogy: Βίβλος γενέσεως: book of genesis or origin
    2. Lineage paramount to the Jews
      1. For the sale of Land
        1. Land must stay within the tribe
        2. גָּאַל; gaal; redeem  goel: kinsman redeemer
      2. Priesthood
        1. Prove unbroken genealogy back to Aaron
        2. Wives of priests prove genealogy 5 generations back
        3. Ezra disbarred some from serving, because their genealogies were not found
      3. Messiah
        1. Where from
        2. Tribe
        3. Prophecies to be fulfilled
    3. Son of David
      1. Anticipated Messiah
      2. "Could this be the Son of David?" (Matthew 12:23)
      3. "Son of David, have mercy on us!" (Matthew 9:27)
      4. "I am the Root and the Offspring of David," (Revelation 22:16)
    4. Format of the Genealogy
      1. 42 generations
      2. 3 sections of 14 generations (mnemonically for ease of memorization)
        1. Patriarchy of Abraham - Monarchy of David
        2. The Monarchy of David - Captivity of Israel
        3. Captivity of Israel - Nativity of Messiah
    5. Appeals
      1. To History
        1. Not subjective
        2. Has context
        3. Not mythological
        4. Jesus is the focal point of history
      2. To Prophecy
        1. Matthew emphasizes how Jesus fulfilled the Old Testament prophecies
        2. Jesus uniquely fulfills 330 Old Testament prophecies
          1. To Abraham: "And in you all the families of the earth shall be blessed." (Genesis 12:3)
          2. To David: "And your house and your kingdom shall be established forever before you. Your throne shall be established forever." (2 Samuel 7:16)
          3. "For unto us a Child is born, unto us a Son is given; and the government will be upon His shoulder. And His name will be called Wonderful, Counselor, Mighty God, Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace. Of the increase of His government and peace there will be no end, upon the throne of David and over His kingdom, To order it and establish it with judgment and justice From that time forward, even forever." (Isaiah 9:6-7)
          4. Odds of Jesus Christ fulfilling the predictions made (according to Science Speaks, by Peter Stoner)
            1. 8 prophecies: 1 in 1017
            2. 16 prophecies: 1 in 1045
            3. 48 prophecies: 1 in 10157
    6. Highlighted figures
      1. Abraham
        1. Man of faith
        2. Unbelief: twice lied about his wife being his sister
      2. David
        1. Greatest king
        2. Man after God's own heart
        3. Adulterer
        4. Murderer
        5. Cover-up artist
      3. Jacob - cheat
      4. Judah - womanizer
    7. Women in the genealogy (not normally mentioned, considered property)
      1. Tamar
        1. Dressed up as prostitute
        2. Twins born of incest
      2. Rahab
        1. Hid spies in Jericho
        2. "Rahab the harlot"
        3. Converted
      3. Ruth
        1. Moabitess
          1. Moab: race result of incest between Lot and his daughters
          2. "An Ammonite or Moabite shall not enter the assembly of the Lord; even to the tenth generation none of his descendants shall enter the assembly of the Lord forever" (Deuteronomy 23:3)
        2. Converted
        3. "For wherever you go, I will go; and wherever you lodge, I will lodge; your people shall be my people, and your God, my God."  (Ruth 1:16)
      4. Bathsheba (her who had been the wife of Uriah)
        1. On rooftop bathing, caught David's eye
        2. Adultery
        3. Husband killed
        4. Second son was Solomon (third king of Israel)
    8. Hall of Shame: Jesus Friend of Sinners
    9. The birth of Jesus Christ
      1. Christ
        1. Title
        2. Χριστός; Christos-anointed, the Messiah, the Christ
        3. מָשִׁ֣יחַ; ma·shi·ach- Messiah
          1. To rub or to smear
          2. They would pour and run olive oil on a person anointing them
      2. Virgin birth
        1. Sexual purity was considered the highest gift
        2. Impurity could result in being stoned to death
          1. Engagement began at birth
          2. Pre-arranged marriage (too important to leave to the dictates of one's own heart)
          3. Betrothal: legal contract; no sexual relations whatsoever.
          4. Bound; only way out of betrothal was divorce
        3. Joseph thought another must be the father of Mary's baby
          1. Heartbroken
          2. Loves Mary
          3. Decides to divorce her privately to avoid public shame, scorn, and possibly stoning
        4. Angel visited and said, "Don't be afraid"
        5. Parthenogenesis: virgin birth
        6. Without virgin birth mankind would be doomed forever

 

Hebrew terms: בית כנסת, Beit K'nesset: house of assembly; גָּאַל; gaal; redeem  goel: kinsman redeemer; מָשִׁ֣יחַ; ma·shi·ach- Messiah

Greek terms: εὐαγγέλιον; euangelion-gospel; Βίβλος γενέσεως: book of genesis or origin; Χριστός; Christos-anointed, the Messiah, the Christ

Publications Referenced: Science Speaks, by Peter Stoner

Cross References: Genesis 12:3; Deuteronomy 23:3; 2 Samuel 7:16; Ruth 1:16; Isaiah 9:6-7; Matthew 9:9; Matthew 9:27; Matthew 12:23; John 3:16; Revelation 22:16

Topic: Genealogy of Jesus

Keywords: genealogy, ancestors, 400 silent years, time between the testaments

 


 

SERIES: 40 Matthew - 2011
MESSAGE: Matthew 1:18-2:23
SPEAKER: Skip Heitzig
SCRIPTURE: Matthew 1:18-2:23
URL: http://SkipHeitzig.com/961

MESSAGE SUMMARY
Every year people around the world recognize the birth of a poor Jewish child born in an insignificant city. The birth of Jesus Christ, as recorded in the Scriptures, beckons us to worship and obey the King of the Jews. Let's examine Matthew's account of the miraculous circumstances of the nativity and the prophecies it fulfilled.

STUDY GUIDE
Matthew 2

PRAY: Father, as I observe Joseph’s response to his dreams in Matthew 2, please teach me the importance of obedience.
Journal your prayer here:




PREVIEW: In Matthew 2, we see the wise men worship Him who had been born King of the Jews, Herod’s anger caused the death of male children, and Joseph’s obedience kept the Child safe—and fulfilled several prophecies.

Matthew 2 Outline:
Visit of Wise Men - Read Matthew 2:1-12
Flight into Egypt - Read Matthew 2: 13-15
Herod Kills the Children - Read Matthew 2:16-18
Jesus Returns to Nazareth - Read Matthew 2:19-23

Visit of Wise Men - Read Matthew 2:1-12

1. After Jesus was born, wise men paid a visit to Him. Where did the men come from, and what drew them to Bethlehem (v. 2)?



PROPOUND: In Matthew 2:1, the word after is used. How long after Jesus’ birth might the wise men have appeared? (See Matthew 2:16.)



2. Who did the wise men say they were looking for (v. 2)?




PROPOUND: The wise men were looking for the “King of the Jews.” Where else is this title of Jesus used? (See Matthew 27:29, 37.)



3. What was the purpose of the wise men's visit (v. 2)?




PRODUCE: Look carefully at the actions of the wise men once they found the Child. How is this response something that should be part of our personal time with Christ? (See also Revelation 4:10.)




4. When King Herod heard that the men had come to worship, he was troubled. Who else was troubled and why do you think this was so (v. 3)?


5. What did Herod do upon hearing about the wise men’s appearance (v. 4)?




6. Herod connects the One "born King of the Jews" (v. 2) with "the Christ" (v. 4). What did he discover from the chief priests and scribes?




7. What did Herod say he wanted the wise men to do when they found the Child (v. 8)? What do you think his real intentions were (v. 13)?



PROPOUND: The priests and scribes were likely aware of the wise men’s arrival and mission, yet they didn’t go to worship Jesus. Why?



PROPOUND: What navigation system did the wise men use to find the Child?

8. How did the wise men determine the precise location of the Child in Bethlehem (v. 9)?



PROPOUND: Why did Herod want to determine from the wise men how long ago the star appeared? (See Matthew 2:7.)


PROCEED: Contrast the locations and the words used to describe Jesus during the shepherds’ visit (Luke 2:16) with those of the wise men (Matthew 2:11). Share your findings with the group.





9. What did the wise men do when they saw the Child (v. 11)? Why should our response to Christ be the same as theirs?


10. What did the wise men present to the Child (v. 11)? (See also Psalm 72:10 and Isaiah 60:6.)


PROPOUND: What gifts did the wise men present to the Child? What did the gifts represent?

11. How were the wise men warned? What were they warned of (v. 12)?


Flight into Egypt - Read Matthew 2:13-15

12. An angel appeared to Joseph in a dream (v. 13) for a second time (see also Matthew 1:20). What did the angel instruct him to do, and why?


13. What time of the day did Joseph depart for Egypt (v. 14)? What was significant about this?




14. What might have happened if Joseph had delayed his obedience? Why is it important to quickly obey God?




PRACTICE: Very little is known about Joseph; what can we learn from his response to the four dreams? How is this something we can practice in our own lives?



15. How long did Joseph, Mary, and the Child remain in Egypt (v. 15)?




Herod Kills the Children - Read Matthew 2:16-18

16. What words describe Herod's emotions when he realized the wise men did not do as he instructed (v. 16)?


17. What did Herod do in response to the situation (v. 16)?



PROCLAIM: God knew what Herod's intentions were all along—that's why He warned Joseph. Share with the group why it is important to obey God, even when it seems illogical or unreasonable.



Jesus Returns to Nazareth - Read Matthew 2:19-23

18. Joseph was spoken to by an angel a third time (v. 19-21). What was he instructed to do? What did he do?



PROTECT: Joseph obeyed what was communicated to him in his dreams. Think about how God communicates to you. Do you obey when He speaks to you?



19. Where in Israel did Joseph, Mary, and the Child end up? Why (v. 23)?



PROMOTE: Share with the group why you think Matthew specifically mentions the fulfillments of four different prophecies in chapter 2.



PROPOUND: Matthew 2:23 speaks of a fulfilled prophecy. What specific prophecy does this refer to?



PRAY: Father, thank You for the examples set by the wise men and Joseph in Matthew 2. Please help me to do as they did.
Journal your prayer here:

DETAILED NOTES

  1. Introduction
    1. Genealogy of Jesus
      1. 3 groups of 14 generations
      2. Trace lineage back to Abraham
    2. The nativity
      1. Still acknowledged (even celebrated)
      2. Poor Jewish family
      3. Insignificant city
      4. People from all over the world interested in His birth
    3. 42 generations of natural birth  followed by the singular supernatural virgin birth
    4. In a Barna survey, 88% of Americans claim to be Christian; of those 37% believe Jesus' birth is the most important part of Christmas
  2. Virgin Birth
    1.  Therefore the Lord Himself will give you a sign: Behold, the virgin shall conceive and bear a Son, and shall call His name Immanuel" (Isaiah 7:14).
    2. Parthenogenesis in the scientific world
      1. Honeybees: unfertilized eggs develop into drones
      2. Sea urchins, marine worms
      3. 1940 rabbit developed with chemical and temperature influences on the ova
      4. Never in the human realm
    3. Jesus and Mary scorned
      1. "They said to Him, 'We were not born of fornication; we have one Father --God.'" (John 8:41)
      2. Some believed Mary had relations with an unnamed Roman soldier
      3. Illicit birth
    4. Joseph
      1. Not the physical father of Jesus
      2. Didn't know at first who the father was
      3. Wouldn't lower his standards; desired to divorce her secretly
      4. Adopted father
      5. Legal father
    5. Two genealogies of Jesus
      1. Matthew
        1. Descending genealogy
        2. Provides legal authority for Jesus to be at the throne of David
      2. Luke
        1. Ascending genealogy
        2. Provides the pure bloodline
      3. The virgin birth is essential
        1. Jeconiah's bloodline cursed
          1. King of Judah; threat to line of David
          2. "As I live," says the Lord, "though Coniah the son of Jehoiakim, king of Judah, were the signet on My right hand, yet I would pluck you off; and I will give you into the hand of those who seek your life, and into the hand of those whose face you fear--the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon and the hand of the Chaldeans. So I will cast you out, and your mother who bore you, into another country where you were not born; and there you shall die. But to the land to which they desire to return, there they shall not return. "Is this man Coniah a despised, broken idol-- A vessel in which is no pleasure? Why are they cast out, he and his descendants, And cast into a land which they do not know?  O earth, earth, earth, Hear the word of the Lord! Thus says the Lord: 'Write this man down as childless, A man who shall not prosper in his days; For none of his descendants shall prosper, Sitting on the throne of David, And ruling anymore in Judah.' " (Jeremiah 22:24-30)
        2. "David shall never lack a man to sit on the throne of the house of Israel" (Jeremiah 33:17).
  3. Name of Jesus
    1. Jesus
      1. Anglicized version of Greek: ἰησοῦν
      2. Hebrew : ישוע; Yeshua (or Joshua, Jehoshua) - Yahweh is salvation
    2. Immanuel
      1. God with us
      2. Title, description; not a personal name
    3. Isaiah's prophecy (See Isaiah 7:14)
      1. 600 years before the birth of Jesus
      2. King Ahaz (wicked scoundrel)
        1. Brought idolatry back to Judah
        2. Sacrificed son by burning him at the altar of Molech
        3. Conflict with Kings of the north (Syria: Rezin; Pekah: Israel)
          1. Ahaz made alliance with Tiglath-pileser
          2. Isaiah rebuked Ahaz for not trusting the Lord
          3. Isaiah promised Ahaz that God would protect Judah and the royal seed
          4. Ahaz wants nothing to do with Isaiah
          5. Isaiah tells Ahaz to ask for a sign: Ahaz declines; receives sign anyway: "Therefore the Lord Himself will give you a sign: Behold, a virgin will be with child and bear a son, and she will call His name Immanuel" (Isaiah 7:14).
            1. You : plural the entire nation
            2. God will protect His interest in the lineage of King David
    4. Another sign given
      1. Around same time
      2. Prophecy of Isaiah's son Maher-ahlal-has-baz (See Isaiah 8:1-8)
      3. Befor the child was 3, Rezin and Pekah were dead
  4. Virgin Birth
    1. ha·'al·mah- a virgin
      1. Liberal scholars point out it could be translated "young woman"
      2. How would that be a sign?
      3. Translators of the Septuagint used the word παρθένος; parthenos - only means virgin; translated before Jesus' birth
    2. "I believe in God, the Father almighty, Creator of heaven and earth, and in Jesus Christ, his only Son, our Lord, who was conceived by the Holy Spirit, born of the Virgin Mary,"--Apostle's Creed
    3. "And I will put enmity Between you and the woman, And between your seed and her Seed; He shall bruise your head, And you shall bruise His heel" (Genesis 3:15)
      1. Women don't have seed; seed is from man
      2. Mary the only person who birthed a Child without seed from a man
      3. Jesus existed in eternity past, was born, died, and raised to life
    4. Mary didn't stay a virgin
      1. Perpetual virginity of Mary
        1. Not biblical
        2. Established in Catholicism by Pope Martin in 649 AD
      2. Mary had other offspring: "Is this not the carpenter's son? Is not His mother called Mary? And His brothers James, Joses, Simon, and Judas? And His sisters are they not all with us? Where then did this Man get all these things?" (Matthew 13:55-56)
  5. The wise men and the unwise king
    1. Legend
      1. 3 men because there were 3 gifts
      2. Christmas carol: "We three kings of Orient are
        Bearing gifts we traverse afar
        Field and fountain, moor and mountain
        Following yonder star"
      3. Caspar, Melchior, and Balthazar
    2. Μάγοι; Magoi; - Magi
      1. Magi, magician, magistrate
      2. From Mesopotamia, Babylon, Medo-Persia
      3. Priestly caste of Medes
      4. According to Herdotus: specialized in reading the dreams of people
      5. Daniel
        1. Interpreter of dreams
        2. Chief of the Magi
        3. Probably influenced them in telling them about the coming Messiah
        4. Intricate prophecies
        5. Prepared them to receive a future king of Israel
      6. Semitic people
        1. Related to Shem
        2. Monotheistic
      7. "I see Him, but not now; I behold Him, but not near; A Star shall come out of Jacob; a Scepter shall rise out of Israel, and batter the brow of Moab, and destroy all the sons of tumult" (Numbers 24:17).
    3. Herod
      1. Not Jewish
      2. Jews hated him, but he tried to incur their favor
      3. Idumean (Edomite)
      4. Son of Antipar, who did a favor for Julius Caesar and given rule of Judea
      5. King of the Jews
        1. Herod loved the title
        2. Willing to kill anyone who threatened his position
          1. Killed Hasmonean wife: Miriamne
          2. Killed two sons
          3. Killed his brother in law
          4. From deathbed ordered the prominent citizens arrested and killed when he died, to ensure weeping upon his death
          5. "Safer to be Herod's pig than to be his son."
      6. What the magi said was considered law of the Medes and Persians
        1. Laid down the law
        2. Identified kings
        3. Approved authority
      7. The long journey to identify the King of the Jews caused Herod to panic
  6. Bethlehem
    1. Where Jacob buried Rachel
    2. Where Ruth met and married Boaz
    3. City of David
    4. בֵּית ; Bethlehem-house of bread
      1. Breadbasket of Israel
      2. Where wheat was grown
      3. Appropriate that the Bread of Life was born there
  7. Priests
    1. Asked a biblical question and gave an immediate response: "But you, Bethlehem Ephrathah, though you are little among the thousands of Judah, yet out of you shall come forth to Me the One to be Ruler in Israel, whose goings forth are from of old, from everlasting." (Micah 5:2).
    2. They did nothing
      1. 5 mile walk to Bethlehem
      2. Magi made an arduous trip; spent money and energy
    3. Knowing God's Word is not enough
      1. "But be doers of the word, and not hearers only, deceiving yourselves" (James 1:22).
      2. "Grow in the grace and knowledge of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ." (2 Peter 3:18)
      3. "Too many have been inoculated with a mild case of Christianity, so as to be immune to the real thing"
      4. Application: Are you hungry for Him? Not just knowledge about him, but Him personally.
  8.  Star
    1. Theories
      1. Jupiter
      2. Alignment of planets
      3. Meteorite
      4. Inner vision (not real)
    2. Likely the Glory of God
      1. "The glory of the Lord shone around them" (Luke 2:9)
      2. Pillar of fire in the desert
      3. Shekinah
    3. Stopped over where the Child was
      1. In a house
      2. Jesus probably 6 months old
      3. Circumcised
      4. Mary's purification over
  9. Worship
    1. Gentiles were the first to worship the King of the Jews
      1. Prophetic that the gospel would go into all the world
      2. Didn't worship Mary and Jesus; but Jesus alone
    2. Gifts
      1. Customary to give gifts to a superior
        1. King of the Jews
        2. Immanuel
      2. Gold
        1. Metal of kings
        2. Customary to appear before monarchs with a gift of God
        3. Possibly funded the flight to Egypt
      3. Frankincense
        1. Gum obtained from the resin of certain trees
        2. Used by the priest with the meal offering
        3. Signifies Jesus as the Great High Priest
        4. Gives off a sweet aroma when crushed: "But He was pierced through for our transgressions, He was crushed for our iniquities" (Isaiah 53:5 NAS)
      4. Myrrh
        1. Sap like substance
        2. Used as spice, perfume, and embalming fluid
        3. "And Nicodemus, who at first came to Jesus by night, also came, bringing a mixture of myrrh and aloes, about a hundred pounds" (John 19:39).
        4. Jesus' humanity
        5. Jesus would die for the sins of the world
  10. Flight into Egypt
    1. The young Child and his mother
      1. Word order (normally adult would come first)
      2. Centrality of Christ highlighted
    2. "Out of Egypt I called My son" (Hosea 11:1)
    3. Egypt
      1. 75 miles from Bethlehem
      2. Alexandria 150 miles from Bethlehem
        1. Enclave of Jews protected
        2. 1 million Jews, culture, synagogues
    4. "Thus says the LORD, 'A voice is heard in Ramah, Lamentation and bitter weeping. Rachel  weeping for her children, refusing to be comforted for her children, because they are no more'" (Jeremiah 31:15)
      1. Jewish mothers identified as "Rachel"
      2. Weeping for those killed by the Babylonians
      3. Prefigured what happened when Jesus was born

Hebrew terms: ישוע; Yeshua (or Joshua, Jehoshua) - Yahweh is salvation; ha·'al·mah- a virgin; בֵּית ; Bethlehem-house of bread
Greek terms: ἰησοῦν; Jesus; παρθένος; parthenos-virgin
Publications Referenced: "We Three Kings of Orient Are" by John Henry Hopkins
Figures Referenced: Herdotus; Philo
Cross References: Genesis 3:15; Numbers 24:17; Isaiah 7:14; Isaiah 8:1-8; Isaiah 53:5; Jeremiah 31:15; Hosea 11:1; Micah 5:2; Matthew 13:55-56; Luke 2:9; John 8:41; John 19:39; James 1:22; 2 Peter 3:18

Topic: The Birth of Jesus Christ

Keywords: Christmas, Nativity, Herod, genealogy

 


 

SERIES: 40 Matthew - 2011
MESSAGE: Matthew 3
SPEAKER: Skip Heitzig
SCRIPTURE: Matthew 3
URL: http://SkipHeitzig.com/963

MESSAGE SUMMARY
Jesus called John the Baptist the greatest man among those born of women. John saw himself in the light of who Jesus is: not even worthy to loose His sandal. From the womb, he was filled with the Spirit, continually pointing people to Christ. Let's consider this powerful prophet, his ministry, and the message he preached.

STUDY GUIDE
Matthew 3

“Brood of vipers! Who warned you to flee from the wrath to come?”

– John the Baptist
Matthew 3:7

PREVIEW: In Matthew 3, we’re introduced to John the Baptist, whose stern message of repentance prepared the way of the Lord; He is also given the honor of baptizing Jesus.


PRAY: Father, please help me to understand the urgency of the message of repentance that John the Baptist conveyed, warning everyone of the wrath to come.

Journal your prayer here:




Matthew 3 Outline:
The Person of John the Baptist – Read Matthew 3:1-6
The Preaching of John the Baptist – Read Matthew 3:7-12
Baptism of Jesus – Read Matthew 3:13-17

The Person of John the Baptist – Read Matthew 3:1-6

1. Chapter 3 begins with the words, “In those days.” Approximately how much time had passed since chapter 2? To discover this, read Luke 3:23 and find out how old Jesus was when He was baptized.



2. What age did a priest typically begin his service to God? (See Numbers 4:1-3.)

3. We are introduced to John the Baptist in Matthew 3:1. He was related to Jesus through Mary, and was about six months older than Jesus (see Luke 1:36). What was he doing and where was he doing it (v. 1)?




Additional material: Read John the Baptist’s profile here: http://believe879.com/travelers.asp?traveler=johnb

4. What was John’s message to the people who came to see him (v. 2)? Whose message was identical to John’s? (See Matthew 4:17.)



5. PROPOUND: John’s message is one of repentance. What does it mean to repent?



6. A prophecy from Isaiah 40:3 is used to identify John’s mission. What is that mission (v. 3)?




Optional Study: Read Zacharias’ prophecies of John’s ministry in Luke 1:67-80.

7. PRODUCE: Explain how John the Baptist “prepared the way of the Lord.”





8. Describe John the Baptist’s attire and diet (v. 4). What prophet dressed similarly to John (see 2 Kings 1:8)? Who does Jesus equate with John in Matthew 11:14? (See also Malachi 4:5, Matthew 17:10-13, and Luke 1:17.)



9. Many people came out to see John the Baptist and were baptized by him. What did the apostle Paul say that John clearly communicated when he baptized them (see Acts 19:4; 18)? How did this accomplish John’s mission?




11. PROPOUND: John was out in the wilderness of Judea. Who went to see him? (See Matthew 3:5, 7.)




The Preaching of John the Baptist – Read Matthew 3:7-12

Many of the Pharisees and Sadducees were coming to John’s baptism of repentance. The Pharisees sought to strictly obey the Old Testament, as well as their traditions—which they treated as equal to the Word of God (see Matthew 9:14, 15:1-9, 23:5, 23:16, 23, Mark 7:1-23, and Luke 11:42). The Sadducees tended to be wealthy and held high positions, such as chief priests and high priests. Unlike the Pharisees, they considered only the written Word to be from God. This group denied the resurrection and the existence of a spiritual world (see Matthew 22:23, Mark 12:18-27, and Acts 23:8).



12. John addressed the Pharisees and Sadducees harshly (v. 7). A “brood” is a family of offspring, and a “viper” is a snake: a picture representing Satan (see Genesis 3:1). Jesus addressed the Pharisees very similarly in John 8:44. Who did He say they were in that passage?




13. John referred to “the wrath to come.” Upon whom will this wrath come? (See John 3:36, Romans 1:18, Ephesians 5:6, and Colossians 3:6.) What does the word wrath refer to? (See Revelation 16:1.) How can people be saved from this wrath? (See Romans 5:9 and 1 Thessalonians 1:10.)





14. PROCEED: Share with the group what the “wrath to come” refers to.





15. What did John tell the Pharisees and Sadducees they needed to bear (v. 8)? What do you think these are?





16. The Pharisees and Sadducees thought that by being physical sons of Abraham (v. 9; see also John 8:39-40), they were qualified for the
Messiah's kingdom. How was Abraham justified? (See Romans 4:1-4.) How are we justified? (See Romans 3:28; 5:1, and Galatians 2:16; 24.)




17. PROPOUND: John told the Pharisees to “bear fruit worthy of repentance.” Explain what this means. (See Matthew 3:8.)



18. PROMOTE: The Pharisees and Sadducees thought they were justified by being sons of Abraham. How does a person become justified before God?




19. A tree is often used in the Bible as a type or model of mankind (see Psalm 92:12 and Jeremiah 17:8). What did John say will happen to certain trees (v. 10)?



20. PRACTICE: The tree (man) that doesn’t bear good fruit will be cut down (see Matthew 3:10). How can you ensure that you bear good fruit?



21. PROPOUND: What did John mean when he said, “the ax is laid to the root of the trees”? (See Matthew 3:10.)




22. John baptized with “water unto repentance.” What did John say He who is coming after him is going to baptize with (v. 11)? (See also Acts 1:5, 2:1-4, and 11:16.)




23. The winnowing fan speaks of the coming wrath. What did John say will happen to the wheat and the chaff? (See Malachi 4:1 and Matthew 13:30.)


24. PROPOUND: What was John referring to when he said, “He will burn up the chaff with unquenchable fire”? (See Matthew 3:12.)




25. PROCLAIM: The message of repentance that John preached is the same as Jesus’ message (see Matthew 4:17). Why is this message one that we should share with our unbelieving friends and family members?




26. PROPOUND: Why did John not consider himself worthy even to carry the sandals of the One coming after him? (See Matthew 3:11.)



Baptism of Jesus – Read Matthew 3:13-17

27. Jesus came to John to be baptized. John rightly recognized that the sinless Son of God needed no baptism of repentance (v. 11), and that he was certainly not worthy to baptize his own Savior. What reason did Jesus give for permitting John to baptize Him (v. 15)? (See also 2 Corinthians 5:21.)




28. PROTECT: If the Messiah was to provide righteousness for sinners, He had to be identified with sinners (baptized). How did Jesus fulfill this? (See 2 Corinthians 5:21.)



29. All three persons of the Trinity were present at the baptism of Jesus. How are each represented (v. 16-17)?


30. PROPOUND: What do you think the phrase “like a dove” means in Matthew 3:16?




PROCESS: Take some time to review the message of repentance preached by John and Jesus.

Think about the urgency of this message.

PRAY: Father, thank You for John the Baptist’s bold example. Please help me to be bold in sharing the message of repentance with my unsaved friends.

Journal your prayer here:

DETAILED NOTES

  1. Introduction: John the Baptist
    1. What we may have thought about him
      1. Eccentric
        1. Where he lived
        2. What he preached
        3. What he ate
        4. What he looked like
      2. Unconventional
      3. Odd
      4. Hippie
    2. He was great
      1. "Assuredly, I say to you, among those born of women there has not risen one greater than John the Baptist;" (Matthew 11:11)
      2. Faithful to the end of his short-lived ministry
      3. "What makes men great is their ability to decide what is important and focus their attention on that."
      4. Pointed to Christ: "Behold! The Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world!" (John 1:29)
    3. He was atypical: contra mundum: against the world
  2. The Setting
    1. John the Baptist's Family
      1. Second cousin of Jesus (Mary and Elizabeth were cousins)
      2. His father, Zacharias, was a priest
        1. In line to join the priesthood and serve in the temple
          1. Priestly preparation began at an early age
          2. Started service by 20
          3. Fully engaged in service by 30
        2. He was a priest's kid gone rogue
          1. Didn't follow the protocol
          2. Lived in the desert: rather than going to Jerusalem, Jerusalem comes to him
    2. Birth story
      1. Parents quite old and barren
      2. In the temple, the angel Gabriel visited Zacharias
        1. "The angel said to him, 'Do not be afraid, Zacharias, for your prayer is heard; and your wife Elizabeth will bear you a son, and you shall call his name John.'" (Luke 1:13)
        2. John was filled with the Holy Spirit from the womb
        3. Zacharias doubted: "How shall I know this?" (Luke 1:18)
        4. Because of his doubt, he was struck dumb
      3. Mary discovered she was pregnant and visited Elizabeth: "As soon as the voice of your greeting sounded in my ears, the babe leaped in my womb for joy." (Luke 1:44)
      4. Zacharias named him John
      5. Zacharias blessed him: "And you, child, will be called the prophet of the Highest;" (Luke 1:76)
    3. The last Old Testament prophet
      1. "Behold, I send My messenger, And he will prepare the way before Me." (Malachi 3:1)
      2. "For all the prophets and the law prophesied until John." (Matthew 11:13)
      3. "The voice of one crying in the wilderness: 'Prepare the way of the Lord; Make straight in the desert a highway for our God.'" (Isaiah 40:3)
    4. Wilderness of Judea
      1. By the Dead Sea: barren and hot
      2. Public relations person would say the worst place to start a ministry
        1. But it worked!
        2. That which is theological, isn't always logical
        3. Jesus was born in Bethlehem; raised in Nazareth (a scorned town)
      3. "But God has chosen the foolish things of the world to put to shame the wise, and God has chosen the weak things of the world to put to shame the things which are mighty; and the base things of the world and the things which are despised God has chosen, and the things which are not, to bring to nothing the things that are," (1 Corinthians 1:27-28)
  3. His message: "Repent! For the kingdom of heaven is at hand" (v. 2)
    1. Same first message as Jesus: "Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand." (Matthew 4:17)
    2. Repent: a complete change of heart, mind, and behavior
    3. Repent and believe: two sides of the same coin
      1. Repent: turn away from sin
      2. Believe: turn toward God
    4. Why is repentance so seldom preached today?
      1. Ignorance of personal sin
      2. Uncomfortable message
    5. Beatitudes:
      1. "Blessed are those who mourn, for they shall be comforted." (Matthew 5:4)
      2. "Blessed are the poor in spirit, For theirs is the kingdom of heaven." (Matthew 5:3)
  4. Fulfillment of prophecy
    1. "Prepare the way of the Lord; make His paths straight."
      1. Fulfillment of Isaiah's prophecy: "The voice of one crying in the wilderness: 'Prepare the way of the Lord; Make straight in the desert A highway for our God.'" (Isaiah 40:3)
      2. All four gospels reference the prophecy and John's fulfillment of it.
    2. "Now this is the testimony of John, when the Jews sent priests and Levites from Jerusalem to ask him, 'Who are you?' He confessed, and did not deny, but confessed, 'I am not the Christ.' And they asked him, 'What then? Are you Elijah?' He said, 'I am not.' 'Are you the Prophet?' And he answered, 'No.' Then they said to him, 'Who are you, that we may give an answer to those who sent us? What do you say about yourself?' He said: 'I am "The voice of one crying in the wilderness: 'Make straight the way of the Lord,' as the prophet Isaiah said.'" (John 1:19-23)
      1. John was a voice; Jesus is the Word: "In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God." (John 1:1)
      2. God doesn't need Saviors (He has One), just voices
  5. John's appearance and diet
    1. Clothing: camels hair and leather belt
      1. Camels hair: unclean, couldn't eat it, but could wear it
      2. Practical: keeps out cold, heat, and rain
      3. Clothing of Elijah the Tishbite: (See 2 Kings 1:8)
    2. Diet: locusts and wild honey
      1. Kosher
      2. Preparation
        1. Ground, flour added, baked in cakes
        2. Boiled
        3. Stewed
        4. Sautéed with butter
        5. Preserved by the Assyrians
  6. Baptism
    1. Origin: a Jewish ritual
      1. For proselytes to convert
        1. Instruction by a scribe
        2. Circumcision
        3. Immersion in water
      2. For Jews
        1. In order to worship in the temple
        2. Wash in a mikvah when defiled; המקווה; mikvah: washing pool with moving water
    2. John's baptism
      1. Immersing Jews who needed to repent
      2. For the remission of sin: a lifestyle change
  7. Pharisees and Saducees
    1. A delegation from the Sanhedrin to investigate John
    2. Pharisees
      1. Small group: 6000 at the time of Christ
      2. פרושים ; Perushim: separated ones
      3. Adversarial relationship with Jesus
        1. "Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you are like whitewashed tombs which indeed appear beautiful outwardly, but inside are full of dead men's bones and all uncleanness." (Matthew 23:27)
        2. "But woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! (See Matthew 23)
      4. Enemies of Christ in the gospels
    3. Saducees
      1. Enemies of the early church in Acts
      2. Liberal in their thinking
      3. Unlike Pharisees, they denied the supernatural
      4. Even fewer Sadducees than Pharisees
      5. In charge
        1. High Priest
        2. Wealthy
    4. Shared their hatred of Jesus
    5. John called them a "Brood of Vipers"  (v. 7)
      1. Brood: offspring
      2. Vipers: shrewd and dangerous
    6. John told them God could "Raise up children to Abraham from these stones"
      1. Stones: gentiles
      2. Pharisees and Sadducees looked down on them
  8.  John the Baptist always pointed to Jesus
    1. John was the voice; He is the Word
    2. John was the messenger; He is the Message
    3. "Behold! The Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world!" (John 1:29)
    4. "Whose sandals I am not worthy to carry." (v. 11)
      1. The job of the most menial slave
      2. Wash feet, hold the sandals until asked for
      3. He understood who he was in light of who Jesus is.
  9. A picture of Judgment
    1. Three baptisms
      1. Water: unto repentance
      2. Holy Spirit: Jesus gives to all who believe
      3. Fire: future baptism of unbelievers
    2. Winnowing
      1. Grain separated from inedible parts
        1. Using a fork would be tossed up into the breeze; the chaff would blow away
        2. Chaff gathered and burned
      2. God separates the sinful from the righteous
  10. The Baptism of Jesus
    1. Puzzled John that Jesus came for baptism
      1. For guilty, sinful people
      2. For those who repent of Sin
      3. Jesus is sinless
    2. To fulfill all righteousness
      1. Jesus came to identify with sinners
      2. "For we do not have a High Priest who cannot sympathize with our weaknesses, but was in all points tempted as we are, yet without sin." (Hebrews 4:15)
      3. Prefigured Jesus death, burial, and resurrection
    3. The entire Godhead present
      1. The Father Spoke
        1. "This is My beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased." (v. 17)
        2. Speaks again at the transfiguration (see Matthew 17:5)
      2. The Son was baptized
      3. Spirit descended like a dove
    4. The Trinity: a doctrine of the Bible
      1. All Christians embrace the Trinity
      2. "In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth." (Genesis 1:1) אֱלֹהִלים; Elohim: plural verb representing a singular God
      3. "Then God said, 'Let Us make man in Our image,'" (Genesis 1:26)
      4. "Whom shall I send, and who will go for Us?" (Isaiah 6:8)
    5. The entire Godhead active in Salvation
      1. Father sent the Son
      2. Jesus sends the Spirit
      3. The Spirit convicts of sin, righteousness, judgment; indwells the believer

Hebrew Terms: המקווה; mikvah: washing pool with moving water; פרושים ; Perushim: separated ones; אֱלֹהִלים; Elohim-plural verb representing a singular God
Cross References: Genesis 1:1; Genesis 1:26; 2 Kings 1:8; Isaiah 6:8; Isaiah 40:3; Malachi 3:1; Matthew 4:17; Matthew 5:3; Matthew 5:4; Matthew 11:11; Matthew 11:13; Matthew 17:5; Matthew 23; Matthew 23:27; Luke 1:13; Luke 1:18; Luke 1:44; Luke 1:76; John 1:29; 1 Corinthians 1:27-28; Hebrews 4:15

 


 

SERIES: 40 Matthew - 2011
MESSAGE: Matthew 4:1-17
SPEAKER: Skip Heitzig
SCRIPTURE: Matthew 4:1-17
URL: http://SkipHeitzig.com/965

MESSAGE SUMMARY
Prior to the start of Jesus' public earthly ministry, He was led up to be tempted by the devil. As we review His encounter with Satan, we uncover important principles of spiritual warfare. We consider not only when and how Jesus was tempted, but also how He fought—and the ministry that began on the heels of the battle.

STUDY GUIDE
Matthew 4

“Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand.”
– Jesus
Matthew 4:17

PREVIEW: In Matthew 4, we see Jesus righteously handle the tempter, begin His ministry, and begin calling His disciples.


PRAY: Father, as we study how Jesus handled Satan in the wilderness, please teach me how to deal with temptation in my own life.

Journal your prayer here:



Matthew 4 Outline:
First Temptation - Read Matthew 4:1-4
Second Temptation - Read Matthew 4:5-7
Third Temptation - Read Matthew 4:8-11
Jesus Begins His Ministry - Read Matthew 4:12-17
Jesus Calls His First Disciples - Read Matthew 4:18-22
Jesus Ministers in Galilee - Read Matthew 4:23-25

First Temptation - Read Matthew 4:1-4

1. After Jesus’ baptism in Matthew 3, He was led directly into the wilderness to be tempted by the devil. Who led Jesus (v. 1)?



2. PRODUCE: The Spirit led Jesus into the wilderness to be tempted by the devil. Read Deuteronomy 8:2-5, and explain why God might lead us into the wilderness.


3. The temptations of Jesus were preceded by a time of fasting. How long did Jesus fast, and what was his physical condition when the tempter came to Him (v. 2)?




4. PROPOUND: Jesus fasted for forty days and nights; afterward, He was hungry. How hungry do you think He was?





5. The tempter, another name for Satan, made an appeal to Jesus’ physical appetite because of His physical condition. What was that appeal, and why would it be a temptation (v. 3)?





6. What was Jesus’ response to this temptation? Read Hebrews 5:8. What did Jesus learn through the temptations? (See also Philippians 2:8 and Hebrews 2:18.)





7. PROCEED: Matthew 4:11 says, “Then the devil left Him.” Read James 4:7-10. What do we need to do to make the devil leave us?




Second Temptation - Read Matthew 4:5-7

8. The second temptation was an appeal to personal gain. Jesus could make a display of showmanship by jumping from the pinnacle of the temple for all to see, knowing that He wouldn’t be hurt because the angels would “bear Him up,” “lest he dash His foot against a stone.” What verses did the devil quote in this temptation (v. 6)?

9. Carefully compare Satan’s quotation of this verse (v. 6) with the actual verse. What’s missing, and why is it a significant omission?



10. What was Jesus’ response to this temptation (v. 7)?




11. The devil misquoted the Scripture during this temptation. Why is it important to ensure that we check the Scriptures quoted to us? (See Acts 17:11, 1 Thessalonians 5:21, 1 John 4:1, 2 John 1:7, and Revelation 12:9.)



Third Temptation - Read Matthew 4:8-11

12. In the third temptation, the devil appealed to power and glory by showing Jesus all the kingdoms of the world (v. 8) and tempting Him with rule and ownership. He offered Jesus an easy route to becoming King of kings, bypassing the cross, and thus thwarting God’s plan of salvation. What did the devil say Jesus had to do in order to receive rule and reign over all the kingdoms (v. 9)?


13. This offer wouldn’t have been a temptation if the devil didn’t own and rule all the kingdoms of the world. In 2 Corinthians 4:4, John 12:31, and Ephesians 2:2, what titles are given to the devil?




14. What was Jesus’ response to this temptation (v. 10)?



15. PROPOUND: In Jesus’ third temptation, what did He command Satan to do? What did Satan do? (See Matthew 4:10-11.)




16. After the temptations, ministering angels attend to Jesus. List some of the types of ministry that angels perform and to whom they minister. (See Matthew 26:53, Luke 22:43, and Hebrews 1:14.)





17. PRACTICE: Review Jesus’ response in each temptation. What did He do? How is this something we need be skilled at doing in our own lives?





18. PROCLAIM: When we’re tempted, it is better to obey God’s Word than to satisfy our own evil desires. Read James 1:12-15. What do we learn from this passage?



19. PROTECT: We can also be tempted by the devil (see James 1:12-15). Why is it crucial to focus on God’s eternal plan for our lives, instead of the temporal pleasures of our flesh? (See Matthew 16:26 and 1 John 2:15–17.)



20. PROPOUND: In each temptation, Jesus said, “It is written.” Where is it written? How did Jesus know what was written?



21. PROPOUND: Develop a personal strategy to deal with temptation based upon Jesus’ response to the tempter. Share it here.



22. PROPOUND: Compare 1 John 2:16 with the three temptations of Jesus. How are they similar?


Jesus Begins His Ministry - Read Matthew 4:12-17

23. Jesus heard that John the Baptist was imprisoned; He left Nazareth in Galilee and went to Capernaum. Read Luke 4:16-30. Why did Jesus leave Nazareth?



24. Jesus began His ministry in the regions of Zebulun and Naphtali, thus fulfilling a prophecy from the book of Isaiah: light coming to people in darkness (v. 16). (See also John 8:12.) What is Jesus’ message (v. 17)? Who else shared this message? (See Matthew 3:2; 10:7.)



Jesus Calls His First Disciples - Read Matthew 4:18-22

25. As Jesus walked by the Sea of Galilee, He saw two brothers: Simon, called Peter, and Andrew. What did He say to them and what was their response (vv. 19-20)?




26. James and John were mending nets when Jesus called them. What was their response and what did they leave (vv. 21-22)?




Learn more about these four men:
Peter: http://believe879.com/travelers.asp?traveler=peter
Andrew: http://believe879.com/travelers.asp?traveler=andrew
James: http://believe879.com/travelers.asp?traveler=james
John: http://believe879.com/travelers.asp?traveler=johna

27. PROPOUND: The disciples “immediately” left what they were doing to follow Jesus. Read Luke 9:57-62. Why is this important?



Jesus Ministers in Galilee - Read Matthew 4:23-25

28. As Jesus ministered in Galilee, He taught, preached, and healed. What is His message (v. 23)? What does the word gospel mean?


29. PROPOUND: Jesus taught in the synagogues. What do you think He taught?


30. Jesus began performing miracles that authenticated Him as the Messiah (anointed One). List the types of miracles He performed. (See also Matthew 11:2-5, where John the Baptist asked for confirmation of Jesus being the Coming One. Notice the response Jesus sent with John’s disciples.) (See also Isaiah 29:18; 35:4–6.)



31. PROMOTE: Share with the group why Jesus’ message when He began His ministry is still crucial today.




32. PROCESS: Take some time to review your strategy for dealing with the tempter. Are you ready to face him?




PRAY: Father, thank You for teaching me how to deal with temptation. Help me to resist the devil and stand firm in my faith.

Journal your prayer here:

DETAILED NOTES

  1. Introduction
    1. We all have to deal with the devil
      1. Jesus had to
      2. "We are not ignorant of his devices" (2 Corinthians 2:11)
      3. The dark side is powerful
      4. God's side is more powerful
    2. Matthew 3
      1. John the Baptist in the wilderness
        1. "Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand!" (Matthew 3:1)
        2. John baptized for the remission of sins
        3. His message to the Pharisees was different
          1. He didn't trust their motives
          2. "Brood of vipers! Who warned you to flee from the wrath to come?  Therefore bear fruits worthy of repentance, and do not think to say to yourselves, 'We have Abraham as our father.' For I say to you that God is able to raise up children to Abraham from these stones. (Matthew 3:7-9)
      2. Jesus came to be baptized
        1. "Then Jesus came from Galilee to John at the Jordan to be baptized by him. And John tried to prevent Him, saying, 'I need to be baptized by You, and are You coming to me?' But Jesus answered and said to him, 'Permit it to be so now, for thus it is fitting for us to fulfill all righteousness.'"(Matthew 3:13-15)
        2. He identified with sinful people: His baptism prefigured His payment for our sin
      3. Heavens were opened
        1. Proved God's favor
        2. Holy Spirit alighted on Jesus like a Dove
        3. "This is My beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased." (Matthew 3:17)
    3. As Heaven opened in chapter 3, Hell is opened in chapter 4
      1. "Every action brings an equal and opposite reaction"—Isaac Newton
      2. The action of God invites the reaction of Satan
        1. Nothing promotes the activity of the devil more than your proximity to God
        2. Illustration: C.S. Lewis' The Screwtape Letters
    4. Mistakes Christians make regarding the devil
      1. Make  too much of the devil: See him everywhere, in everything
      2. Deny his existence: He's not a literal person
        1. He wants you to believe that
        2. No enemy is as powerful as one you don't believe exists
        3. Charles Finney to man who didn't believe in the devil: "You do battle with him for a while, and you will!"
    5. The battle is real
      1. Martin Luther purported to throw an inkwell at the devil when he appeared to him
      2. "Be sober, be vigilant; because your adversary the devil walks about like a roaring lion, seeking whom he may devour." (1 Peter 5:8)
      3. Shouldn't surprise us: we should be anticipating: "And I will put enmity Between you and the woman, And between your seed and her Seed; He shall bruise your head, And you shall bruise His heel." (Genesis 3:15)
        1. First messianic prophecy
        2. Herod killed the babies born trying to destroy Him
        3. As Jesus begins His public ministry
  2. When Jesus was tempted
    1. After Jesus was baptized: after the spiritual blessing
      1. The devil wants to steal the blessing God gave
      2. Israel delivered from Egypt: Pharaoh pursues them to destroy
      3. Hezekiah reinstituted the Passover: Sennacherib surrounded Jerusalem
      4. Transfiguration of Jesus (See Matthew 17)/demon possessed kid the disciples couldn't deal with
      5. "The devil is never more active than in a church" —J.C. Ryle
        1. Go to church and are blessed; Satan is waiting outside the door
        2. We are dealing with a defeated enemy
          1. Not fighting for victory, fighting from victory
          2. "He who is in you is greater than he who is in the world." (1 John 4:4)
      6. Anything that the devil can ruin, he will ruin
    2. When He was weakest
      1. He had fasted 40 days and 40 nights and He was hungry
        1. Not a sanctified diet
        2. Not a way to manipulate God to get what you want
        3. A means by which you deny your flesh so that you can focus on spiritual things
        4. See Isaiah 58 for principles about fasting
      2. Moses fasted for 40 days and 40 nights
      3. Elijah also fasted 40 days and 40 nights (See 1 Kings 18)
      4. Fasting
        1. At first difficult
        2. Hunger ceases
        3. When hunger reemerges, you are at starvation level: Jesus was starving to death
      5. When you are weak physically, you are often vulnerable emotionally and spiritually
    3. Seeking to be alone with His Father
      1. Interruptions, distractions
      2. Satan hates us to have a quiet time with the Lord
  3. First Temptation
    1. "If You are the Son of God, command that these stones become bread."
      1. More accurate translation: "Since You are the Son of God"
        1. Not a supposition
        2. An affirmation
        3. Wuest translation: "In view of the fact that You are the Son of God"
      2. Questioning God's Provision
        1. Slamming God's love
        2. Suggesting Jesus use his own power to provide what the Father didn't
        3. Doubting God's care
        4. "Has God indeed said, 'You shall not eat of every tree of the garden'?" (Genesis 3:1)
        5. Abram and Sarah: thought better to handle it themselves
    2. Jesus answer: Quotes Scripture: Deuteronomy 8:3
  4. Second Temptation
    1. The devil quotes two scriptures
      1. According to the Jews, Jerusalem is the center of the world
        1. "Thus says the Lord God: 'This is Jerusalem; I have set her in the midst of the nations and the countries all around her." (Ezekiel 5:5)
        2. Jerusalem the "navel of the earth"
        3. "Israel is the center of the world; Jerusalem is the center of Israel; the temple is the center of Jerusalem." If you are at the temple you are at the epicenter of the Earth."
      2. Satan took Jesus to the center of the earth, where Messiah was to come
        1. Some rabbis believed the Messiah would stand on the roof of the temple
        2. "The LORD, whom you seek, Will suddenly come to His temple," (Malachi 3:1)
        3. "Throw Yourself down" (450 feet)
      3. Questioning God's protection (Devil knows the Bible better than we do: He was trained in heaven)
    2. Jesus answered with Scripture
  5. Third Temptation
    1. Satan offers the world
      1. The kingdoms of the world belong to the devil
        1. "And the devil said to Him, 'All this authority I will give You, and their glory; for this has been delivered to me, and I give it to whomever I wish.'" (Luke 4:6)
        2. "god of this age" (2 Corinthians 4:4)
        3. Satan received the title deed by the fall of man
      2. Jesus takes the deed back; He purchased it by His blood (See Revelation 5)
      3. Questioning God's Promise
        1. "Ask of Me, and I will give You The nations for Your inheritance, And the ends of the earth for Your possession." (Psalm 2:8)
        2. Jesus will reign, but first He must suffer
      4. The hardest temptation: "You don't need to do this the hard way, I'll give you the world, just worship me for a moment."
      5. An exceedingly high mountain
        1. Probably not the Mt. of Temptation
        2. Mount Nebo is higher
        3. Likely a spiritual vision, not a physical mountain
    2. Jesus "Away with you Satan!"
      1. The devil left "until an opportune time" (See Luke 4:13)
      2. The devil will be back
  6. The beginning of Jesus' public ministry
    1. John had been put in prison
      1. John denounced Herod Antipas for his adulterous relationship with Herodias and was locked in prison
      2. John's arrest signaled that Jesus' public ministry was to begin
        1. The ministry of the forerunner was over
        2. "He must increase, but I must decrease." (John 3:30)
    2. Capernaum
      1. Peter, Andrew, James, John, and Matthew lived and worked there
      2. On the shore of the Sea of Galilee
      3. Fulfills prophecy: Galilee of the Gentiles
        1. Γαλιλαία τῶν ἐθνῶν; galilaia tōn ethnōn; Galilee of the nations: Prefigures that Jesus came for all the world, not the Jews only
        2. Region and shadow of death
          1. Galilee saw more wars
          2. Mixed marriages
      4. Jesus' headquarters in an area darkened by worldly influence
        1. Outcasts
        2. Accents: "Surely you are one of them; for you are a Galilean, and your speech shows it." (Mark 14:70)
        3. Jesus still wants to put His headquarters in the hearts of outcasts
    3. "Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand."
      1. Same message as John the Baptist preached
      2. "Kingdom of Heaven" appears 32 times in Matthew
    4. The call of four disciples
    5. Jesus fame is growing: People walked a hundred miles to see Him

Greek Terms: Γαλιλαία τῶν ἐθνῶν; galilaia tōn ethnōn; Galilee of the nationsFigures Referenced: Isaac Newton, Charles Finney, J.C. RylePublications Referenced: The Screwtape Letters, by C.S. LewisCross References: Genesis 3:1; Genesis 3:15; Deuteronomy 8:3; 1 Kings 18; Psalm 2:8; Ezekiel 5:5; Malachi 3:1; Matthew 3:1; Matthew 3:7-9; Matthew 3:13-15; Matthew 3:17; Matthew 17; Mark 14:70; Luke 4:6; Luke 4:13; John 3:30; 2 Corinthians 2:11; 2 Corinthians 4:4; 1 Peter 5:8; 1 John 4:4; Revelation 5

Topic: The Devil

Keywords: devil, Satan, temptation, spiritual warfare, battle

 


 

SERIES: 40 Matthew - 2011
MESSAGE: Matthew 4:18-5:4
SPEAKER: Skip Heitzig
SCRIPTURE: Matthew 4:18-5:4
URL: http://SkipHeitzig.com/967

MESSAGE SUMMARY
Leaving life as they knew it, the disciples followed Jesus and became intimate witnesses of Jesus' teaching, preaching, and healing. As we dive into this portion of Matthew, we turn our attention to their calling and listen in as Jesus begins the greatest sermon ever preached.

STUDY GUIDE
Matthew 5

And seeing the multitudes, He went up on a mountain, and when He was seated His disciples came to Him. Then He opened His mouth and taught them
Matthew 5:1-2


PRAYER: Father, as we study the Beatitudes and Similitudes, please show me how I, as Your disciple, ought to live.

Journal your prayer here:




PREVIEW: In Matthew 5:1-16, we see God’s ideal plan for our sanctification, and how our lives should reflect these qualities.

Matthew 5 Outline:
The Beatitudes – Read Matthew 5:1-12
The Similitudes – Read Matthew 5:13-16


The Beatitudes – Read Matthew 5:1-12

1. Matthew 4:23-25 talks about the ministry that Jesus performed in Galilee, referring to many different situations and circumstances when He dealt with “seeing the multitudes” (v. 1). To whom was He ministering—who were the multitudes?






2. Matthew 5-7 is referred to as the Sermon on the Mount. Where does Jesus go upon “seeing the multitudes” (v. 1)? (See also Matthew 14:23, Mark 3:13, and Luke 9:28.)




3. In Jewish culture, preachers would stand; when teaching or explaining, they would sit. When Jesus went up on the mountain, He sat down to teach (vv. 1-2). To whom is this lesson addressed?




4. PROPOUND: To whom are the Beatitudes and Similitudes applicable? To whom are they not (v. 1)?


5. The word blessed begins the next nine verses. The word beatitude (beatus in Latin) means “happy.” The Beatitudes show the path to true happiness. Read Psalm 33:12 and Psalm 32:1. What makes a person blessed, or happy?



6. PRODUCE: A paragon is something regarded as an example of excellence. A paradox is a self-contradictory statement. All the Beatitudes are either a paragon or a paradox. Label each as such.








7. The path to true happiness begins with being poor in spirit (v. 3). What does it mean to be poor in spirit? (See Psalm 34:18; 51:17 and Isaiah 57:15; 66:2)



8. What is promised to those who are poor in spirit (v. 3)?


9. PROCEED: An example of one who is poor in spirit is found in Luke 18:13. A contrast to the poor in spirit is found within the church of Laodicea (see Revelation 3:17). Contrast these two; what do you discover?



10. What is promised to those who mourn (v. 4)? What do you think they mourn over? (See Psalm 32:3-7, Luke 7:36-50, and 2 Corinthians 7:8-10.)


11. PROPOUND: Explain why those who mourn ought to consider themselves “blessed” or “happy” (see Psalm 32:1).


12. The meek shall inherit the earth (v. 5). Who in the Bible is described as meek? (See Numbers 12:3 and Matthew 11:29.)


13. Meekness is a true view of oneself, expressed in attitude and conduct with respect to others. This makes us gentle, humble, sensitive, and patient when dealing with others. Read Psalm 37 and pick out the verbs which express meekness.


14. PROPOUND: What does it mean that the meek will “inherit the earth”? (See Psalm 37:9; 22 and Matthew 25:21.)


15. Those who hunger and thirst for righteousness will be filled (v 6). What does it mean to hunger and thirst for righteousness? (See Psalm 42:1-2, 63:1-2, and 84:2.) What will these be filled with? (See John 6:35.)


16. PROCLAIM: Those who hunger and thirst for righteousness are filled with what? (See John 6:35 and15:4.) Share with the group how this happens.



17. The merciful obtain mercy. Define mercy. (See Matthew 6:14–15; 18:33–35, and Proverbs 11:17; 14:21; 19:17.)



18. What does it mean to be pure in heart? (See Matthew 23:25-28, 1 Chronicles 29:17-19, and Psalm 15:2.) What does it mean to see God? (See Acts 7:55–56 and 1 Corinthians 13:12.)


19. PROMOTE: We all have sinned and continue to sin (see Romans 3:23 and 1 John 1:8). Proverbs 20:9 says, “Who can say, ‘I have made my heart clean, I am pure from my sin’?” Share with the group how believers can keep their heart pure (see Psalm 101:2-4 and 1 John 1:9-10).



20. PROPOUND: Read 1 John 1:8-10. Trick Question: What is the worst kind of sin?


21. What are some characteristics of a peacemaker? (See 2 Timothy 2:24-26 and 2 Corinthians 5:18-21.)


22. What does it mean to be persecuted for righteousness sake? (See Luke 6:22; 21:12, John 15:20, and 2 Timothy 3:12.)




23. Why should a believer rejoice when they are reviled and persecuted for righteousness’ sake (vv. 11-12)? What is the promise made (v. 12)?


24. PROPOUND: Christians might be persecuted for acting stupid—but what two “sakes” did Jesus list as requirements for being blessed?



25. PRACTICE: The Beatitudes are progressive, building upon each other and requiring the previous before the next. Describe their progression.



The Similitudes – Read Matthew 5:13-16

26. Jesus refers to His disciples as the salt of the earth (v. 11). What effect does salt have if it keeps its flavor?



27. PROPOUND: Jesus referred to His disciples as “salt.” How can a person, like salt, “lose their flavor”?


30. Jesus also refers to His disciples as the light of the world (v. 14). How does He say they are to “let their light so shine”? (See Matthew 6:1-5, Acts 9:36, 1 Timothy 6:18, and 1 Peter 2:12.)

31. PROPOUND: Before whom are we to let our light shine? What will be the result (Matthew 5:16)?



32. PROTECT: The Beatitudes and Similitudes contain God’s ideal plan for our sanctification. How can you be sure you’re partaking in this process? (See John 17:17.)




33. PROCESS: Take some time to review the Beatitudes and Similitudes. Does your life reflect them? Why or why not?





PRAY: Father, please help me to live out the Beatitudes and Similitudes. Without your Holy Spirit, I know I cannot. Please empower me to do so.

Journal your prayer here:




DETAILED NOTES

  1. Introduction
    1. Jesus is Lord
      1. Some debate it
      2. Disciples experienced it
        1. Made a lifetime decision to follow Him
        2. Knew Jesus before they were called
          1. Asked about Him
          2. Were there at His baptism
    2. Sea of Galilee
      1. Inland body of water (lake)
      2. Below sea level
      3. 12 miles x 9 miles
      4. Sea of Gennesaret
        1. כִּנּוֹר; kinnor-harp
        2. Harp-shaped lake
      5. Sea of Tiberias
        1. Hellenized Greco-Roman city
        2. Southwest shore of the lake
  2. The call of four disciples
    1. Imperative command: Follow me
      1. Historic common practice
        1. Disciples normally continued in their trade
        2. Disciples paid their masters
        3. Talmudim; students chose their master
      2. Jesus' disciples
        1. Jesus chose His disciples
        2. They were called to full time ministry: leave everything
      3. Jesus called them to spend time with Him
        1. Not take a class, read a book, or go to a seminar
        2. Time with Jesus changed them; developed the same heart He has
    2. Simon Peter (Simon -God hears)
      1. In a few years, Peter will stand in Jerusalem casting a spiritual net; 3,000 souls come into the kingdom
      2. Martyr's death
    3. Andrew
    4. John
      1. Brother of James
      2. Son of Zebedee
      3. Pastor in Ephesus
      4. Exiled in Patmos
      5. Vision of the end times
      6. Author of Gospel of John, 1 John, 2 John, 3 John, Revelation
      7. The disciple Jesus loved
        1. Not prideful
        2. Close personal relationship with Jesus
    5. James
      1. Brother of John
      2. James the Greater
        1. Not James the son of Alphaeus (James the less)
        2. Not James the half-brother of Jesus
          1. Nonbeliever during Jesus' earthly ministry
          2. Becomes a believer after the resurrection
          3. In charge of the church at Jerusalem
      3. Sons of Thunder (John and James)
        1. Suggested they call fire from heaven to destroy the Samaritans
        2. Transformed to sons of wonder
        3. Jesus takes us the way we are and changes us
  3. Summary of Jesus Christ's Ministry
    1. Matthew focuses on what Jesus said
      1. Five discourses
      2. Sermon on the Mount recorded in Matthew 5-7
    2. Around Galilee
      1. 2800 square miles (70 miles x 40 miles)
      2. 204 towns, no less than 15,000 people in each
      3. 3,000,000 people
        1. Figure may be inflated
        2. Josephus was governor and historian
    3. Résumé
      1. Teaching
        1. Most important
        2. Causes growth
      2. Preaching (witness to unbelievers)
      3. Healing
        1. Excited people
        2. Drew crowds
        3. Those with incurable diseases were instantly made whole
        4. Accompanies the message: Repent for the Kingdom of Heaven is at hand
          1. Jews instantly thought of Kingdom age prophecies (See Isaiah 11 and Isaiah 35)
            1. They thought the kingdom age was upon them
            2. We see them as fulfilled in the Millennium
              1. Freedom from disease
              2. Absence of sorrow
              3. No crying, sickness, sorrow, or death
          2. Jesus was saying "I am the King"
            1. Wherever the King is and whomever He rules over: the Kingdom of Heaven
            2. "My kingdom is not of this world."  (John 18:36)
          3. There will be a day when there is a worldwide, earthly kingdom
  4. Sermon on the Mount
    1. Name
      1. Inaccurate name
        1. A rolling hill on the shore of Galilee
        2. Gives no information about the message
      2. Mountain of a Sermon
        1. Sermon of a Monarch
        2. King giving the manifesto of the Kingdom
    2. Kingdom Living: living life under the authority of King Jesus
      1. How to enter the kingdom
      2. How to walk in the kingdom
    3. Greatest sermon ever preached by the greatest person who ever lived
    4. " And so it was, when Jesus had ended these sayings, that the people were astonished at His teaching," (Matthew 7:28)
    5. "When He was seated His disciples came to Him" (Matthew 5:1)
      1. Pupils stand; teachers sit
        1. When teaching casually, a teacher would walk with them
        2. Teaching with authority: seated
          1. "Chair" honor and authority
          2. Pope's official pronouncements ex cathedra (from the chair)
      2. Jesus was not teaching the crowds, but the disciples
        1. Not teaching how to be saved
        2. Cannot expect an unbeliever to act as a Christian
          1. No transformation
          2. No new birth
        3. He was instructing not evangelizing
        4. Evangelism is the disciple's job
          1. "Then Jesus went about all the cities and villages, teaching in their synagogues, preaching the gospel of the kingdom, and healing every sickness and every disease among the people. But when He saw the multitudes, He was moved with compassion for them, because they were weary and scattered, like sheep having no shepherd. Then He said to His disciples, 'The harvest truly is plentiful, but the laborers are few. Therefore pray the Lord of the harvest to send out laborers into His harvest.'" (Matthew 9:35-38)
          2. "And when He had called His twelve disciples to Him, He gave them power over unclean spirits, to cast them out, and to heal all kinds of sickness and all kinds of disease. Now the names of the twelve apostles are these: first, Simon, who is called Peter, and Andrew his brother; James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother;  Philip and Bartholomew; Thomas and Matthew the tax collector; James the son of Alphaeus, and Lebbaeus, whose surname was Thaddaeus;  Simon the Cananite, and Judas Iscariot, who also betrayed Him.  These twelve Jesus sent out and commanded them, saying: 'Do not go into the way of the Gentiles, and do not enter a city of the Samaritans.  But go rather to the lost sheep of the house of Israel.  And as you go, preach, saying, 'The kingdom of heaven is at hand.'" (Matthew 10:1-7)
          3. Jesus disciples and then dispatches them
    6. The Beatitudes
      1. Not what we do, but who we are
      2. Blessed
        1. Μακάριος; makrios- blissful, happy
        2. Not temporary, but deep and abiding
      3. Poor in spirit
        1. How you enter: humbly
        2. Πτωχός; ptóchos-poor, destitute, poverty stricken
        3. "Nothing in my hand I bring, simply to the cross I cling;" Rock of Ages, Cleft for Me, by Augustus M. Toplady
        4. Humbly: recognize you have no saving resources of your own
        5. Sorrowfully: mourning over sin
      4. They shall be comforted
        1. "Happy are the sad"
        2. Comforted by forgiveness that comes of repentance
        3. "Also He spoke this parable to some who trusted in themselves that they were righteous, and despised others: 'Two men went up to the temple to pray, one a Pharisee and the other a tax collector. The Pharisee stood and prayed thus with himself, 'God, I thank You that I am not like other men--extortioners, unjust, adulterers, or even as this tax collector. I fast twice a week; I give tithes of all that I possess.'  And the tax collector, standing afar off, would not so much as raise his eyes to heaven, but beat his breast, saying, 'God, be merciful to me a sinner!' I tell you, this man went down to his house justified rather than the other; for everyone who exalts himself will be humbled, and he who humbles himself will be exalted.'" (Luke 18:9-14)

Hebrew terms: כִּנּוֹר; kinnor-harp
Greek terms: Μακάριος; makrios- blissful, happy; Πτωχός; ptóchos-poor, destitute, poverty stricken
Publications Referenced: Rock of Ages, Cleft for Me, by Augustus M. Toplady
Figures Referenced: Josephus
Cross References: Isaiah 11; Isaiah 35; Matthew 5:1; Matthew 7:28; Matthew 9:35-38; Matthew 10:1-7; Luke 18:9-14; John 18:36

Topic: Sermon on the Mount

Keywords: disciples, apostles, Sermon on the Mount, beatitudes

 


 

SERIES: 40 Matthew - 2011
MESSAGE: Matthew 5:5-16
SPEAKER: Skip Heitzig
SCRIPTURE: Matthew 5:5-16
URL: http://SkipHeitzig.com/969

MESSAGE SUMMARY
The economy in God's Kingdom is quite different from that of the world: it's paradoxical; it's progressive. Let's consider the Beatitudes and discover what kingdom living looks like, and how it impacts those around us.

DETAILED NOTES

  1. Introduction
    1. Setting
      1. Teaching of Jesus
      2. On rolling hill on the Northwest shore of the Sea of Galilee
      3. Near Capernaum (Jesus' headquarters)
    2. Named
      1. Sermon on the Mount (tells us nothing about the message)
      2. Mountain of a Sermon
      3. Sermon of the Monarch: Jesus telling us about the Kingdom of Heaven
        1. How to enter it
        2. What life's like in it
        3. The Kingdom Manifesto
    3. Blessed: happy, happiness, blissful, contented
      1. Americans are less happy than they were 30 years ago (according to a Reuters article)
        1. Long hours at work
        2. Less satisfying relationships
      2. Not giddy, but an inner steady blissful contentedness
      3. Amplified Bible: happy, to be envied, spiritually prosperous
      4. Everyone has some idea of what happiness is:"What would make you more happy?"
        1. More money
        2. Own something you value
        3. Get married
      5. Bible says a lot about true happiness
        1. 56 times joy and God (or joy and the Lord) are coupled
        2. The way to happiness is holiness
    4. Beatitudes
      1. Nine sayings of blessed
        1. Proclamations: not emotions
        2. Paradoxical: don't make sense
          1. Poor in spirit, morns, meek, persecuted: from a worldly perspective it sounds not like a recipe for happiness, but misery by another name
          2. The world's perception
            1. Blessed are the healthy
            2. Blessed are the wealthy
            3. Blessed are the beautiful
        3. Progressive: one leads to another
          1. If poor in spirit, mourn
          2. If poor in spirit,  mourn, meek
          3. If poor in spirit, mourn, meek, hunger and thirst after righteousness
      2. First and second Beatitudes address how to enter the kingdom
        1. Poor in spirit
          1. Poverty-stricken, destitute
          2. See God and self and recognize you're spiritually bankrupt
        2. Mourn over that condition
          1. Repentance
          2. Sorrow that you've failed God
          3. Desire to do something about it
  2. Blessed are the meek, for they shall inherit the earth. (v. 5)
    1. What it is not
      1. Gutlessness
      2. Emotional flakiness
      3. "Happy are the spineless, for they shall be doormats for God"
    2. What it is
      1. Power under control
      2. Like a powerful horse harnessed and under control
    3. Blessed are God's gentlemen (or gentlewomen)
      1. Have power
      2. Choose to be careful about exercising it
      3. Under God's control
    4. Uncontrolled power doesn't do any good: explosions and outbursts devastate relationships
    5. Idles your motor when you feel like stripping your gears
    6. Little girl in essay: "Quakers are very meek people: they never fight—they never yell. My mother is a Quaker. My father is not."
    7. Me-Ek!
    8. Flow:
      1. Look at self realizing you are poor in spirit
      2. Mourn
      3. Don’t want to dominate
      4. Let self be controlled by God
  3. Blessed are those who hunger and thirst for righteousness, for they shall be satisfied. (v. 6)
    1. Flow
      1. Poverty stricken in God's presence
        1. No hope of your own
        2. No claim of your own
        3. No righteousness of your own
      2. Mourn over your condition (true repentance)
      3. Brings meekness (surrender to God's control)
      4. Develop a hunger: new appetites
    2. Difference between spiritual maturity and spiritual immaturity: appetites
      1. What are you hungry for?
      2. What's your spiritual passion?
      3. What drives you?
    3. Not: "Blessed are those who casually snack after righteousness
  4. Blessed are the merciful, for they shall receive mercy (v. 7)
    1. Notable characteristic of the world: merciless
      1. Political slurs
      2. True mercy in stark contrast to what the world offers
      3. "Those in my kingdom are not condemners, but givers of mercy"
    2. Still condemn and speak out against sin
    3. General take on life: mercy
    4. God is merciful
    5. Flow:
      1. Realize poverty-stricken before God
      2. Mourn over your condition
      3. Become meek (God controls life)
      4. Hunger and thirst after righteousness
      5. Like God, become merciful
        1. Take on His characteristics
        2. More mature
  5. Blessed are the pure in heart, for they shall see God. (v. 8)
    1. The Heart
      1. Western culture
        1. Pit the heart against the mind
        2. As if what we feel is more important that what we know
      2. Biblical perspective
        1. The heart is the mind, not emotion
        2. Where  you think, develop motivations, seat of your will, includes emotions
        3. Emotions from the bowels
        4. Thoughts
          1. "For as he thinks in his heart, so is he." (Proverbs 23:7)
          2. "Let not mercy and truth forsake you; Bind them around your neck, Write them on the tablet of your heart," (Proverbs 3:3)
          3. "For out of the heart proceed evil thoughts, murders, adulteries, fornications, thefts, false witness, blasphemies." (Matthew 15:19)
    2. Purity focused on the heart
      1. Not  focused  on pure in actions
      2. Not  focused on pure in vocabulary
      3. If God has the heart, He has everything else
      4. "Keep your heart with all diligence, for out of it spring the issues of life." (Proverbs 4:23)
      5. Watch your thoughts: they form the blueprints for all else in life.
    3. Pure
      1. Καθαρός; katharos-cleanse, clean by removing dirt
      2. Applied to the heart
        1. Inward purity before God
        2. Unmixed sincerity before men
          1. "Happy are the utterly sincere, for they will see God!" (Phillip's Translation)
          2. "Happy are those who live life in the open!"
  6. Blessed are the peacemakers, for they shall be called sons of God. (v.9)
    1. Mission: stepping into the lives of others; like a bridge making access for two parties to meet each other
    2. Calling as a Christian
      1. Make your own peace with God: Salvation
      2. Help others make peace with God: Evangelism
      3. Make peace with people: Reconciliation
        1. See Matthew 18
        2. "If it is possible, as much as depends on you, live peaceably with all men." (Romans 12:18)
      4. Help other people make peace with people: Mediation
    3. Note: the verse does not say "For they shall become sons of God"
      1. Not a means to be saved
      2. Not a means to be right with God
      3. If you live like this, others will recognize you are related to God
    4. Flow
      1. Humble, poor in spirit
      2. Mourn over your spiritual condition, ask God for forgiveness
      3. Meek, surrender your power to God's control
      4. Develop an appetite for spiritual things
      5. Become like God: merciful, pure in heart, sincere
      6. Help others make peace with other people and with God
      7. People recognize you as child of God
  7. Life in the Kingdom
    1. The King speaks to subjects of the King
    2. Characteristics of those in the kingdom
      1. If you live this way, heaven will notice
      2. If you live this way, people will notice
      3. If you live this way, hell will notice
  8.   "Blessed are those who are persecuted for righteousness' sake, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. Blessed are you when they revile and persecute you, and say all kinds of evil against you falsely for My sake.  Rejoice and be exceedingly glad, for great is your reward in heaven, for so they persecuted the prophets who were before you." (vv. 10-12)
    1. When we live the way Jesus describes the world will notice, not like it, and we will receive persecution
    2. Persecution
      1. The inevitable clash between two irreconcilable value systems
        1. Value system of the Kingdom of God
        2. Value system of the world
      2. Natural consequence of those who live with a supernatural focus
      3. "Yes, and all who desire to live godly in Christ Jesus will suffer persecution." (2 Timothy 3:12)
        1. "Are persecuted" not "might be"
        2. "When persecuted" not "if persecuted"
    3. Qualifier: "For righteousness sake" and "For my sake"
      1. Not because of weirdness or obnoxiousness
      2. God wants sharpshooters, not machine gunners
        1. Aim for the heart
        2. Aim for the life
        3. Aim for change
        4. Get to know a person, find out what you are aiming at before pulling the trigger
    4. Your Part
      1. "Rejoice and be exceedingly glad"
      2. "Rejoice in that day and leap for joy!" (Luke 6:3)
      3. The Reason:
        1. Great reward (look ahead)
        2. Great company: the prophets
  9. How do kingdom dwellers live? Differently
    1. Counter-culture; contra-mundum; against the world
    2. Jesus used metaphors to describe us
      1. Salt of the Earth
        1. Stop decay and corruption
        2. Adds flavor
        3. Creates thirst
        4. Implies the world is decaying, corrupt, rotting
      2. Light of the World
        1. Dispels darkness
        2. Implies the world is dark
    3. Believers are:
      1. Different:  values from those of the world
      2. Noticed: A city on a hill cannot be hidden
      3. Responsible: salt keeps its flavor
      4. Necessary: important mission (emphatic plural)
        1. You and you alone are the light of the world
        2. You and you alone are the salt of this earth
        3. No one else has what you have
        4. No one else can do what you do
        5. If they don't see Christ through our lives, they won't see Christ
      5. Living ambassadors: dwelling in the kingdom of God
        1. Soon Jesus will establish a literal kingdom
          1. Not just in our hearts
          2. Not just a brotherhood
          3. Allegiance to Christ
        2. We will be rewarded

Greek Terms: Καθαρός; katharos-cleanse, clean by removing dirt
Cross References: Proverbs 3:3; Proverbs 4:23; Proverbs 23:7; Matthew 15:19; Matthew 18; Luke 6:3; Romans 12:18; 2 Timothy 3:12

Topic: The Beatitudes

Keywords: beatitudes, Sermon on the Mount, kingdom, kingdom living, similitudes

 


 

SERIES: 40 Matthew - 2011
MESSAGE: Matthew 5:17-32
SPEAKER: Skip Heitzig
SCRIPTURE: Matthew 5:17-32
URL: http://SkipHeitzig.com/973

MESSAGE SUMMARY
The multitudes listening to Jesus teach were undoubtedly shaken by His powerful statement: "Unless your righteousness exceeds the righteousness of the scribes and Pharisees, you will by no means enter the kingdom of heaven" (Matthew 5:20). How, then, could one be saved? As we continue our study of the Sermon on the Mount, we remember that salvation is not available through human achievement--only by divine accomplishment.

STUDY GUIDE
Matthew 5:17-48
Therefore you shall be perfect, just as your Father in heaven is perfect
Matthew 5:48

PRAYER: Father, You desire for me to be holy as You are holy. Please help me to live my life as Jesus taught in the Sermon on the Mount.
Journal your prayer here:




PREVIEW: In Matthew 5:17-48, Jesus teaches His disciples with astonishing authority, setting the level of expected righteousness to one exceeding the scribes and Pharisees.
Matthew 5:17-48 Outline:
Jesus Fulfills the Law – Read Matthew 5:17-20
Murder – Read Matthew 5:21-26
Adultery – Read Matthew 5:27-30
Divorce – Read Matthew 5:31-32
Oaths – Read Matthew 5:33-37
Retaliation – Read Matthew 5:38-42
Love – Read Matthew 5:43-48
As Jesus taught His disciples in Matthew 5-7, He often said, “You’ve heard that it was said” but, “I say to you.” He is referring to the Law and the Prophets, and even their oral traditions (where they learned these commands or sayings). When He says, “I say to you,” He speaks with authority, something not typically done by rabbis. Because of this, His teachings astonished His listeners. (See Matthew 7:28-29;13:54; 56, Luke 4:22, and John 7:46.)
Jesus Fulfills the Law – Read Matthew 5:17-20
1. The Law or the Prophets refers to the Law of Moses and the words of the prophets. What did Jesus say He had come to do with the Law and the Prophets (v. 17)? (See also Romans 10:4 and Galatians 3:24-25.)






2. PROPOUND: Explain how Jesus fulfilled the Law.




3. A jot or yod (iota in Greek) is the smallest Hebrew letter. A tittle is the smallest stroke in a Hebrew letter. What did Jesus say would happen before one jot or tittle passed away (v. 18)?




4. What did Jesus say was required to be called “great in the kingdom of heaven” (v. 19)?




5. PRACTICE: Jesus mentions those who are “called great in the kingdom of heaven.” Who are they, and how can we become one of them?






6. Jesus says to His disciples, “Unless your righteousness exceeds the righteousness of the scribes and Pharisees, you will by no means enter the kingdom of heaven.” How can the disciples’ righteousness exceed the scribes and Pharisees? (See 1 Corinthians 1:30, 2 Corinthians 5:21,and Romans 4:22-25.)






7. PRODUCE: A righteousness that exceeds the scribes and Pharisees is required for entrance to the kingdom of heaven. Explain righteousness in your own words.








Murder – Read Matthew 5:21-26
8. Jesus refers to the sixth commandment: “You shall not murder” (Exodus 20:13). What two things does He equate with murder (v. 22)?




9. As Jesus equates these two angers of our heart with murder, He says we should be reconciled with our brother who has something against us. What actions does He say we should take to be reconciled (vv. 23-26)?






10. PROPOUND: What did the gift being brought to the altar represent?




11. PROCEED: What did Jesus mean when He said, “Agree with your adversary quickly” (Matthew 5:25)? What might be the results if we don’t do so?




Adultery – Read Matthew 5:27-30
12. Jesus refers to the seventh commandment: “You shall not commit adultery” (v. 27). What does He equate with adultery?




13. When Jesus says we should pluck out our eye and cut off our hand, what do you think He is referring to?




14. PROCLAIM: Jesus said adultery can be committed in the heart. Why is it important to guard our hearts? (See Matthew 15:19 and Mark 7:21.)




Divorce – Read Matthew 5:31-32
15. Jesus points to Deuteronomy 24:1-4 when referring to the divorce allowed by Moses (v. 31). Read Mark 10:2-12. Why does Jesus say Moses allowed divorce?




16. What exception does Jesus make for divorce (v. 32)? (See also Malachi 2:16.)




17. PROPOUND: What is meant by, “It is more profitable that one of your members perish, than for your body to be cast into hell”?




18. PROPOUND: What does a man commit when he marries a divorced woman?




19. PROMOTE: Share with the group what God’s attitude toward divorce is. When is divorce acceptable?
Oaths – Read Matthew 5:33-37
20. Jesus refers to Leviticus 19:12 and passages like Numbers 30:2 that explain what was required before swearing an oath. What does Jesus say about swearing an oath (v. 34)?




21. Instead of swearing an oath, what should we do to let people know we’re serious (v. 37)? (See also Ephesians 4:15 and 1 John 3:18.)




22. PROPOUND: What does “let your ‘Yes’ be ‘Yes,’ and your ‘No,’ ‘No.’” mean?




Retaliation – Read Matthew 5:38-42
23. Jesus refers to the lex talionis (in Latin), or the law of retribution: an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth (see Exodus 21:24). Rather than retribution, what does Jesus say we should do in each situation?




24. Instead of taking things into our own hands and seeking retribution, what do the following passages say we should do? (See Proverbs 20:22, Romans 12:17, 1 Corinthians 6:7 and 1 Peter 3:9.)




25. PROPOUND: The commonly used phrase, “going the extra mile,” comes from Matthew 5:41. What does this literally mean?




Love – Read Matthew 5:43-48
26. Jesus refers to Leviticus 19:18 (“You shall love your neighbor as yourself”) and to the oral traditions of the Pharisees (“And hate your enemy”) (v. 43). What should we do to our enemies (v. 44)?




27. Jesus says that doing good for our enemy, loving those who don’t love us (v. 46), and greeting those who aren’t our brethren (v. 47) make us sons of our Father in Heaven (v. 45). Although these seem challenging, we are commanded to be as perfect as our Heavenly Father (v. 48). (See also Leviticus 11:44; 19:2, James 1:4, and 1 Peter 1:15.) How can we achieve this perfection? (See John 17:17, Romans 12:1-2, and Ephesians 1:4; 5:1.)




28. PROTECT: Meditate on the command Jesus gave in Matthew 5:48: “Therefore you shall be perfect, just as your Father in heaven is perfect.” How can we obey this command? (See 2 Timothy 2:21 and Hebrews 9:14.)








29. PROPOUND: What does Jesus mean when He says, “that you may be sons of your Father in heaven”? (v. 45). (See also Luke 6:35-36.)




PROCESS: Review what you’ve learned about Jesus’ expected righteousness (see Matthew 5:17-48). Be ready to share your lessons with the group.


PRAY: Father, I cannot achieve a righteousness that exceeds the scribes and Pharisees without Your Spirit. Please help me to live out the Sermon on the Mount.

Journal your prayer here:





DETAILED NOTES

  1. Introduction
    1. Jesus teaching the Sermon on the Mount
    2. Jesus gained popularity; multitudes following Him
      1. Impressed by what they saw
      2. Drawn by miracles
      3. Like no one else they had seen or heard
    3. Multitude's concerns
      1. What does He say about the Law of Moses?
      2. Warnings about prophets and dreamers of dreams (see Deuteronomy 13)
      3. His reputation
        1. Worker of miracles
        2. Spokesperson of God
        3. "Friend of tax collectors and sinners" (Matthew 11:19)
        4. Religious elite didn't like Him; He didn't always say kind things about them either
  2. Law and Prophets
    1. "Do not think that I came to destroy the Law or the Prophets. I did not come to destroy but to fulfill" (v. 17)
      1. Entire Old Testament: Genesis-Malachi
      2. Formally 3 sections
        1. תורה; Torah: Law
        2. נביאים; Nebhim: Prophets
        3. כתביו;Kethubhim: Writings
      3. תַּנַ"ךְ; Tenakh; Scriptures
      4. Jesus came to fulfill
        1. Requirements of the Law of Moses
          1. Only One able to keep the Law
          2. Bringing in the New Covenant predicted by the prophets (See Jeremiah 31, Jeremiah 33)
        2. Center of Scriptures: Theme
          1. "You search the Scriptures, for in them you think you have eternal life; and these are they which testify of Me." (John 5:39)
          2. "For if you believed Moses, you would believe Me; for he wrote about Me." (John 5:46)
          3. "And beginning at Moses and all the Prophets, He expounded to them in all the Scriptures the things concerning Himself." (Luke 24:27)
    2. "For assuredly, I say to you, till heaven and earth pass away, one jot or one tittle will by no means pass from the law till all is fulfilled." (v. 18)
      1. For assuredly
        1. Verily, verily
        2. ἀμὴν, ἀμὴν : amen, amen
        3. Solemnity, gravity
      2. Jot
        1. י    ; yodh; tenth letter of Hebrew alphabet
        2. Smallest letter
      3. Tittle: pen stroke; the extension of a letter
      4. God's Word is Eternal; inspired to the smallest letter
    3. "Jesus answered them, "Many good works I have shown you from My Father. For which of those works do you stone Me?" The Jews answered Him, saying, "For a good work we do not stone You, but for blasphemy, and because You, being a Man, make Yourself God." Jesus answered them, "Is it not written in your law, 'I said, "You are gods" '? If He called them gods, to whom the word of God came (and the Scripture cannot be broken)," (John 10:32-35)
      1. Trust Jesus: all God's Word
      2. Reliable: cannot be broken
      3. Whatever is written, God is big enough to preserve
  3. Our high esteem of Scripture
    1. Accurate Transmission: Centuries of copying has not marred the message of the Bible
      1. 5750 manuscripts of the New Testament
      2. 24,000 fragments
      3. Dead Sea Scrolls
        1. Discovered in 1947 in Qumran
        2. Copy of the Old Testament 1000 years older ( 150 BC) than previous oldest copy (900 AD)
        3. No mistakes
        4. Virtually identical
        5. Few punctuation and spelling differences
      4. Scribes
        1. Training began at age 14; completed at 40
        2. Process
          1. Material prepared
          2. 37 letters per line
          3. Distance between letters and spacing exact
          4. Visually confirmed
          5. If errors, torn up
    2. Reliable History
      1. Real people
      2. Real events
      3. William Ramsay, who tried to disproved Luke, conceded one of the greatest historians in antiquity
      4. Pool of Bethesda: discovered
      5. Pontius Pilate: no record until Caesarea: inscription "Governor of Judea"
    3. Unified Message
      1. 66 books
      2. 1600 years
      3. 40 authors
      4. 3 continents
      5. 3 languages
      6. Varied backgrounds
      7. Controversial subjects
      8. All agree
    4. Prophecy: events predicted centuries before they happened
      1. 400 year captivity of Abraham by Egypt
      2. 70 year captivity of Judeans by Babylonians
      3. Cyrus 200 years before birth (See Isaiah 45)
      4. Messianic prophecies
  4. "Whoever therefore breaks one of the least of these commandments, and teaches men so, shall be called least in the kingdom of heaven; but whoever does and teaches them, he shall be called great in the kingdom of heaven." (v. 19)
    1. Someone you influence? Mentor? Train to obey? Spiritual catalyst?
    2. All are called to do and teach
      1. Father? Lead family
      2. Mother? Train children
      3. Employer? Influence employees
  5. "For I say to you, that unless your righteousness exceeds the righteousness of the scribes and Pharisees, you will by no means enter the kingdom of heaven." (v. 20)
    1. Saying at that time: "If only two people go to heaven, one will be a scribe and the other a Pharisee."
    2. Crème de la crème of religious person
    3. How can anyone get to heaven? What is enough? How good is good enough?
      1. "Poor in spirit" (Matthew 5:3)
      2. Realize we are not good enough
      3. Not what I give God, but what He gives me!
    4. Only two basic approaches to God
      1. Human achievement
        1. What you do for God
        2. Works
      2. Divine accomplishment
        1. What God does for you
        2. Grace
        3. His finished work
        4. Paul: "Though I also might have confidence in the flesh. If anyone else thinks he may have confidence in the flesh, I more so: circumcised the eighth day, of the stock of Israel, of the tribe of Benjamin, a Hebrew of the Hebrews; concerning the law, a Pharisee; concerning zeal, persecuting the church; concerning the righteousness which is in the law, blameless. But what things were gain to me, these I have counted loss for Christ. Yet indeed I also count all things loss for the excellence of the knowledge of Christ Jesus my Lord, for whom I have suffered the loss of all things, and count them as rubbish, that I may gain Christ  and be found in Him, not having my own righteousness, which is from the law, but that which is through faith in Christ, the righteousness which is from God by faith;" (Philippians 3:4-9)
  6. Jesus' Comparative Statements: What they've heard vs. what Jesus declares as truth; illustrates true righteousness and strips self righteousness
    1. Concerning Murder
      1. Sixth commandment: "You shall not murder" (Exodus 20:13)
      2. Obedience is not merely outward action, but inward attitude
      3. Hatred as murder: Jesus strips away the veneer of action; goes to the heart
      4. Jesus agrees with the command; disagrees with the definition of murder
        1. Defined as an attitude
        2. Raca-
          1. Aramaic
          2. Refers to an imbecile, idiot
          3. Insult to intelligence
        3. You fool
          1. Μωρός; moros - (moron): stupid, foolish
          2. Spite toward another
        4. The attitude that could cause you to take a life
      5. "Therefore if you bring your gift to the altar, and there remember that your brother has something against you, leave your gift there before the altar, and go your way. First be reconciled to your brother, and then come and offer your gift." (v. 23-24)
        1. Don't just come
        2. Go reconcile, then come
        3. Shortest distance between two points not always a straight line, spiritually
        4. Quickly
          1. "'Be angry, and do not sin': do not let the sun go down on your wrath, ()
          2. Within 24 hours
          3. Clear accounts daily
        5. If you refuse to reconcile, you put yourself in a prison
    2. Concerning Adultery
      1. Seventh commandment
      2. Sanctity of relationships
      3. Problem begins in the heart
        1. Heart is the soil where the seed of sin grows
        2. Adultery begins with lust
          1. Men especially are visually stimulated
          2. David's glance became a gaze
          3. Looks: present participle
      4. "If your right eye causes you to sin, pluck it out and cast it from you; for it is more profitable for you that one of your members perish, than for your whole body to be cast into hell. And if your right hand causes you to sin, cut it off and cast it from you; for it is more profitable for you that one of your members perish, than for your whole body to be cast into hell." (vv. 29-30)
        1. Shock is the intended effect
        2. Shock the reaction we should have to sin
        3. Figurative:
          1. Early church father Origin was castrated to deal with lust
          2. Right hand is the best: arm of strength
          3. Anything in life that causes sin (even if it is precious to you) must be cut out of your life
      5. Joseph fled from Potiphar's wife
    3. Concerning Divorce
      1. Jews hated divorce
      2. God hates divorce (see Malachi 2:16)
      3. Women had no rights in Judaism 2000 years ago
      4. "When a man takes a wife and marries her, and it happens that she finds no favor in his eyes because he has found some uncleanness in her, and he writes her a certificate of divorce, puts it in her hand, and sends her out of his house, when she has departed from his house, and goes and becomes another man's wife, if the latter husband detests her and writes her a certificate of divorce, puts it in her hand, and sends her out of his house, or if the latter husband dies who took her as his wife, then her former husband who divorced her must not take her back to be his wife after she has been defiled; for that is an abomination before the Lord, and you shall not bring sin on the land which the Lord your God is giving you as an inheritance." (Deuteronomy 24:1-4)
        1. Rabbis interpreted this differently: some conservative, some liberal
        2. Rabbi Shammai: uncleanness was adultery
        3. Rabbi Hillel: spoiled dinner, head uncovered, speak to a man in public, brawling, speak ill of husband's parents
        4. Rabbi Akiba: find a woman more attractive than your wife
      5. Jesus said they were perpetuating adultery
      6. Only cause for divorce: Πορνεία; porneia- every kind of illicit sexual intercourse

Hebrew Terms: תורה: Torah-Law; נביאים; Nebhim-Prophets; כתביו; Kethubhim-Writings; תַּנַ"ךְ ‎; Tenakh-Scriptures; י ; yodh-tenth letter of Hebrew alphabet
Greek Terms: ἀμὴν, ἀμὴν: amen, amen; Μωρός; moros - (moron):stupid, foolish; Πορνεία; porneia- every kind of illicit sexual intercourse
Figures Referenced: William Ramsay; Rabbi Shammai; Rabbi Hillel; Rabbi Akiba
Cross References: Exodus 20:13; Deuteronomy 13; Deuteronomy 24:1-4; Isaiah 45; Jeremiah 31; Jeremiah 33; Matthew 5:3; Matthew 11:19; Luke 24:27; John 5:39; John 5:46; John 10:32-35; Ephesians 4:26; Philippians 3:4-9

Topic: Sermon on the Mount

Keywords: reliability of the Scriptures, righteousness, murder, adultery, divorce, grace

 


 

SERIES: 40 Matthew - 2011
MESSAGE: Matthew 5:33-6:8
SPEAKER: Skip Heitzig
SCRIPTURE: Matthew 5:33-6:8
URL: http://SkipHeitzig.com/975

MESSAGE SUMMARY
As we continue our study of the Sermon on the Mount, we'll grow in our understanding of the contrasts between the world and the kingdom of heaven. Followers of Jesus are called to a righteousness that exceeds that of the scribes and the Pharisees—a righteousness based on our genuine relationship with Christ, rather than mere outward obedience.

DETAILED NOTES

  1. Introduction
    1. The kingdom of God is diametrically opposed to the world's system
      1. Beatitudes (see Matthew 5:3-12)
      2. Beatitudes of the world: "Happy are the 'pushers': for they get on in the world.
        Happy are the hard-boiled: for they never let life hurt them.
        Happy are they who complain: for they get their own way in the end.
        Happy are the blasé: for they never worry over their sins.
        Happy are the slave drivers: for they get results.
        Happy are the knowledgeable men of the world: for they know their way around.
        Happy are the troublemakers: for they make people take notice of them."--J.B. Phillips
      3. Every paragraph of this Mountain of a Sermon draws contrast with the world
    2. Principle: "Unless your righteousness exceeds the righteousness of the scribes and Pharisees, you will by no means enter the kingdom of heaven." (Matthew 5:20)
    3. Jesus contrasts what they've heard with what He declares as truth
      1. Concerning murder (see Matthew 5:21-26)
      2. Concerning adultery (see Matthew 5:27-30)
      3. Concerning divorce (see Matthew 5:31-32)
  2. Continued contrasts between what they've seen and what Jesus declares as truth
    1. Concerning promises (vv. 33-37)
      1. Human nature to be dishonest
        1. We authenticate what is said by an oath or contract
        2. Reinforce what is said by promises made
      2. God never told them to make oaths, but to keep promises they did make
      3. Oaths common: by my life, by my head
      4. Types of oaths
        1. When the name of God included: absolutely binding
        2. Without the name of God, less binding
      5. Cannot keep God out of the transaction
        1. Heaven - God's home
        2. Earth - God's footstool
        3. Jerusalem - God's city
        4. Head/hair/self - God's creation
      6. When you say yes, mean it
      7. "A closed mouth gathers no feet"
    2. Concerning Revenge
      1. "You have heard that it was said, 'An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth.' "(v.38)
        1. See Exodus 21:24; Leviticus 24:20
        2. Misunderstood as vengeful
        3. Limits vengeance
        4. Lex Talionis
          1. Exact retribution
          2. Punishment matches the crime
          3. Public crimes, enforced by the government
        5. Revenge
          1. Human nature
          2. "If Cain shall be avenged sevenfold, then Lamech seventy-sevenfold." (Genesis 4:24)
      2. "Do not resist an evil person. If someone strikes you on the right cheek, turn to him the other also." (v. 39)
        1. Seen as weakness by the world
        2. Personal
          1. If you hurt me, I am to forgive
          2. God says, "Vengeance is Mine" (Romans 12:19)
        3. Some use this to explain pacifism
          1. "War and Peace" Leo Tolstoy
          2. Eliminate police, military, court systems
          3. Dispel any show of force
        4. Courts and law protect the innocent
        5. Show of force: Jesus drove out those buying and selling in the temple (See John 2:13-16)
    3. Concerning  love and hate
      1. "You have heard that it was said, 'You shall love your neighbor and hate your enemy.'" (v. 43)
        1. The Bible doesn't say, "Hate your enemies"
        2. "Do I not hate them, O Lord, who hate You? And do I not loathe those who rise up against You?" (Psalm 139:21) (David said this)
        3. Pharisees perverted the law: made hatred of non-Jews a commandment
          1. Wrapped robes around them to not brush up against gentiles
          2. Saying that Gentiles were created by God to fuel the fires of hell
      2. "But I say to you, love your enemies, bless those who curse you, do good to those who hate you, and pray for those who spitefully use you and persecute you," (v. 44)
        1. It's hard to hate someone you pray for
          1. Heaviest weight for you to carry is a pack of grudges
          2. When you have negative thoughts, ask God to bless them
        2. If you can't love them otherwise, love them as an enemy
      3. "For if you love those who love you, what reward have you? Do not even the tax collectors do the same?" (v. 46): Anyone can love those who love them
      4. "Therefore you shall be perfect, just as your Father in heaven is perfect." (v. 48)
        1. Τέλειος; teleios - completed, mature, reach a goal, fulfill a purpose you were made to fulfill
        2. Do you want to be a mature Christian?
        3. You reach the mark when you love your enemies
        4. Carlos Ortiz: "There was a young man in my former denomination who became my enemy some time ago. He said that I was not being faithful to the church. Eventually he started to hate me. During one of the conventions I went to him and said, 'Hello. How are you?' and I gave him a big hug.  'Don't hug me,' he growled. 'Well, I love you,' I replied.  'You cannot love me because I am your enemy.' He was almost shouting. 'Praise the Lord', I said. 'I didn't know you were my enemy, but here is an opportunity for me to love my enemies. Thank You, Jesus, for my precious enemy.'  You know something. One year later I was preaching in his church."
  3. What you see concerning Scribes and Pharisees
    1. Hypocrites
      1. υποκριτής; hupokrités- stage actor, pretender
      2. Uses the term three times
        1. "When you do a charitable deed, do not sound a trumpet before you as the hypocrites do"  (v. 2)
        2. "And when you pray, you shall not be like the hypocrites." (v. 5)
        3. "When you fast, do not be like the hypocrites," (v. 16)
      3. How dare you say what you say, when you live what you live?
    2. Be Genuine
      1. Good deeds
        1. Charitable alms a sacred duty
        2. Take heed!
          1. When you do something good, there is a danger in it
          2. The public arena is dangerous because the flesh loves to be admired
          3. Motivation is important
        3. "Take heed that you do not do your charitable deeds before men, to be seen by them." (v.1)
          1. Θεάομαι; theaomai - to gaze at, to study, to command attention (theater)
          2. Lose your reward in heaven
          3. Get a reward now from men or wait and let God reward you
          4. If you do something to be seen by men, God owes you nothing
        4. "That your charitable deed may be in secret" (v. 4)
          1. "So let each one give as he purposes in his heart, not grudgingly or of necessity; for God loves a cheerful giver." (2 Corinthians 9:7)
          2. Give hilariously
      2. Prayer
        1. Hypocrites love to pray
          1. Not love prayer
          2. Not love God
          3. Love themselves and how they sound
          4. "Two men went up to the temple to pray, one a Pharisee and the other a tax collector. The Pharisee stood and prayed thus with himself, 'God, I thank You that I am not like other men--extortioners, unjust, adulterers, or even as this tax collector. I fast twice a week; I give tithes of all that I possess.'  And the tax collector, standing afar off, would not so much as raise his eyes to heaven, but beat his breast, saying, 'God, be merciful to me a sinner!'  I tell you, this man went down to his house justified rather than the other; for everyone who exalts himself will be humbled, and he who humbles himself will be exalted." (Luke 18:10-14)
          5. Love the attention they get
          6. Stand in the synagogue
          7. Corners of the street; large intersection where crowd would be
        2. "But you, when you pray, go into your room, and when you have shut your door, pray to your Father who is in the secret place; and your Father who sees in secret will reward you openly." (v. 6)
          1. Not to say you can't pray publicly (e.g., see John 17)
          2. Public prayer is the outflow of private prayer
          3. Secret place
            1. Quiet time
            2. Focus on God and what He is saying to you
            3. After the resurrection, when the doors were shut, Jesus appeared (see John 20:19)
        3. Do not use vain repetitions
          1. Phillip's translation: "Don't rattle off long prayers."
          2. Not the longer it is the better it is
            1. Famous prayer uses 16 adjectives before the name God
            2. Scottish choir lady: "Just call Him Father, and ask Him for something!"
            3. Compare the prophets of Baal in 1 Kings 18 to Elijah
              1. Elijah prayed to the true God
              2. He's praying from the heart
              3. Idea that they must persuade their gods
        4. Your Father
          1. Intimate relationship
          2. He knows what you need

Figures Referenced: J. B. Phillips, Carlos Ortiz
Greek Terms: υποκριτής; hupokrités- stage actor, pretender; Θεάομαι; theaomai - to gaze at, to study, to command attention
Cross References: Genesis 4:24; Exodus 21:24; Leviticus 24:20; 1 Kings 18; Psalm 139:21; Matthew 5:3-12; Matthew 5:20-32; Matthew 6:16; Luke 18:10-14; John 2:13-16; John 17; John 20:19; Romans 12:19; 2 Corinthians 9:7

Topic: Sermon on the Mount

Keywords: righteousness, hypocrisy, hypocrites, Pharisees, revenge, prayer, good deeds, giving

 


 

SERIES: 40 Matthew - 2011
MESSAGE: Matthew 6:9-34
SPEAKER: Skip Heitzig
SCRIPTURE: Matthew 6:9-34
URL: http://SkipHeitzig.com/977

MESSAGE SUMMARY
Jesus taught His disciples to pray in this manner: "Your kingdom come. Your will be done on earth as it is in heaven" (Matthew 6:10). As we continue our study of the Sermon on the Mount, we learn that when we make God's kingdom our focus, He provides everything we need.

STUDY GUIDE
Matthew 6:16-34
But seek first the kingdom of God and His righteousness, and all these things shall be added to you. Matthew 6:33

PRAYER: Father, please teach me not to worry. As I study Matthew 6:16-34, please show me how much You care about all my needs.
Journal your prayer here:




PREVIEW: In Matthew 6:16-34, Jesus teaches His disciples about fasting and about how intimately God cares for their every need. We’ll learn how much God cares about what we do in secret. Apprehending these truths will help us make His kingdom and His righteousness our priority.

Matthew 6:16-34 Outline:
Fasting – Read Matthew 6:16-18
Wealth - Read Matthew 6:19-34
1. In this week’s text, Jesus again refers to hypocrites. What is the meaning of hypocrite? (See previous study guide.)







Fasting – Read Matthew 6:16-18
2. Jesus gave His disciples instruction on the discipline of fasting (v. 16-17). What can we infer from Jesus’ repeated statement “when you fast”?




3. When Jesus’ disciples fasted, they were to not be like the hypocrites in their fasting. What specific hypocritical actions were they not to emulate?


4. PROPOUND: How do you think the hypocrites “disfigured their faces” to appear to be fasting? (See Matthew 6:16.)


5. When Jesus’ disciple fasted, what specific actions were they to take and why (vv. 17-18)?




6. When fasting is done as Jesus instructs, what is the benefit (v.18)?




7. They hypocrites gave (Matthew 6:2), prayed (Matthew 6:5), and fasted (v. 16) to be seen by others. What did they receive for doing these good works in the manner that they performed them?




8. When we give, pray, and fast, how are we to do these good works?




9. PROMOTE: Jesus didn’t want His disciples to give, fast, and pray to be seen by others, like the hypocrites. In Matthew 5:16, He said, “Let your light so shine before men, that they may see your good works and glorify your Father in heaven.” What’s the difference?




10. What will be the results of doing these good works in the manner that Jesus specified (vv. 4, 6, 18)?




11. PROTECT: Jesus said three times, “God sees in secret” (Matthew 6:4, 6,18). Give some thought to what this means and how it should affect your life.


Wealth – Read Matthew 6:19-34
12. Jesus says that we should not treasure treasures, specifically temporal treasures of this earth. How does He describe the temporality of these treasures (v. 19)?






13. Instead of laying up earthly treasures, where should we strive to store up treasure for ourselves?




14. PROPOUND: What is Jesus implying by saying, “Where neither moth nor rust destroys and where thieves do not break in and steal?”




15. PRODUCE: Describe how we can store up treasures in heaven. (See Matthew 10:42, Luke 14:12-14, 1 Corinthians 3:14, and Philippians 4:10-20.)




16. If the things we treasure are here on earth, where will our heart be? If we treasure things above, where will our heart be (v. 21)? (See also Colossians 3:1-4.)




17. PROCEED: Jesus commanded His disciples to “lay up for yourselves treasures in heaven.” What can we infer from the fact that the word treasures is plural (v. 20)? Be prepared to share your answer with the group.






18. Jesus said, “The lamp of the body is the eye” (v. 22). Describe what our body will be like if our eye is good, and if it is bad.




19. PROPOUND: In Matthew 6:22, Jesus said the “eye” is the lamp of the body—not “eyes.” Why?






20. Jesus said that no one could serve two masters (v. 24). What masters did He specifically refer to, and what attitude(s) would a person with two masters have? (See also Matthew 13:22.)






21. PROPOUND: What can be learned from Jesus’ statement, “No one can serve two masters”?




22. Jesus told His disciples not to worry about their life (v. 25). What specific things did He say not to worry about (v. 25)?






23. What do the birds of the air not do? What happens to them despite the lack of these actions (v.26)? (See also Matthew 10:29.)




24. PROPOUND: Regarding the birds of the air (Mt. 6:26), Jesus refers to “your heavenly Father,” not “their heavenly Father.” Why?




25. PROPOUND: Answer the question Jesus asks (v. 27): “Which of you by worrying can add one cubit to his stature?”




26. What do the lilies of the field not do (v. 28)? Despite the lack of these actions, what do the lilies and grass of the field receive from God?






27. The things Jesus said not to worry about are essential to life. Why should Jesus’ disciples not worry about these crucial things (v. 31-32)?








28. Instead of worrying about these important things, what two specific things does Jesus instruct His disciples to do (v. 33)?






29. PRACTICE: What does it mean to seek first the kingdom of God (Matthew 6:33)?






30. PROCLAIM: In addition to seeking first the kingdom of God, true disciples are to seek first His righteousness (Matthew 6:33). What does this mean?






31. What are the results of doing these things (v. 33)?






32. PROPOUND: Will God "add all these things unto you" just because you are His disciple? If not, what's required of you?




33. Why are Jesus’ disciples not to worry about tomorrow (v. 34)?




34. PROPOUND: What does “sufficient for the day is its own trouble” mean?




PROCESS: Take some time to review what you’ve learned about God’s intimate care for your needs, and how you ought to focus on His kingdom and righteousness. Be prepared to share your insights with the group.
PRAY: Father, please help me to trust You for all my needs, and help me to seek first Your kingdom and Your righteousness in my life.
Journal your prayer here:


DETAILED NOTES

  1. Introduction
    1. "Those who preach by the yard but practice by the inch should be dealt with by the foot."
      1. Jesus seems to agree with that axiom
      2. "For I say to you, that unless your righteousness exceeds the righteousness of the scribes and Pharisees, you will by no means enter the kingdom of heaven." (Matthew 5:20)
      3. Matthew 6 provides examples of what the scribes and Pharisees were doing that the people could see.
    2. Theme: Down with hypocrisy, up with integrity
      1. As if Jesus saying, "How dare you live like you live when you say what you say?
      2. Areas addressed
        1. Prayer life
        2. Fasting
        3. Giving
    3. Most every believer desires an effective, deeper, more intimate relationship with God through prayer
      1. We believe prayer works and is powerful, but when it comes to doing it, it's another story
      2. "The spirit indeed is willing, but the flesh is weak." (Matthew 26:41)
      3. Some African converts taught to do daily devotions every morning: go into woods and create a pathway in the grass
        1. You could tell whether they were faithful to do devotions by the grass in their path
        2. "Grass is growing in your path, brother."
      4. Is grass growing in your path?
      5. Are you more sporadic than diligent?
    4. "And when you pray, you shall not be like the hypocrites. For they love to pray standing in the synagogues and on the corners of the streets, that they may be seen by men. Assuredly, I say to you, they have their reward. But you, when you pray, go into your room, and when you have shut your door, pray to your Father who is in the secret place; and your Father who sees in secret will reward you openly. And when you pray, do not use vain repetitions as the heathen do. For they think that they will be heard for their many words.  Therefore do not be like them. For your Father knows the things you have need of before you ask Him." (Matthew 6:5-8)
    5. 57% of Americans say they pray every day
      1. Programming
        1. "Now I lay me down to sleep. I pray the Lord my soul to keep."
        2. Our Father
      2. Guilt (not love or faith)
      3. Emergency (like a spare tire)
      4. Prayer should be deep, wonderful, fun
  2. The Lord's Prayer
    1. Better called The Disciples' Prayer
      1. He taught his disciples to pray this way
      2. Not a prayer Jesus recited
      3. Jesus' prayer is recorded in John 17
      4. Parallel passage Luke 11
        1. Same prayer in a different context
        2. Here a public setting: The Sermon on the Mount
        3. "Lord, teach us to pray" (Luke 11:1)
        4. Not: "Teach us a prayer."
      5. Not a prayer to memorize and recite
      6. A template
        1. "In this manner" (v. 9)
        2. An outline
    2. Two parts: Deal with God, then with us
      1. We are out of balance when we talk to God about our needs first
      2. Best way to pray is to begin with God and work toward yourself
      3. "I" problem
        1. I need...
        2. I want...
      4. Communication
        1. A baby's communication is limited
        2. It develops, advances (I want, give me, no!)
        3. As you grow, your communication develops (I love you, I appreciate you)
      5. Prayer is like that communication
    3. Perspective
      1. Who you are talking to: Our father in heaven
        1. Realize whom you talk to and where He sits
        2. Heaven is His vantage point: He sees what we don't
        3. Knows what we don't
        4. Consider your relationship with Him
        5. He has all the resources needed
        6. "So when they heard that, they raised their voice to God with one accord and said: 'Lord, You are God, who made heaven and earth and the sea, and all that is in them,'" (Acts 4:24)
          1. Prayed boldly because they prayed with perspective
          2. The place they were was shaken (see Acts 4:31)
    4. Praise "Hallowed be Your name"
      1. I praise your name
      2. Your name is most awesome
      3. You are holy, righteous
      4. Ascribing worth and praise to God
    5. Prayer for the kingdom "Your kingdom come"
      1. Future kingdom
        1. Jesus return to earth: See Revelation 11
        2. "The kingdoms of this world have become the kingdoms of our Lord and of His Christ, and He shall reign forever and ever!" (Revelation 11:15)
        3. When the tribulation has ended, the second coming is imminent, and the millennial reign is right around the corner.
      2. Personal reign in our lives
        1. Is He the authority in your life?
        2. "I want to be a part of that kingdom. I'm Your slave, Your servant."
        3. A true Christian has undergone a kingdom shift: from focus on the temporal to God's kingdom
        4. "Seek first the kingdom of God and His righteousness, and all these things shall be added to you." (v. 33)
        5. His will accomplished in me; not my will accomplished in heaven.
    6. About Us
      1. "Give us this day our daily bread." (v. 11)
        1. Never outgrow our dependence on God
        2. Daily acknowledgement that the resources we enjoy are God-given
        3. God promises to take care of your needs
          1. Not your greed
          2. "And having food and clothing, with these we shall be content." (1 Timothy 6:8)
      2. "And forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors. (v.12)
        1. Jesus intertwined vertical forgiveness with horizontal forgiveness
        2. With the forgiveness I stand in, I will be generous to overlook faults of others
        3. "And be kind to one another, tenderhearted, forgiving one another, just as God in Christ forgave you." (Ephesians 4:32)
      3. "And do not lead us into temptation, but deliver us from the evil one." (v. 13)
        1. Don't let me be tempted above what I'm able to resist
        2. When we know something is tough we must change the activity
    7. "For Yours is the kingdom and the power and the glory forever. Amen."
      1. The prayer ends like it begins
      2. This portion is not in all translations because it is not included in all of the earliest manuscripts
        1. It doesn't contradict any major truth or doctrine of the bible
        2. Fitting end to the prayer
  3. Forgiveness
    1. You must forgive
      1. "And if he sins against you seven times in a day, and seven times in a day returns to you, saying, 'I repent,' you shall forgive him." (Luke 17:4)
      2. Forgiveness is not optional
    2. The proof that we have been forgiven is that  we are forgiving
      1. Extend what has been extended to us
      2. I forgive because God has forgiven my unpayable debt
      3. "If I regard iniquity in my heart, the Lord will not hear." (Psalm 66:18)
      4. When you hold on to sin, it hinders my relationship to God and my ability to have an effective prayer life
      5. A pack of grudges is the heaviest thing you can carry around in life
    3. Enemies
      1. Pray for them
      2. Forgive them
      3. Love them
    4. It doesn't say, "Feel like it;" It says, "Do it!"
  4. Fasting
    1. Pharisees
      1. Painted faces to look sick, sad, holy
      2. υποκριτής; hupokrités- stage actor, pretender
    2. "When you fast, anoint your head and wash your face," (v. 17)
      1. In church history sadness was acquainted with spirituality
      2. Shouldn't joy mark us?
    3. "When you fast" not if (the norm)
    4. Deliberately withholding physical sustenance to focus on spiritual realities
      1. Appetites become our slave
      2. We aren't slaves to our appetites
      3. A way to deny the flesh and focus on the spiritual
    5. Referenced about 60 times in the Bible
    6. Judaism fasted one day a year: Yom Kippur
      1. "You shall afflict your souls" (Leviticus 23:27)
      2. 1973 Yom Kippur war: Arab neighbors knew Israel was fasting, Egypt and Syria attacked, days later, Israel won
    7. Pharisees fasted twice a week
      1. "I fast twice a week; I give tithes of all that I possess" (Luke 18:12)
      2. Second and fifth day of the week
        1. Biggest market days
        2. Most people would be around
        3. To be seen fasting
  5. Giving: Treasures, finances
    1. Having money is not evil; Being wealthy is not sinful
      1. The Bible never says, "Money is the root of all evil."
      2. "For the love of money is a root of all kinds of evil" (1 Timothy 6:10)
        1. Do anything to get it; serve it; covet it
        2. Can have money and not love it
        3. Can have no money and love it
      3. Abraham: 318 paid staff members
      4. Joseph: may have been second wealthiest in Egypt
      5. Job: "Now the Lord blessed the latter days of Job more than his beginning;" (Job 42:12)
    2. Hoarding
      1. Do not treasure treasures
      2. θησαυρούς; thesaurus - treasury
    3. Treasures in heaven
      1. Use your money now to send treasure ahead to heaven
      2. Use resources for kingdom purposes
    4. Compare King Tutankhamun's grave with Jesus' grave
      1. King Tut
        1. Ornate grave; gold sarcophagus
        2. Belief in the afterlife
        3. Hoarding treasure to take to the afterlife
        4. Entered eternity without his treasure
      2. Jesus
        1. Hewn rock, no body
        2. Life spent on eternal things
        3. Conquered death
        4. Enjoys the treasures of the Father
    5. "The lamp of the body is the eye. If therefore your eye is good, your whole body will be full of light. But if your eye is bad, your whole body will be full of darkness. If therefore the light that is in you is darkness, how great is that darkness!" (vv.22-23)
      1. Argument from lesser to greater
      2. Live in a dark world that is dark; if the darkness originates within you it's greater
      3. Greater darkness to be spiritually blind: when the focus is only on the temporal
      4. What we focus on determines how well we see
        1. Blind when focus is on material
        2. Focus on the spiritual, you see life as it ought to be lived
        3. Keep your eye on the ball!
      5. What is your focus?
    6. "You cannot serve God and mammon." (v. 24)
      1. It's not "What do you own?"—it's "What owns you?"
      2. What is your master passion?
      3. In Roman empire, half of all citizens were slaves
        1. Not part-time slaves
        2. Completely controlled by another will
      4. You cannot be a part-time Christian
      5. μαμωνã; mamonas (Aramaic) riches, money
  6. "Do not worry about your life"
    1. Stop an action that's already going on
    2. "Look at the birds" (v. 26)
      1. Your Father feeds them
      2. Not the bird's Father
        1. God is Creator of Birds
        2. God is Creator and Father of believers
    3. "Which of you by worrying can add one cubit to his stature?" (v. 27)
      1. Cubit is 18 inches
      2. Some translations: length of time instead of stature
        1. "Who of you by worrying can add a single hour to his life ?" (NIV)
        2. "Can all your worries add a single moment to your life? Of course not. (NLT)
        3. Cannot add length to life
        4. Worry will probably shorten life
        5. "Worry affects the circulation, the heart, the glands, the whole nervous system. I have never known a man who died from over work, but many who died from doubt."-- Dr. Charles Mayo
    4. "Why do you worry about clothing?" (v. 28)
    5. What were you worried about exactly one year ago?
    6. Solution: "Seek first the kingdom of God and His righteousness"
      1. Redirect your energy from worrying about your life to working for God's kingdom
        1. Priorities: God, His will, His kingdom
        2. "If you make My kingdom your priority, everything you need will be added to you"
        3. We often seek everything we need and expect God's kingdom to be added to us
      2. "But none of these things move me; nor do I count my life dear to myself, so that I may finish my race with joy, and the ministry which I received from the Lord Jesus, to testify to the gospel of the grace of God." (Acts 20:24)
      3. Blessed is the one who is too busy during the day to worry and too sleepy at night to do the same.
    7. Only unbelievers should be worried

Greek Terms: υποκριτής; hupokrités- stage actor, pretender; θησαυρούς; thesaurus - treasury
Aramaic Terms: μαμωνã; mamonas (Aramaic) riches, money
Figures Referenced: Dr. Charles Mayo
Cross References: Leviticus 23:27; Job 42:12; Psalm 66:18; Matthew 5:20; Matthew 6:5-8; Matthew 26:41; Luke 11; Luke 17:4; Luke 18:12; John 17; Acts 4:24; Acts 4:31; Acts 20:24; Ephesians 4:32; 1 Timothy 6:8; 1 Timothy 6:10; Revelation 11:15

Topic: Sermon on the Mount

Keywords: kingdom, Lord's Prayer, disciple's prayer, provision, worry, needs

 


 

SERIES: 40 Matthew - 2011
MESSAGE: Matthew 7
SPEAKER: Skip Heitzig
SCRIPTURE: Matthew 7
URL: http://SkipHeitzig.com/979

MESSAGE SUMMARY
Jesus calls His followers to live differently from the world -- to live a kingdom lifestyle. In this study from the Sermon on the Mount, we consider what kingdom living looks like in both our relationships with others and our relationship with God.

STUDY GUIDE
Matthew 7:1-12
Judge not, that you be not judged.
Matthew 7:1


PRAYER: Father, please teach me not to judge others. Show me how to ask, seek, and knock, and to apply the golden rule to my life.
Journal your prayer here:










PREVIEW: In Matthew 7:1-12, Jesus teaches His disciples about judging others, persistent prayer, and the Golden Rule.


Matthew 7:1-12 Outline:
Judging – Read Matthew 7:1-6a
“Ask, and It Will Be Given” – Read Matthew 7:7-11a
Golden Rule – Read Matthew 7:12


Judging – Read Matthew 7:1-6
1. In this passage, the word judge carries the meaning of condemning another person (v.1). What does Jesus say will happen to us if we condemn or judge another person? (See also James 2:13.)




2. PROPOUND: Describe the difference between a plank and a speck (see Matthew 7:4).






3. PROPOUND: Are we ever to judge others? (See 1 Corinthians 5:12-13, Romans 14:10, and James 4:11.) If yes, what are we to judge?






4. Romans 8:1 says, “There is therefore now no condemnation to those who are in Christ Jesus…” Who is Jesus referring to? Who will judge or condemn us (v. 2) in equal proportion to what we judge and condemn others?






5. PRODUCE: If we see another Christian sinning, we are not to judge (condemn) them, because we are all sinners. What should we do instead? (See Matthew 18:15-17.)






6. PROPOUND: Once we have removed the plank from our eye (v. 5), we’ll be able to see clearly. Describe what Jesus means by seeing clearly to remove the speck from our brother’s eye.






7. PROCEED: We are commanded by Jesus: “Judge not, that you be not judged” (v. 1). On the other hand, the Bible also exhorts us to beware of evildoers (Philippians 3:2) and false prophets (Matthew 7:15) and to avoid those who practice all kinds of evil (Ephesians 5:11). How can we discern who these people are if we do not make some judgment about them? (See Matthew 7:20, 1 John 3:10, and 3 John 11.)






8. Before we mention an issue we see in another person’s life (v. 4) and say, “Let me remove the speck from your eye,” what should we do (v. 5)?




9. In biblical times, dogs were typically undomesticated and considered despised; swine were on the list of unclean animals (see Deuteronomy 14:8). What do the dogs and swine refer to? (See Proverbs 26:11, Isaiah 56:10-11, Philippians 3:2, and 2 Peter 2:22.)




10. PROCLAIM: What do you think Jesus refers to when he says “what is holy” and “pearls” (v. 6)? (See also Matthew 10:14-15; 15:26, Proverbs 23:9, Acts 13:45-47, and 2 Peter 2:22.)






“Ask, and It Will Be Given” – Read Matthew 7:7-11
11. What are the three imperatives Jesus commands here (v. 7)?




12. What are the promises given by Jesus to those obeying His imperatives?










13. Who are we to ask? (See Psalm 50:15, Jeremiah 29:12, and Matthew 6:8; 21:22.)






14. What are we to seek? (See Psalm 27:8, Proverbs 8:17, and Matthew 6:33.)






15. PRACTICE: What do you think knocking implies (Matthew 7:8)? How is this something we should be doing in our lives? (See Luke 11:5-8 and Luke 18:1-8.)






16. PROTECT: Meditate upon the imperatives Jesus gives His disciples for their prayer life. They express commands to be diligent and persistent in your prayer life. What is your plan for putting this into practice in your life?










17. PROPOUND: In Matthew 7:9, what do you think Jesus was stating?






18. PROPOUND: What did Jesus mean by saying, “If you then, being evil…” (v. 11)?






19. PROPOUND: In Matthew 7:11, what do the “good things” refer to? (See also James 1:5; 17, and Luke 11:13.)






20. PROMOTE: What do you think the answer is to Jesus’ statement: “How much more will your Father who is in heaven give good things to those who ask Him!” (v.11)? Share your answer with the group.








Golden Rule – Read Matthew 7:12
21. This verse is often referred to as the Golden Rule. What does Jesus say we should “do”? (See also Luke 6:31.)




22. When should we “do” to others (v. 12)? Should we be proactive about “doing”?


23. PROPOUND: List some things that you want men to do to you—that you can proactively do first to bless them.




24. What does Jesus mean by “this is the Law and the Prophets” (v.12 )? (See Matthew 22:40, Romans 13:8, Galatians 5:14, and 1 Timothy 1:5.)




PROCESS: Take some time to review the importance of not condemning others, being persistent in your prayer life, and doing to others what you would want done to you. Highlight your key insights to share with the group.
PRAY: Father, please empower me not to be judgmental, to pray persistently, and to do for others what I want them to do for me.
Journal your prayer here:



Engage in the discussion: facebook.com/expoundabq Matthew 7:1-12 | Page 2
Questions? Email them to expound@calvaryabq.org

DETAILED NOTES

  1. Introduction
    1. Four gospels: a four-fold picture of Jesus Christ
      1. Matthew
        1. To the Jews
        2. Jesus the King
        3. "Fulfilled"
        4. What Jesus said
      2. Mark
        1. To the Romans
        2. Jesus the Servant
        3. "Immediately"
        4. What Jesus did
      3. Luke
        1. To the Greeks
        2. Jesus the perfect Man
        3. "Son of Man"
        4. What Jesus felt
      4. John
        1. To the world
        2. "Believe"
        3. Who Jesus was
        4. "These are written that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ" (John 20:31)
    2. Matthew sees Jesus as the center of God's salvation plan
      1. Center of God's kingdom
      2. The Sermon on the Mount: values of kingdom living
      3. Under Jesus the King
  2. "Judge not that you be not judged" (v. 1)
    1. Some falsely interpret that Christians should make no critical evaluation of another
      1. Elijah confronted Ahab and spoke against the false prophets of Baal
      2. Paul spoke against the Judaizers
      3. Jesus commands us to make judgments
        1. "Do not judge according to appearance, but judge with righteous judgment." (John 7:24)
        2. "Brethren, if a man is overtaken in any trespass, you who are spiritual restore such a one in a spirit of gentleness" (Galatians 6:1)
        3. "But even if we, or an angel from heaven, preach any other gospel to you than what we have preached to you, let him be accursed." (Galatians 1:8)
        4. " Do not give what is holy to the dogs; nor cast your pearls before swine" (v. 6)
        5. "Beware of false prophets, who come to you in sheep's clothing, but inwardly they are ravenous wolves." (v. 15)
    2. Κρίνω; krinó; a harsh, self-righteous, hypercritical judgment without all the facts
    3. Reasons we are not to judge
      1. You are not the final judge—God is!
      2. Judgment is a boomerang
        1. "For with what judgment you judge, you will be judged; and with the measure you use, it will be measured back to you." (v. 2)
        2. "Those who live in glass houses shouldn't throw stones"
        3. Haman built gallows to execute Mordecai; he was hung (see Esther 7)
        4. Adoni-bezek ordered thumbs and big toes cut off 70 kings; he lost his (see Judges 1:6-7)
          1. Losing thumbs causes loss of dexterity
          2. Losing toes causes loss of balance
        5. According to some rabbis, God has 2 measures of judgment
          1. Justice
          2. Mercy
          3. Which do you want used on you?
      3. Judgment is hypocrisy
        1. "Why do you look at the speck in your brother's eye, but do not consider the plank in your own eye? Or how can you say to your brother, 'Let me remove the speck from your eye'; and look, a plank is in your own eye? Hypocrite!" (vv. 3-5)
          1. The splinter and the plank are the same substance
          2. We are good at spotting sins in others that we have in our own lives
        2. David and Bathsheba
          1. He committed adultery
          2. Nathan gave a parable of a lamb
  3. The right approach
    1. Be helpful to your brother
      1. "First remove the plank from your own eye, and then you will see clearly to remove the speck from your brother's eye." (v. 5)
        1. Confession of sin
        2. Restoration of others
      2. "Create in me a clean heart, O God, and renew a steadfast spirit within me. Do not cast me away from Your presence, and do not take Your Holy Spirit from me. Restore to me the joy of Your salvation, and uphold me by Your generous Spirit. Then I will teach transgressors Your ways, and sinners shall be converted to You." (Psalm 51:10-13)
    2. Be discerning of your neighbor
      1. "Do not give what is holy to the dogs; nor cast your pearls before swine, lest they trample them under their feet, and turn and tear you in pieces." (v. 6)
        1. Balance to what has already been stated
        2. Dogs carried diseases (like pigs, considered unclean)
        3. People who trample the truth of God underfoot were considered dogs or pigs
      2. Be loving
      3. Be forgiving
      4. Be discerning
        1. Jesus to Herod: "And He said to them, 'Go, tell that fox, 'Behold, I cast out demons and perform cures today and tomorrow, and the third day I shall be perfected.''" (Luke 13:32)
        2. Called Pharisees "brood of vipers"
  4. "Ask, and it will be given to you; seek, and you will find; knock, and it will be opened to you.  For everyone who asks receives, and he who seeks finds, and to him who knocks it will be opened" (vv. 7-8)
    1. Promises are attached to a command
      1. Present active imperative
      2. Ask! - commanded
    2. "Call to Me, and I will answer you, and show you great and mighty things, which you do not know." (Jeremiah 33:3)
    3. God wants to give us good things
      1. Nature and temperament of a parent determines how much a child asks
      2. The way we pray is determined by our view of God
        1. Greeks viewed gods as hostile and vengeful
        2. Jews viewed God as inaccessible
        3. When the veil of the temple was torn; We were given intimate access to the Father
        4. "Let us therefore come boldly to the throne of grace, that we may obtain mercy and find grace to help in time of need." (Hebrews 4:16)
    4. Illustration
      1. "Or what man is there among you who, if his son asks for bread, will give him a stone? Or if he asks for a fish, will he give him a serpent? If you then, being evil, know how to give good gifts to your children, how much more will your Father who is in heaven give good things to those who ask Him!" (vv. 9-11)
      2. God's love for His children demonstrated via answered prayer
      3. Basic selfless relationship: A parent who loves and cares for his children
  5. The Bottom Line: "Therefore, whatever you want men to do to you, do also to them, for this is the Law and the Prophets." (v. 12)
    1. The pinnacle of the Sermon on the Mount
    2. "Therefore" Refers to God's goodness in answering prayer
    3. This kind of love is not found in any other religion of philosophy
      1. Hillel "Don't do that"
      2. Confucius: "Don't do to others what you don't wish done to you"
      3. Stoics: "What you don't want done to you, don't do to anyone else"
      4. All in the negative
      5. Positive "Do to others..."
    4. As receivers of God's blessings, we should be distributors of it
  6. The irreducible minimum: "Enter by the narrow gate; for wide is the gate and broad is the way that leads to destruction, and there are many who go in by it. Because narrow is the gate and difficult is the way which leads to life, and there are few who find it." (vv. 13-14)
    1. Two choices in life
      1. Two gates
      2. Two Roads
      3. Two Destinations
        1. Heaven
        2. Hell
    2. The narrow gate
      1. The command: Enter
      2. Jesus is the narrow gate
        1. Follow me
        2. Not: admire Him
        3. Surrender your life to Him
      3. Few find it
        1. Most people aren't saved
        2. It's so narrow
        3. Poor in Spirit, mourning over sin, (See Matthew 5:3-12)
        4. God wants everyone, but few choose the narrow road
  7. "Beware of false prophets, who come to you in sheep's clothing, but inwardly they are ravenous wolves. You will know them by their fruits. Do men gather grapes from thornbushes or figs from thistles? Even so, every good tree bears good fruit, but a bad tree bears bad fruit. A good tree cannot bear bad fruit, nor can a bad tree bear good fruit. Every tree that does not bear good fruit is cut down and thrown into the fire. Therefore by their fruits you will know them." (vv. 15-20)
    1. Not all roads lead to God! Warnings found throughout Scripture
      1. See Deuteronomy 13
      2. Isaiah warns or prophets who lie
      3. "The prophets prophesy lies in My name. I have not sent them," (Jeremiah 14:14)
      4. "Many will come in My name saying, 'I am the Christ,' and will deceive many." (Matthew 24:5)
      5. "Many false prophets will rise up and deceive many" (Matthew 24:11)
    2. When you preach the truth of the narrow way, false prophets dispute that
    3. False prophets come looking like Christians
      1. Many false prophets define Jesus, Son of God, and salvation differently
      2. Sheep's clothing
        1. Antichrist
        2. Do works in His name
      3. Known by their fruit
        1. Use discernment
        2. Inspect fruit
    4. "Many will say, Lord, Lord"
      1. Say Jesus is Lord, but not submitted to Him
      2. They say the right things, Do not submit to His authority
      3. Have "eternal" language, without having eternal life
      4. Missing a lifestyle
        1. Practice lawlessness
        2. Christians struggle with sin, but not characterized by it
        3. Christian is one to whom sin clings; an unbeliever is one who clings to sin.
      5. Missing a relationship
        1. "I never knew you"
          1. Knows about you
          2. Doesn’t know you intimately as a disciple
        2. How can you know God?
          1. Be born into his family: "Unless one is born again, he cannot see the kingdom of God." (John 3:3)
          2. Turn from sin and turn toward Christ
          3. "But as many as received Him, to them He gave the right to become children of God, to those who believe in His name:" (John 1:12)
  8.  "Therefore whoever hears these sayings of Mine, and does them, I will liken him to a wise man who built his house on the rock: and the rain descended, the floods came, and the winds blew and beat on that house; and it did not fall, for it was founded on the rock. But everyone who hears these sayings of Mine, and does not do them, will be like a foolish man who built his house on the sand: and the rain descended, the floods came, and the winds blew and beat on that house; and it fell. And great was its fall." (vv. 24-27)
    1. Look at the House
      1. Both look alike outwardly
      2. Cannot tell outwardly a true believer from a false one
    2. Look under the house
      1. Foundation of rock or shifting sand
      2. Is your life built on the foundation of the Master Architect?
    3. Look ahead
      1. Storms of life are coming
      2. They sift out true from the false
      3. Biggest storm is the future judgment

Greek terms: Κρίνω; krinó; a harsh, self-righteous, hypercritical judgment
Cross references: Judges 1:6-7; Esther 7; Psalm 51:10-13; Jeremiah 14:14; Jeremiah 33:3; Matthew 5:3-12; Matthew 24:5; Matthew 24:11; Luke 13:32; John 1:12; John 3:3; John 7:24; John 20:31; Galatians 1:8; Galatians 6:1; Hebrews 4:16

Topic: Sermon on the Mount

Keywords: judge, judgment, prayer, promises, ask, seek, knock, golden rule

 


 

SERIES: 40 Matthew - 2011
MESSAGE: Matthew 8:1-26
SPEAKER: Skip Heitzig
SCRIPTURE: Matthew 8:1-26
URL: http://SkipHeitzig.com/984

MESSAGE SUMMARY
Throughout his gospel account, Matthew presents Jesus as the Messiah. Building upon the foundation of fulfilled prophecy, Jesus' identity is authenticated by miraculous signs. As we examine Matthew chapter eight, let's consider the compassion and grace Jesus demonstrates.

STUDY GUIDE
Matthew 8
That it might be fulfilled which was spoken by Isaiah the prophet, saying: “He Himself took our infirmities And bore our sicknesses.” Matthew 8:17
PRAYER: Father, as I study Matthew 8 and see Jesus doing miracles that authenticate Him as the Messiah, please help me see Him more clearly.
Journal your prayer here:




PREVIEW: In Matthew 8, we begin to see Jesus’ power as He performs miracles authenticating Him as the Messiah.
Matthew 8 Outline:
The Leper Is Cleansed - Read Matthew 8:1-4
The Centurion’s Servant Is Healed - Read Matthew 8:5-13
Peter’s Mother-in-Law Is Healed – Read Matthew 8:14-17
Demands of Discipleship – Read Matthew 8:18-22
The Sea Is Stilled – Read Matthew 8:23-27
Demons Are Cast into Swine - Read Matthew 8:28-34


One of Matthew’s goals in writing his gospel was to demonstrate that Jesus is the Messiah. In chapters 1-4, we saw Jesus’ person: He is the Heir to the throne of Israel both racially (by being a son of Abraham) and royally (by being a son of King David). In chapters 5-7, we saw Jesus’ principles as He taught His disciples the principles of living the kingdom lifestyle. Now in chapters 8-9 Jesus comes down from the mountain and begins to demonstrate His power by doing miracles that authenticate that He is indeed the Messiah.
The Leper Is Cleansed - Read Matthew 8:1-4
Matthew 8:1–4
1 When He had come down from the mountain, great multitudes followed Him.
2 And behold, a leper came and worshiped Him, saying, “Lord, if You are willing, You can make me clean.”
3 Then Jesus put out His hand and touched him, saying, “I am willing; be cleansed.” Immediately his leprosy was cleansed.
4 And Jesus said to him, “See that you tell no one; but go your way, show yourself to the priest, and offer the gift that Moses commanded, as a testimony to them.”
1. As Jesus came down from the mountain, great multitudes followed Him (v. 1). He demonstrated His power by performing miracles that authenticate who He is. Review Isaiah 29:18 and 35:4-6 and list some of the miracles foretold of the coming Messiah.








Types or models are often used throughout Scripture to illustrate points. In the Bible, leprosy is a type of sin: loathsome, spreading, and incurable, gradually rotting away the flesh, slowly deadening the nerve endings, and eventually leading to death (See Isaiah 1:5-6).






2. What did the leper do as he approached Jesus (v. 2)? (See also Matthew 9:18; 15:25, and John 9:38 for similar responses.)






3. PRODUCE: What action did the leper take when asking to be made clean by Jesus? How do we need to do the same?






4. The rabbis strongly believed that leprosy was a direct judgment from God. In fact, the word leprosy means “smitten.” Lepers were excluded from the community and were required to cry, “Unclean! Unclean!” as others approached them (see Leviticus 13:45-46). What did Jesus do to the leper (v. 3)?




5. What did Jesus say to the leper (v. 3)?




6. What did Jesus do for the leper (v. 3)?




7. Jesus instructed the leper to go and show himself to the priest and offer the gift that Moses commanded. What was that gift? (See Leviticus 14:3-20)




8. PROPOUND: It is likely that the priest the leper went to visit had never seen anyone cleansed of leprosy. What did Jesus say the gift Moses commanded was for (v. 4)?




Jesus pointed to authenticating miracles like the healing of lepers as evidence that would prove to John the Baptist that He is indeed the Messiah, the One that John was looking for (see Matthew 11:2-5).


For an additional example of Jesus healing lepers and their responses, see Christ Cleanses Ten Lepers – Luke 17:11-19.



The Centurion’s Servant Is Healed - Read Matthew 8:5-13
Matthew 8:5–13 (NKJV)
5 Now when Jesus had entered Capernaum, a centurion came to Him, pleading with Him,
6 saying, “Lord, my servant is lying at home paralyzed, dreadfully tormented.”
7 And Jesus said to him, “I will come and heal him.”
8 The centurion answered and said, “Lord, I am not worthy that You should come under my roof. But only speak a word, and my servant will be healed.
9 For I also am a man under authority, having soldiers under me. And I say to this one, ‘Go,’ and he goes; and to another, ‘Come,’ and he comes; and to my servant, ‘Do this,’ and he does it.”
10 When Jesus heard it, He marveled, and said to those who followed, “Assuredly, I say to you, I have not found such great faith, not even in Israel!
11 And I say to you that many will come from east and west, and sit down with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob in the kingdom of heaven.
12 But the sons of the kingdom will be cast out into outer darkness. There will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.”
13 Then Jesus said to the centurion, “Go your way; and as you have believed, so let it be done for you.” And his servant was healed that same hour.
For a more detailed account of the Centurion’s faith, read Luke 7:1-10.


9. As Jesus entered Capernaum, a centurion pled with Him. What did he plead for (v. 6)?






10. What was Jesus’ response to the centurion’s pleading (v. 7)?






11. PRACTICE: Why should we—like the centurion—plead with Jesus (Matthew 8:5)? (See Matthew 7:7-8.)




12. When the centurion became aware of Jesus’ response, what was his attitude (v. 8-9)?




13. When Jesus heard the response of the centurion, He marveled (v. 10). Why did the centurion’s response cause Jesus to marvel (vv. 10-12)?








14. The Bible records one other time that Jesus marveled. In Mark 6:6, what caused Him to marvel?




15. Jesus’ answer to the centurion encourages us to believe in what we ask Him. What was Jesus response to the centurion’s faith (v. 13)? (See also Matthew 9:29; 15:28 and Mark 9:23.)






Peter’s Mother-in-Law Is Healed - Read Matthew 8:14-17
Matthew 8:14–17 (NKJV)
14 Now when Jesus had come into Peter’s house, He saw his wife’s mother lying sick with a fever.
15 So He touched her hand, and the fever left her. And she arose and served them.
16 When evening had come, they brought to Him many who were demon-possessed. And He cast out the spirits with a word, and healed all who were sick,
17 that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by Isaiah the prophet, saying: “He Himself took our infirmities And bore our sicknesses.”


16. Peter was married, and his wife’s mother was lying sick with a fever in Peter’s house (see also 1 Corinthians 9:5). What did Jesus do to and for her (v. 15)?




17. What was Peter’s mother-in-law’s response to what Jesus did to and for her (v. 15)?




18. PROCEED: Share how Peter’s mother-in-law’s response is one we should also demonstrate.




19. Matthew tells of a late evening at Peter’s home when many demon-possessed people were brought to Jesus. What did Jesus do for these people (vv. 16)?




20. Matthew referred to these demon-possessed being healed as a fulfillment of which Messianic prophecy? (See Isaiah 53:4 and 1 Peter 2:24.)





Demands of Discipleship - Read Matthew 8:18-22
Matthew 8:18–22 (NKJV)
18 And when Jesus saw great multitudes about Him, He gave a command to depart to the other side.
19 Then a certain scribe came and said to Him, “Teacher, I will follow You wherever You go.”
20 And Jesus said to him, “Foxes have holes and birds of the air have nests, but the Son of Man has nowhere to lay His head.”
21 Then another of His disciples said to Him, “Lord, let me first go and bury my father.”
22 But Jesus said to him, “Follow Me, and let the dead bury their own dead.”
21. A scribe approached Jesus and said, “Teacher, I will follow You wherever You go” (v. 19). By his response in verse 20, what do you think Jesus told this scribe? (See also Luke 14:25-33.)








22. PROPOUND: How should our response to what Jesus does be like that of the scribe in Matthew 8:19?






23. Another disciple responded to Jesus by saying, “Lord, let me first go and bury my father.” This saying was common in that culture, and referred to taking over the family business and receiving an inheritance when the father passed away. The disciple was essentially saying, “I’ll follow you later—after I receive my inheritance.” What was Jesus’ response to the request to delay his discipleship (v. 22)?






24. PROPOUND: How do the words “me first” spoken by the disciple in Matthew 8:21 describe his attitude about following Jesus?






25. PROCLAIM: In Matthew 8:21, the disciple wanted to delay following Jesus until he received his inheritance. What common excuses do people use to put off following Jesus?







The Sea Is Stilled - Read Matthew 8:23-27
Matthew 8:23–27 (NKJV)
23 Now when He got into a boat, His disciples followed Him.
24 And suddenly a great tempest arose on the sea, so that the boat was covered with the waves. But He was asleep.
25 Then His disciples came to Him and awoke Him, saying, “Lord, save us! We are perishing!”
26 But He said to them, “Why are you fearful, O you of little faith?” Then He arose and rebuked the winds and the sea, and there was a great calm.
27 So the men marveled, saying, “Who can this be, that even the winds and the sea obey Him?”
26. Jesus’ disciples followed Him into a boat, and then into the stormy sea. While the storm raged, where was Jesus and what was He doing (v. 24)? (See also Mark 8:23-27 and Luke 8:22-25.)




27. Jesus’ disciples marveled (v. 27) at His response to the great tempest. What was His response and why did they marvel at it (v. 26)?


28. PROPOUND: Jesus marveled (Matthew 8:10) and His disciples marveled (Matthew 8:27). What does it mean to marvel? Do you marvel at the things Jesus does in your life?




29. PROPOUND: Why did Jesus say to His disciples, “Why are you fearful, O you of little faith?” (See Matthew 8:18.)




30. PROTECT: Meditate upon the knowledge that Jesus is with you during your great tempests in life. What should you do in the midst of your storm?




Demons Are Cast into Swine - Read Matthew 8:28-34
Matthew 8:28–34 (NKJV)
28 When He had come to the other side, to the country of the Gergesenes, there met Him two demon-possessed men, coming out of the tombs, exceedingly fierce, so that no one could pass that way.
29 And suddenly they cried out, saying, “What have we to do with You, Jesus, You Son of God? Have You come here to torment us before the time?”
30 Now a good way off from them there was a herd of many swine feeding.
31 So the demons begged Him, saying, “If You cast us out, permit us to go away into the herd of swine.”
32 And He said to them, “Go.” So when they had come out, they went into the herd of swine. And suddenly the whole herd of swine ran violently down the steep place into the sea, and perished in the water.
33 Then those who kept them fled; and they went away into the city and told everything, including what had happened to the demon-possessed men.
34 And behold, the whole city came out to meet Jesus. And when they saw Him, they begged Him to depart from their region.
31. Jesus and His disciples survived the great tempest and arrived on the other side of the sea only to be greeted by whom (see Matthew 8:18)? Describe the welcoming party (v. 28).




32. PROPOUND: What name is one of the demon-possessed men referred to as? Why is he called that? (See Luke 8:30 and Matthew 12:43-45.)




33. The demons recognized who Jesus is. What name do they refer to Him by (v. 29)? (For additional insight about demons, see James 2:19.)




34. The demons were concerned that Jesus had come to torment them before their time. What time are they referring to? (See also Matthew 25:41, 2 Peter 2:4, Jude 6, and Revelation 20:10.)






35. The demons begged Jesus to send them into the feeding herd of swine (v. 31). Why would the demons beg Jesus instead of simply fleeing on their own?






36. Swine were forbidden for Jews to eat (see Deuteronomy 14:8). Yet about 2,000 of them were being kept (v. 33; Mark 5:13). What happened to those keeping the swine (v. 33)?






37. Upon hearing about the healing of the demon-possessed men, the whole city came out to meet Jesus. What did they beg of Jesus (v. 34)? What was Jesus’ response (Matthew 9:1)? (See also John 3:20.)






38. PROMOTE: Read Matthew 8:18 and 8:28. What can you infer from the combination of these two passages? Share your answer.








39. PROPOUND: How is the response of the whole city ironically similar to the request of the demons (v. 34)?




PROCESS: Take some time to review what you’ve learned about the Jesus’ power over sin, sickness, storms, and the supernatural from Matthew 8. Be sure to highlight the key insights you discovered so you can share them with the group.
PRAY: Father, please help me to remember to plead with You during my next storm, that I might marvel at Your wondrous works.
Journal your prayer here:



DETAILED NOTES

  1. Introduction: Matthew presents Jesus Christ as the Messiah
    1. Chapters 1-7 provide the foundation
      1. Genealogy: His legal authority
      2. His birth: fulfills Scripture "Therefore the Lord Himself will give you a sign: Behold, the virgin shall conceive and bear a Son, and shall call His name Immanuel." (Isaiah 7:14) (see also Matthew 1:23)
      3. The Forerunner: "The voice of one crying in the wilderness: 'Prepare the way of the Lord; Make straight in the desert a highway for our God.'" (Isaiah 40:3)
      4. His kingdom message: Sermon on the Mount
    2. Chapters 8-9 demonstrate Messiah's power: Ten miracles
      1. Authenticate His message
        1. "And seeing the multitudes, He went up on a mountain, and when He was seated His disciples came to Him." (Matthew 5:1)
        2. " When He had come down from the mountain," (Matthew 8:1)
      2. Ten Commandments compared with ten miracles
        1. The Law cannot change a person; only give the standard
        2. Miracles give life-changing proof of who Jesus is
          1. Irrefutable evidence
          2. "Though you do not believe Me, believe the works, that you may know and believe that the Father is in Me, and I in Him." (John 10:38)
      3. Foretaste of the coming Kingdom Age (see Isaiah 35:5-10)
    3. "And Jesus went about all Galilee, teaching in their synagogues, preaching the gospel of the kingdom, and healing all kinds of sickness and all kinds of disease among the people." (Matthew 4:23)
      1. Preaching: "From that time Jesus began to preach and to say, 'Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand.'" (Matthew 4:17)
      2. Teaching: The Sermon on the Mount (Matthew 5-7)
      3. Healing (Matthew 8-9)
    4. Matthew writes thematically, not chronologically
      1. His miracles prove He is the Messiah
      2. His miracles demonstrate His compassion
  2. Jesus heals the leper (vv. 2-4)
    1. Two types of leprosy
      1. General skin disease
      2. Full-blown leprosy
    2. Diagnosis if a spot on skin
      1. Examined by a priest
      2. Isolated
      3. Re-examined
      4. First type: allowed back
      5. Second type: life changed forever
    3. Mycrobacterium Lepae: Hanson's Disease
      1. Now highly treatable
      2. Last known case in 1996 in the Cook Islands
      3. Progressive
        1. Spot
        2. Lose feeling
        3. Eat away flesh
    4. Response: Shunned
      1. Ostracized from town
      2. If downwind, shout, "Unclean" at 300 feet
      3. If upwind, shout, "Unclean" at 150 feet (airborne illness)
      4. No human contact
      5. Could attend synagogue if there was a Mechitsah-a separated room for lepers
      6. Living death
    5. The leper knew Jesus could heal him, but unsure He would
      1. Faith movement: Claim God's will and authority
        1. Wrong approach
        2. Cannot presume to know the will of God
      2. Sometimes God has more than physical healing in mind
        1. Paul's thorn in the flesh: "And lest I should be exalted above measure by the abundance of the revelations, a thorn in the flesh was given to me, a messenger of Satan to buffet me, lest I be exalted above measure. Concerning this thing I pleaded with the Lord three times that it might depart from me. And He said to me, 'My grace is sufficient for you, for My strength is made perfect in weakness.' Therefore most gladly I will rather boast in my infirmities, that the power of Christ may rest upon me." (2 Corinthians 12:7-9)
        2. Jesus in the Garden of Gethsemane: "O My Father, if it is possible, let this cup pass from Me; nevertheless, not as I will, but as You will." (Matthew 26:39)
        3. Entrust your desire into the sovereign will of God
    6. Jesus touched him: Those considered outcasts are not outcasts to Jesus
    7. "And Jesus said to him, 'See that you tell no one; but go your way, show yourself to the priest, and offer the gift that Moses commanded, as a testimony to them.'" (v. 4)
      1. Leviticus 14 - the Law of the leper in the day of cleansing
        1. Anticipated the miraculous healing of leprosy
        2. No record of healing of leprosy except of Naaman in the days of Elisha
      2. Why?
        1. Jesus didn't want to attract larger multitudes who only wanted healing (seeking Him for the wrong reason)
        2. Limit the opposition of His enemies
        3. Sending to the priest His Messianic credentials
  3. Jesus heals the paralytic  (vv. 5-13)
    1. Capernaum
      1. Jesus Headquarters on the Northwest shore of the Sea of Galilee
      2. More miracles performed there than anywhere else
      3. "Then He began to rebuke the cities in which most of His mighty works had been done, because they did not repent: 'Woe to you, Chorazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida! For if the mighty works which were done in you had been done in Tyre and Sidon, they would have repented long ago in sackcloth and ashes. But I say to you, it will be more tolerable for Tyre and Sidon in the day of judgment than for you. And you, Capernaum, who are exalted to heaven, will be brought down to Hades; for if the mighty works which were done in you had been done in Sodom, it would have remained until this day." (Matthew 11:20-23)
    2. The Centurion
      1. Officer in the Roman army who oversaw 100 men (backbone of the Roman Empire)
      2. Every biblical reference to a Centurion is positive
      3. The centurion has a slave
        1. "A slave is a living tool just as a tool is an inanimate slave" --Aristotle
        2. He loves his slave; demonstrates compassion
        3. παῖς; pais - servant or son
      4. Jesus marveled
        1. θαύμασαν; ethaumasen- marveled
        2. usually reserved for the response of people toward Jesus (see v. 27)
        3. The centurion understood Jesus'authority
          1. Emperor delegated his authority (until 30 BC Rome was a republic; beginning with Caesar Augustus, full authority was the emperor's)
          2. When the centurion spoke it was the word of the emperor
          3. Jesus is under the authority of the Father
          4. Jesus wields the authority of the Father
          5. Centurion saw Jesus' words as God's words
        4. Assuredly; Verily, verily (KJV): signals this is important
        5. He had not found this insightful faith even among the Jews
    3. The Messianic banquet (vv. 11-12)
      1. Jews believed they would sit with the patriarchs in the kingdom age
      2. Jews believed the Gentiles would be cast out
      3. See Isaiah 25; Isaiah 65 - the Gentile nations will be joined ot the Jewish fold
      4. Jesus statement reveals:
        1. Many Jews who thought they would be there won't be
        2. Many Gentiles they thought wouldn't be there will be
        3. Entrance is dependent on faith in Christ
      5. The weeping and the gnashing of teeth: emphasize the horror hell will be
    4.  Jesus did what the centurion expected Jesus would do
      1. Not a blanket principle
      2. Jesus speaking directly to the centurion
      3. Faith is not the force that unlocks the promise: God is
  4. Jesus heals Peter's mother in law
    1. Peter's mother in law is in his home
      1. Peter had a good relationship with his family
      2. Respect for the elderly very important
      3. Perhaps her husband was dead
    2. Jesus healed an outcast, a Gentile slave, and now a woman
      1. Patriarchal society: male Jews prayed "Thank you that I am not a slave, a Gentile, or a woman."
      2. Jesus liberated women: "There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither slave nor free, there is neither male nor female; for you are all one in Christ Jesus." (Galatians 3:28)
    3. Her strength is restored
      1. Typically fever leaves the body weakened
      2. She immediately started serving
        1. Service is a sure sign of those touched by God
        2. Woman to Spurgeon: "Jesus touched my life and He will never hear the end of it."
  5. Jesus heals many and casts out demons
    1. When evening had come
      1. It was the Sabbath, could only walk a "Sabbath's day distance"
      2. They were waiting for evening to mark a new day
      3. News traveled fast
    2. "That it might be fulfilled which was spoken by Isaiah the prophet, saying: 'He Himself took our infirmities and bore our sicknesses.'" (v. 17)
      1. "He has borne our griefs and carried our sorrows; yet we esteemed Him stricken, Smitten by God, and afflicted. But He was wounded for our transgressions, He was bruised for our iniquities; the chastisement for our peace was upon Him, and by His stripes we are healed." (Isaiah 53:4-5)
        1. Predictive of the cleansing redemptive ministry of Messiah
        2. Predictive of physical healing
          1. When He had given thanks, He broke it and said, "Take, eat; this is My body which is broken for you; do this in remembrance of Me." (1 Corinthians 11:24)
          2. His bones were not broken at the crucifixion
          3. His body was broken in the scourging
          4. "By whose stripes you were healed" (1 Peter 1:24)
          5. "For he who eats and drinks in an unworthy manner eats and drinks judgment to himself, not discerning the Lord's body. For this reason many are weak and sick among you, and many sleep." (1 Corinthians 11:29-30)
      2. Physical healing is possible
      3. "You do not have because you do not ask." (James 4:2)
  6. Count the cost
    1. "I will follow you wherever you go" (v. 19)
      1. Jesus was a traveling, itinerant teacher
      2. It was a rough life with many demands
      3. Jesus didn't say, "Don't follow" but He wants us to count the cost
    2. "Lord let me first go and bury my father." (v.21)
      1. Self canceling statement
        1. Lord, me first
        2. If He is Lord, He is first
      2. Asking for a break from discipleship
      3. "Let those who are spiritually dead care for their own dead." (v.22 NLT)
      4. Some tasks can be done by unbelievers as well as believers
      5. Not a choice of bad vs. good, but good vs. better
  7. Jesus in the storm
    1. Sea of Galilee
      1. 600 feet below sea level
      2. A vacuum created
      3. Rushing winds and storms form quickly
    2. Jesus is asleep
      1. They wake Him
      2. He rebukes them
        1. He had told them they would go to the other side (see Mark 4:35)
        2. If Jesus says it will happen, it will happen

Greek terms: παῖς; pais - servant or son; θαύμασαν; ethaumasen- marveled
Figures referenced: Caesar Augustus; Charles Spurgeon
Cross references: Leviticus 14; Isaiah 7:14; Isaiah 25; Isaiah 35:5-10; Isaiah 40:3; Isaiah 53:4-5; Isaiah 65; Matthew 1:23; Matthew 4:17; Matthew 4:23; Matthew 5:1; Matthew 8:1; Matthew 11:20-23; Matthew 26:39; Mark 4:35; John 10:38; 1 Corinthians 11:24; 1 Corinthians 11:29-30; 2 Corinthians 12:7-9; Galatians 3:28; James 4:2; 1 Peter 2:24

 


 

SERIES: 40 Matthew - 2011
MESSAGE: Matthew 8:23-9:9
SPEAKER: Skip Heitzig
SCRIPTURE: Matthew 8:23-9:9
URL: http://SkipHeitzig.com/986

MESSAGE SUMMARY
Matthew carefully crafted his gospel to speak directly to the hearts of his Jewish audience. Through his detailed record of Jesus' genealogy, fulfilled prophecy, Jesus' actions, instructions, and miracles, Matthew proves that Jesus is Messiah. Let's take a close look at several of those miracles, and gain a firm grasp of His Deity.

STUDY GUIDE
Matthew 9
But go and learn what this means: ‘I desire mercy and not sacrifice.’ For I did not come to call the righteous, but sinners, to repentance.
Matthew 9:13
PRAYER: Father, please show me the miraculous powers of Jesus as He continues His authenticating miracles in Matthew 9.
Journal your prayer here:






PREVIEW: In Matthew 9, Jesus teaches, preaches, and heals as He performs marvelous miracles, calls Matthew as a disciple, and casts out demons.
Matthew 9 Outline:
The Paralytic Is Forgiven – Read Matthew 9:1-8
Matthew Is Called – Read Matthew 9:9
The Disciples Eat with Sinners– Read Matthew 9:10-13
The Disciples Do Not Fast – Read Matthew 9:14-17
Life Is Restored – Read Matthew 9:18-26
Sight Is Restored – Read Matthew 9:27-31
Speech Is Restored – Read Matthew 9:32-34
The Need for Delegation of Power – Read Matthew 9:35-38


The Paralytic Is Forgiven – Read Matthew 9:1-8
Matthew 9:1–8 (NKJV)
1 So He got into a boat, crossed over, and came to His own city.
2 Then behold, they brought to Him a paralytic lying on a bed. When Jesus saw their faith, He said to the paralytic, “Son, be of good cheer; your sins are forgiven you.”
3 And at once some of the scribes said within themselves, “This Man blasphemes!”
4 But Jesus, knowing their thoughts, said, “Why do you think evil in your hearts?
5 For which is easier, to say, ‘Your sins are forgiven you,’ or to say, ‘Arise and walk’?
6 But that you may know that the Son of Man has power on earth to forgive sins”—then He said to the paralytic, “Arise, take up your bed, and go to your house.”
7 And he arose and departed to his house.
8 Now when the multitudes saw it, they marveled and glorified God, who had given such power to men.
For more details on this paralytic, read Mark 2:1-12 and Luke 5:17-26


1. Jesus returned to Capernaum (His own city) and began preaching the word to many in a full house (see Mark 2:1-2). Four men brought a paralytic and lowered him through the roof in hopes that Jesus would heal him (see Mark 2:3-4). What does Jesus say to the paralytic instead (v. 2)?






2. PRODUCE: Explain why Jesus’ words to the paralytic were more important than physical healing (Matthew 9:2). (See Matthew 5:29-30 and Mark 9:43.)






3. What is the scribes’ initial response to the miraculous healing of the paralytic (v. 3)? (See Luke 5:21.)




4. PROPOUND: In Matthew 9:3, the scribes said within themselves, “This Man blasphemes!” What does it mean to blaspheme?







5. One of Jesus’ powers is demonstrated in the first five words of verse 4. What power is that? (See also Psalm 139:2, Matthew 12:25, and Luke 6:8.)




6. PROCEED: In Matthew 9:5, Jesus asked the scribes, “For which is easier, to say, ‘Your sins are forgiven you,’ or to say, ‘Arise and walk’?” Which one is easier to “say”?






7. When capitalized, the term “Son of Man” refers to God’s Messiah, destined to preside over the final judgment of mankind. Jesus often used this term regarding Himself. In Matthew 9:6, He used it to demonstrate His power to forgive sins by healing the paralytic. What was the final response of the scribes and the multitudes (v. 8)?




Matthew Is Called – Read Matthew 9:9
Matthew 9:9 (NKJV)
9 As Jesus passed on from there, He saw a man named Matthew sitting at the tax office. And He said to him, “Follow Me.” So he arose and followed Him.
8. Jesus called Matthew to follow Him. By what other name is Matthew referred to? (See Mark 2:14.)


9. What was Matthew’s response to Jesus’ call (v. 9)? (See Luke 5:27-28.)




10. PRACTICE: Matthew arose and followed Jesus (v. 9). What did Jesus say is required to follow Him and be His disciple? (See Matthew 16:24-27, Luke 9:23-24, and Luke 14:33.)














The Disciples Eat with Sinners– Read Matthew 9:10-13
Matthew 9:10–13 (NKJV)
10 Now it happened, as Jesus sat at the table in the house, that behold, many tax collectors and sinners came and sat down with Him and His disciples.
11 And when the Pharisees saw it, they said to His disciples, “Why does your Teacher eat with tax collectors and sinners?”
12 When Jesus heard that, He said to them, “Those who are well have no need of a physician, but those who are sick.
13 But go and learn what this means: ‘I desire mercy and not sacrifice.’ For I did not come to call the righteous, but sinners, to repentance.”
11. Jesus goes with Matthew (Levi) to his house and eats with many tax collectors and sinners (see Mark 2:15). Eating with a person equated to identifying with the person you ate with (see 1 Corinthians 5:11.) The Pharisees questioned Jesus’ motive in eating with these people. What was Jesus’ response to the Pharisees (v. 12)?






12. PROCLAIM: Jesus said in Matthew 9:13, “I did not come to call the righteous, but sinners, to repentance.” How should we do likewise?






13. PROPOUND: Jesus ate with tax collectors and sinners, thus identifying with them (v. 9). Read Hebrews 2, How does Jesus identify with sinners?






14. PROPOUND: Jesus told the Pharisees, “Go and learn what this means: ‘I desire mercy and not sacrifice.’” What does that mean? (See Hosea 6:6, Matthew 5:7, and Matthew 12:7.)






The Disciples Do Not Fast – Read Matthew 9:14-17
Matthew 9:14–17 (NKJV)
14 Then the disciples of John came to Him, saying, “Why do we and the Pharisees fast often, but Your disciples do not fast?”
15 And Jesus said to them, “Can the friends of the bridegroom mourn as long as the bridegroom is with them? But the days will come when the bridegroom will be taken away from them, and then they will fast.
16 No one puts a piece of unshrunk cloth on an old garment; for the patch pulls away from the garment, and the tear is made worse.
17 Nor do they put new wine into old wineskins, or else the wineskins break, the wine is spilled, and the wineskins are ruined. But they put new wine into new wineskins, and both are preserved.”
15. John’s disciples questioned Jesus about why His disciples didn’t fast. Jesus responded by referring to His disciples as friends of the bridegroom (v. 15). What did John say the friend of the bridegroom would do instead of fasting? (See John 3:29.)






16. When answering John’s disciples, Jesus referred to old and new wineskins. This referred to the traditions of Judaism (old wineskins) and the kingdom He was bringing forth (new wineskins). What happens if new wine is poured into old wineskins? What happens if new wine is poured into new wineskins?





Life Is Restored – Read Matthew 9:18-26
Matthew 9:18–26 (NKJV)
18 While He spoke these things to them, behold, a ruler came and worshiped Him, saying, “My daughter has just died, but come and lay Your hand on her and she will live.”
19 So Jesus arose and followed him, and so did His disciples.
20 And suddenly, a woman who had a flow of blood for twelve years came from behind and touched the hem of His garment.
21 For she said to herself, “If only I may touch His garment, I shall be made well.”
22 But Jesus turned around, and when He saw her He said, “Be of good cheer, daughter; your faith has made you well.” And the woman was made well from that hour.
23 When Jesus came into the ruler’s house, and saw the flute players and the noisy crowd wailing,
24 He said to them, “Make room, for the girl is not dead, but sleeping.” And they ridiculed Him.
25 But when the crowd was put outside, He went in and took her by the hand, and the girl arose.
26 And the report of this went out into all that land.
Read Mark 5:21–43 and Luke 8:40–56 for more details on this account.
17. A ruler of the synagogue named Jairus came to Jesus because his 12-year-old daughter just died (see Luke 8:41-42). What did Jairus believe about Jesus’ power (v. 18)?




18. What was Jesus’ response to Jairus’ request (v. 19)? What was the result (v. 25)?




19. While a woman had a flow of blood she was considered ceremonially unclean (see Leviticus 15:25). A woman who had a flow of blood for 12 years came and touched the hem of Jesus’ garment; immediately her flow stopped (see Luke 8:44). What did the woman say to herself (v. 21)? What did Jesus say to make her well (v. 22)?








Sight Is Restored – Read Matthew 9:27-31
Matthew 9:27–31 (NKJV)
27 When Jesus departed from there, two blind men followed Him, crying out and saying, “Son of David, have mercy on us!”
28 And when He had come into the house, the blind men came to Him. And Jesus said to them, “Do you believe that I am able to do this?” They said to Him, “Yes, Lord.”
29 Then He touched their eyes, saying, “According to your faith let it be to you.”
30 And their eyes were opened. And Jesus sternly warned them, saying, “See that no one knows it.”
31 But when they had departed, they spread the news about Him in all that country.
20. Two blind men followed Jesus as He made His way to the house. It’s very likely that large crowds followed Jesus (see Luke 8:45). As the blind men cried out and followed Jesus, where did He go (v. 28)?




21. PROTECT: Give some thought to the story of the two blind men (see Matthew 9:27-31). Why do you think Jesus waited for them to find Him inside the house, knowing they were blind (v. 28)? The answer is in Jesus’ response to them (v. 29).




22. PROPOUND: Notice that Jesus didn’t ask the two blind men what they wanted Him to do (see Matthew 20:29-34). Rather, He asked them if they believe that He is able. What did Jesus say their restored sight would be in accordance with (v. 29)?






Speech Is Restored – Read Matthew 9:32-34
Matthew 9:32–34 (NKJV)
32 As they went out, behold, they brought to Him a man, mute and demon-possessed.
33 And when the demon was cast out, the mute spoke. And the multitudes marveled, saying, “It was never seen like this in Israel!”
34 But the Pharisees said, “He casts out demons by the ruler of the demons.”
23. Isaiah 29:18 and 35:4-6 list miracles that would be seen when the Messiah came. Among those miracles is the tongue of the dumb singing (see Isaiah 35:6). What do the multitudes do and say in response to the mute man speaking (v. 33)?




24. How did the Pharisees respond (v. 34)? Why was their response so terrible? (See Matthew 12:24-32.)






The Need for Delegation of Power – Read Matthew 9:35-38
Matthew 9:35–38 (NKJV)
35 Then Jesus went about all the cities and villages, teaching in their synagogues, preaching the gospel of the kingdom, and healing every sickness and every disease among the people.
36 But when He saw the multitudes, He was moved with compassion for them, because they were weary and scattered, like sheep having no shepherd.
37 Then He said to His disciples, “The harvest truly is plentiful, but the laborers are few.
38 Therefore pray the Lord of the harvest to send out laborers into His harvest.”


25. What three things comprised Jesus’ ministry on earth (v. 35)? (See also Matthew 4:23.)






26. PROPOUND: What was Jesus’ response to the multitudes as He went about the cities and villages (Matthew 9:36)?




27. PROPOUND: How were the multitudes described as Jesus saw them (Matthew 9:36)?




28. Jesus told His disciples that the harvest is truly plentiful (v. 37). What harvest is He referring to? (See Matthew 9:35-36.)




29. PROPOUND: Whose harvest is plentiful (v. 38)?




30. Although the harvest is plentiful, Jesus said the laborers are few (v. 37). What is the job of the laborers? (See Matthew 10.)




31. PROMOTE: What did Jesus instruct His disciples to pray (Matthew 9:38)? How were those prayers answered? (See Matthew 10.)




PROCESS: Take some time to review Jesus’ miracles in Matthew 9. What miraculous touch do you need from Jesus? Imagine Jesus asking you the same question he asked the two blind men: “Do you believe that I am able to do this?” Be ready to share your insights with the group.

PRAY: Father, thank You for Jesus! He is everything I need for all the problems in my life. Please help me to have faith like those in Matthew 9 for the touch from Jesus that I need.
Journal your prayer here:



DETAILED NOTES

  1. Introduction
    1. Jews anticipated the Messiah
      1. Daily affirmation: "I believe in the coming of the Messiah, and  even though He tarries, yet I will wait for Him every coming day"
      2. Matthew proclaimed Messiah has come
    2. Matthew demonstrated Jesus is Messiah
      1. Genealogically
      2. Prophetically
        1. "Therefore the Lord Himself will give you a sign: Behold, the virgin shall conceive and bear a Son, and shall call His name Immanuel" (Isaiah 7:14).
        2. Jesus born in Bethlehem (see Micah 5:2)
        3. John the Baptist fulfilled Isaiah 40:3—"The voice of one crying in the wilderness: 'Prepare the way of the Lord; Make straight in the desert a highway for our God.'"
      3. Morally
        1. His baptism to identify with sinners
        2. His temptation in the wilderness
      4. Instructively
        1. Sermon on the Mount (see Matthew 5-7)
        2. "And so it was, when Jesus had ended these sayings, that the people were astonished at His teaching, for He taught them as one having authority, and not as the scribes" (Matthew 7:28-29).
      5. Miraculously
        1. Ten recorded miracles in Matthew
        2. "Though you do not believe Me, believe the works, that you may know and believe that the Father is in Me, and I in Him" (John 10:38).
  2. Jesus calms the storm
    1. Traveled by boat across the Sea of Galilee
      1. Sea of Galilee: 13 miles x 8 miles
      2. Traveled from northwest to east
      3. Jesus boat
        1. Discovered in 1986
        2. 2000 year old boat
        3. Housed at Kibbutz Ginosar
        4. 26 ½ feet long x 7 ½ feet wide
    2. The Storm
      1. Sudden
      2. The language: "The waves kept coming over the boat and Jesus kept on sleeping"
        1. Know who controls the storm
        2. Are the One who controls the storm
      3. σεισμὸς; seismos- earthquake; emphasizes the enormity of the storm
    3. Jesus slept
      1. Demonstrates His humanity: weary from service
      2. Demonstrates His deity: sovereign
    4. Compare to Jonah
      1. Jonah was tired from disobedience
      2. Jesus calms the storm
      3. Jonah thrown overboard into the storm
      4. "Indeed a greater than Jonah is here" (Matthew 12:41).
    5. Lord, save us!
      1. Natural to feel that way
      2. Truth: they are safe
      3. Fear and faith are mutually exclusive; they cannot dwell in the same
    6. Jesus calmed the storm
      1. The disciples marveled
      2. A double miracle
        1. Jesus calmed the winds
        2. Jesus calmed the sea
  3. Jesus casts out demons
    1. Gergesenes
      1. Gadarenes (Mark and Luke)
      2. Eastern side of the Sea of Galilee
      3. Gentile country
        1. Influenced the Jews
        2. Swine herding an illegal trade
        3. 2000 swine (see Mark 5:13)
    2. Differences in Mark and Luke
      1. Mark and Luke mention one man; Matthew mentions two
      2. Gospel writers record with different emphasis
      3. Matthew writing to a Jewish audience: "By the mouth of two or three witnesses the matter shall be established" (Deuteronomy 19:15).
    3. Supernatural World
      1. Parallel to the natural world
        1. Cannot be seen, but it's real
        2. Tune into pictures and sounds with the right receiver
      2. Demonic world
        1. Satan is the ruler
        2. Satan's will carried out by a host of demons
        3. "For we do not wrestle against flesh and blood, but against principalities, against powers, against the rulers of the darkness of this age, against spiritual hosts of wickedness in the heavenly places" (Ephesians 6:12).
        4. "The thief does not come except to steal, and to kill, and to destroy" (John 10:10).
          1. Satan wants people killed before they receive Christ
          2. Satan wants to neutralize believers to make them ineffective
          3. Satan exploits our weaknesses
        5. Demons look for a physical host
          1. "When an unclean spirit goes out of a man, he goes through dry places, seeking rest, and finds none. Then he says, 'I will return to my house from which I came.' And when he comes, he finds it empty, swept, and put in order. Then he goes and takes with him seven other spirits more wicked than himself, and they enter and dwell there; and the last state of that man is worse than the first. So shall it also be with this wicked generation" (Matthew 12:43-45).
          2. They cannot inhabit believers: "He who is in you is greater than he who is in the world." (1 John 4:4).
        6. Demons have faith: "You believe that there is one God. You do well. Even the demons believe--and tremble!" (James 2:19).
          1. Believe in the existence of God
          2. Believe in the deity of Jesus Christ
          3. Believe in the future judgment (which takes place as recorded in Revelation 20)
          4. Believe in prayer
        7. Demons operate by permission only (see Job 1)
        8. Superstitions about demons
          1. Result from lack of biblical knowledge
          2. During Bible times, some believed demons sought entry to man through food and drink
          3. In Ancient Egypt: 36 body parts named and ailments believed caused by demons
          4. Some equated all disease with demon possession
      3. Satan is powerful; God is more powerful
  4. Jesus heals a paralytic
    1. In Capernaum
    2. Their faith
      1. Not the faith of the paralytic
      2. Jesus noticed the faith of those who brought him
    3. Parallel passage lends more information (see Mark 2:1-12)
    4. Be of good cheer!
      1. Prior Thinking
        1. Jews connected suffering with sin (punishment)
        2. Eliphaz the Temanite: "Remember now, who ever perished being innocent?" (Job 4:7)
        3. An excuse to shirk responsibility to the hurting and diseased.
      2. Priorities
        1. The greatest need: forgiveness
        2. "For what profit is it to a man if he gains the whole world, and loses his own soul? Or what will a man give in exchange for his soul?" (Matthew 16:26).
        3. Christianity has many benefits: most importantly, the gospel
      3. Power
        1. Jesus knew their thoughts
        2. They marveled; some translations use φόβος; phobos - fear
        3. Easier to say, "Your sins are forgiven"
          1. An internal work no one sees
          2. If you say someone is healed and they aren't,  it's apparent
        4. Both outward healing and inward forgiveness are impossible for men
          1. Possible for God
          2. The outward miracle demonstrates the inward authority
    5. Son of Man
      1. Apocalyptic term referring to Messiah (See Daniel 7:13 and Matthew 24:27-31)
      2. He was alerting them that God's kingdom was breaking in to time
  5. Matthew
    1. Called Levi in Mark and Luke; could be his name was changed to Matthew by Jesus
      1. Jesus gave Simon the name Peter
      2. James and John changed from "Sons of Zebedee" to "Sons of thunder"
      3. Matthew means "Gift of God"
        1. Matthew a tax collector; not viewed as a gift of God by the people
        2. Jesus identifies you not only as who you are, but who you will become when he has hold of you!
    2. He was a Jew
      1. Probably from the tribe of Levi
      2. From a priestly family, but he's a renegade
    3. Tax Collector
      1. Hated; barred from worship and put in class of "sinners"
      2. Tax farming
        1. Right sold to highest bidder
        2. Collected tax for Rome, but charged what they wanted and kept the remainder
      3. Tax Rate
        1. Poll Tax: just for living
        2. Income tax: flat 10%
        3. Harbor tax
        4. Road tax
        5. Import tax
        6. Ground tax: 1/10 of grain and 1/5 of wine
        7. Cart tax: each wheel taxed
        8. Fish tax
    4. Decisive
      1. He followed Jesus
      2. "So he left all, rose up, and followed Him" (Luke 5:28).
      3. Probably had more to give up than the other disciples; gave it all up to follow Jesus

Greek terms: σεισμὸς; seismos- earthquake; φόβος; phobos - fear
Cross references: Deuteronomy 19:15; Job 1; Job 4:7; Isaiah 7:14; Isaiah 40:3; Daniel 7:13; Micah 5:2; Matthew 5-7; Matthew 7:28-29; Matthew 12:41; Matthew 12:43-45; Matthew 16:26; Matthew 24:27-31; Mark 2:1-12; Mark 5:13; Luke 5:28; John 10:10; John 10:38; Ephesians 6:12; James 2:19; 1 John 4:4; Revelation 20

Topic: Miracles

 


 

SERIES: 40 Matthew - 2011
MESSAGE: Matthew 9:10-31
SPEAKER: Skip Heitzig
SCRIPTURE: Matthew 9:10-31
URL: http://SkipHeitzig.com/1002

MESSAGE SUMMARY
To the Pharisees, tax collectors and sinners were part of a lower, unpleasant class. But Jesus longed for fellowship with all people. He shared intimate meals with them, ministered to their needs, and reached out to the unlovely. As we study this passage in Matthew 9, we learn how we are also called to be heralds of the good news that brings spiritual health and enduring joy.

STUDY GUIDE
Matthew 9
But go and learn what this means: ‘I desire mercy and not sacrifice.’ For I did not come to call the righteous, but sinners, to repentance.
Matthew 9:13
PRAYER: Father, please show me the miraculous powers of Jesus as He continues His authenticating miracles in Matthew 9.
Journal your prayer here:






PREVIEW: In Matthew 9, Jesus teaches, preaches, and heals as He performs marvelous miracles, calls Matthew as a disciple, and casts out demons.
Matthew 9 Outline:
The Paralytic Is Forgiven – Read Matthew 9:1-8
Matthew Is Called – Read Matthew 9:9
The Disciples Eat with Sinners– Read Matthew 9:10-13
The Disciples Do Not Fast – Read Matthew 9:14-17
Life Is Restored – Read Matthew 9:18-26
Sight Is Restored – Read Matthew 9:27-31
Speech Is Restored – Read Matthew 9:32-34
The Need for Delegation of Power – Read Matthew 9:35-38


The Paralytic Is Forgiven – Read Matthew 9:1-8
Matthew 9:1–8 (NKJV)
1 So He got into a boat, crossed over, and came to His own city.
2 Then behold, they brought to Him a paralytic lying on a bed. When Jesus saw their faith, He said to the paralytic, “Son, be of good cheer; your sins are forgiven you.”
3 And at once some of the scribes said within themselves, “This Man blasphemes!”
4 But Jesus, knowing their thoughts, said, “Why do you think evil in your hearts?
5 For which is easier, to say, ‘Your sins are forgiven you,’ or to say, ‘Arise and walk’?
6 But that you may know that the Son of Man has power on earth to forgive sins”—then He said to the paralytic, “Arise, take up your bed, and go to your house.”
7 And he arose and departed to his house.
8 Now when the multitudes saw it, they marveled and glorified God, who had given such power to men.
For more details on this paralytic, read Mark 2:1-12 and Luke 5:17-26


1. Jesus returned to Capernaum (His own city) and began preaching the word to many in a full house (see Mark 2:1-2). Four men brought a paralytic and lowered him through the roof in hopes that Jesus would heal him (see Mark 2:3-4). What does Jesus say to the paralytic instead (v. 2)?






2. PRODUCE: Explain why Jesus’ words to the paralytic were more important than physical healing (Matthew 9:2). (See Matthew 5:29-30 and Mark 9:43.)






3. What is the scribes’ initial response to the miraculous healing of the paralytic (v. 3)? (See Luke 5:21.)




4. PROPOUND: In Matthew 9:3, the scribes said within themselves, “This Man blasphemes!” What does it mean to blaspheme?







5. One of Jesus’ powers is demonstrated in the first five words of verse 4. What power is that? (See also Psalm 139:2, Matthew 12:25, and Luke 6:8.)




6. PROCEED: In Matthew 9:5, Jesus asked the scribes, “For which is easier, to say, ‘Your sins are forgiven you,’ or to say, ‘Arise and walk’?” Which one is easier to “say”?






7. When capitalized, the term “Son of Man” refers to God’s Messiah, destined to preside over the final judgment of mankind. Jesus often used this term regarding Himself. In Matthew 9:6, He used it to demonstrate His power to forgive sins by healing the paralytic. What was the final response of the scribes and the multitudes (v. 8)?




Matthew Is Called – Read Matthew 9:9
Matthew 9:9 (NKJV)
9 As Jesus passed on from there, He saw a man named Matthew sitting at the tax office. And He said to him, “Follow Me.” So he arose and followed Him.
8. Jesus called Matthew to follow Him. By what other name is Matthew referred to? (See Mark 2:14.)


9. What was Matthew’s response to Jesus’ call (v. 9)? (See Luke 5:27-28.)




10. PRACTICE: Matthew arose and followed Jesus (v. 9). What did Jesus say is required to follow Him and be His disciple? (See Matthew 16:24-27, Luke 9:23-24, and Luke 14:33.)














The Disciples Eat with Sinners– Read Matthew 9:10-13
Matthew 9:10–13 (NKJV)
10 Now it happened, as Jesus sat at the table in the house, that behold, many tax collectors and sinners came and sat down with Him and His disciples.
11 And when the Pharisees saw it, they said to His disciples, “Why does your Teacher eat with tax collectors and sinners?”
12 When Jesus heard that, He said to them, “Those who are well have no need of a physician, but those who are sick.
13 But go and learn what this means: ‘I desire mercy and not sacrifice.’ For I did not come to call the righteous, but sinners, to repentance.”
11. Jesus goes with Matthew (Levi) to his house and eats with many tax collectors and sinners (see Mark 2:15). Eating with a person equated to identifying with the person you ate with (see 1 Corinthians 5:11.) The Pharisees questioned Jesus’ motive in eating with these people. What was Jesus’ response to the Pharisees (v. 12)?






12. PROCLAIM: Jesus said in Matthew 9:13, “I did not come to call the righteous, but sinners, to repentance.” How should we do likewise?






13. PROPOUND: Jesus ate with tax collectors and sinners, thus identifying with them (v. 9). Read Hebrews 2, How does Jesus identify with sinners?






14. PROPOUND: Jesus told the Pharisees, “Go and learn what this means: ‘I desire mercy and not sacrifice.’” What does that mean? (See Hosea 6:6, Matthew 5:7, and Matthew 12:7.)






The Disciples Do Not Fast – Read Matthew 9:14-17
Matthew 9:14–17 (NKJV)
14 Then the disciples of John came to Him, saying, “Why do we and the Pharisees fast often, but Your disciples do not fast?”
15 And Jesus said to them, “Can the friends of the bridegroom mourn as long as the bridegroom is with them? But the days will come when the bridegroom will be taken away from them, and then they will fast.
16 No one puts a piece of unshrunk cloth on an old garment; for the patch pulls away from the garment, and the tear is made worse.
17 Nor do they put new wine into old wineskins, or else the wineskins break, the wine is spilled, and the wineskins are ruined. But they put new wine into new wineskins, and both are preserved.”
15. John’s disciples questioned Jesus about why His disciples didn’t fast. Jesus responded by referring to His disciples as friends of the bridegroom (v. 15). What did John say the friend of the bridegroom would do instead of fasting? (See John 3:29.)






16. When answering John’s disciples, Jesus referred to old and new wineskins. This referred to the traditions of Judaism (old wineskins) and the kingdom He was bringing forth (new wineskins). What happens if new wine is poured into old wineskins? What happens if new wine is poured into new wineskins?





Life Is Restored – Read Matthew 9:18-26
Matthew 9:18–26 (NKJV)
18 While He spoke these things to them, behold, a ruler came and worshiped Him, saying, “My daughter has just died, but come and lay Your hand on her and she will live.”
19 So Jesus arose and followed him, and so did His disciples.
20 And suddenly, a woman who had a flow of blood for twelve years came from behind and touched the hem of His garment.
21 For she said to herself, “If only I may touch His garment, I shall be made well.”
22 But Jesus turned around, and when He saw her He said, “Be of good cheer, daughter; your faith has made you well.” And the woman was made well from that hour.
23 When Jesus came into the ruler’s house, and saw the flute players and the noisy crowd wailing,
24 He said to them, “Make room, for the girl is not dead, but sleeping.” And they ridiculed Him.
25 But when the crowd was put outside, He went in and took her by the hand, and the girl arose.
26 And the report of this went out into all that land.
Read Mark 5:21–43 and Luke 8:40–56 for more details on this account.
17. A ruler of the synagogue named Jairus came to Jesus because his 12-year-old daughter just died (see Luke 8:41-42). What did Jairus believe about Jesus’ power (v. 18)?




18. What was Jesus’ response to Jairus’ request (v. 19)? What was the result (v. 25)?




19. While a woman had a flow of blood she was considered ceremonially unclean (see Leviticus 15:25). A woman who had a flow of blood for 12 years came and touched the hem of Jesus’ garment; immediately her flow stopped (see Luke 8:44). What did the woman say to herself (v. 21)? What did Jesus say to make her well (v. 22)?








Sight Is Restored – Read Matthew 9:27-31
Matthew 9:27–31 (NKJV)
27 When Jesus departed from there, two blind men followed Him, crying out and saying, “Son of David, have mercy on us!”
28 And when He had come into the house, the blind men came to Him. And Jesus said to them, “Do you believe that I am able to do this?” They said to Him, “Yes, Lord.”
29 Then He touched their eyes, saying, “According to your faith let it be to you.”
30 And their eyes were opened. And Jesus sternly warned them, saying, “See that no one knows it.”
31 But when they had departed, they spread the news about Him in all that country.
20. Two blind men followed Jesus as He made His way to the house. It’s very likely that large crowds followed Jesus (see Luke 8:45). As the blind men cried out and followed Jesus, where did He go (v. 28)?




21. PROTECT: Give some thought to the story of the two blind men (see Matthew 9:27-31). Why do you think Jesus waited for them to find Him inside the house, knowing they were blind (v. 28)? The answer is in Jesus’ response to them (v. 29).




22. PROPOUND: Notice that Jesus didn’t ask the two blind men what they wanted Him to do (see Matthew 20:29-34). Rather, He asked them if they believe that He is able. What did Jesus say their restored sight would be in accordance with (v. 29)?






Speech Is Restored – Read Matthew 9:32-34
Matthew 9:32–34 (NKJV)
32 As they went out, behold, they brought to Him a man, mute and demon-possessed.
33 And when the demon was cast out, the mute spoke. And the multitudes marveled, saying, “It was never seen like this in Israel!”
34 But the Pharisees said, “He casts out demons by the ruler of the demons.”
23. Isaiah 29:18 and 35:4-6 list miracles that would be seen when the Messiah came. Among those miracles is the tongue of the dumb singing (see Isaiah 35:6). What do the multitudes do and say in response to the mute man speaking (v. 33)?




24. How did the Pharisees respond (v. 34)? Why was their response so terrible? (See Matthew 12:24-32.)






The Need for Delegation of Power – Read Matthew 9:35-38
Matthew 9:35–38 (NKJV)
35 Then Jesus went about all the cities and villages, teaching in their synagogues, preaching the gospel of the kingdom, and healing every sickness and every disease among the people.
36 But when He saw the multitudes, He was moved with compassion for them, because they were weary and scattered, like sheep having no shepherd.
37 Then He said to His disciples, “The harvest truly is plentiful, but the laborers are few.
38 Therefore pray the Lord of the harvest to send out laborers into His harvest.”


25. What three things comprised Jesus’ ministry on earth (v. 35)? (See also Matthew 4:23.)






26. PROPOUND: What was Jesus’ response to the multitudes as He went about the cities and villages (Matthew 9:36)?




27. PROPOUND: How were the multitudes described as Jesus saw them (Matthew 9:36)?




28. Jesus told His disciples that the harvest is truly plentiful (v. 37). What harvest is He referring to? (See Matthew 9:35-36.)




29. PROPOUND: Whose harvest is plentiful (v. 38)?




30. Although the harvest is plentiful, Jesus said the laborers are few (v. 37). What is the job of the laborers? (See Matthew 10.)




31. PROMOTE: What did Jesus instruct His disciples to pray (Matthew 9:38)? How were those prayers answered? (See Matthew 10.)




PROCESS: Take some time to review Jesus’ miracles in Matthew 9. What miraculous touch do you need from Jesus? Imagine Jesus asking you the same question he asked the two blind men: “Do you believe that I am able to do this?” Be ready to share your insights with the group.

PRAY: Father, thank You for Jesus! He is everything I need for all the problems in my life. Please help me to have faith like those in Matthew 9 for the touch from Jesus that I need.
Journal your prayer here:


DETAILED NOTES

  1. Introduction
    1. Jesus loved meals
      1. Matthew's house
      2. Zacchaeus (see uke 19:5)
      3. Last Supper
      4. Jesus miraculously fed the 5,000 (plus women and children)
      5. "Behold, I stand at the door and knock. If anyone hears My voice and opens the door, I will come in to him and dine with him, and he with Me" (Revelation 3:20).
        1. In Judaism, to eat with someone represented becoming one
        2. Enjoyment of intimacy and camaraderie
        3. Painting of Jesus knocking on the door by Holman Hunt; no handle on the door, because it represents the human heart; the handle is on the inside
    2. Setting
      1. Capernaum
        1. Northwest shore of the Sea of Galilee
        2. Connected major population centers of the world (Via maris; way of the sea)
        3. Matthew collected taxes there
      2. Matthew probably heard the Sermon on the Mount
        1. "Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. Blessed are those who mourn, for they shall be comforted. Blessed are the meek, for they shall inherit the earth. Blessed are those who hunger and thirst for righteousness, for they shall be filled" (Matthew 5:3-6).
        2. Matthew's heart was prepared to follow Jesus
  2. The Meal
    1. Tax collectors and sinners
      1. Coupled frequently by the Pharisees
      2. Those who didn't highly regard the traditions and the ceremonial law
    2. Evangelism
      1. Matthew shared his faith and his Lord with his friends
      2. Natural result of a heart touched by Christ
      3. How did Pharisees attract converts?
        1. They didn't
        2. Piety is not attractive
        3. Finger pointing
        4. "The gospel is not a secret to be hoarded, but a story to be heralded."—Vance Havner
        5. "How many prodigals are kept out of the kingdom of God by those unlovely characters who profess to be inside?"—Henry Drummond
        6. Canadian billboard: "The wicked will go to hell and live there forever."
          1. Not compelling
          2. Merely concerning
          3. Theologically accurate
      4. Be creative
      5. The sick need the Doctor
        1. "For I desire mercy and not sacrifice, and the knowledge of God more than burnt offerings” (Hosea 6:6).
        2. The gospel is not for good people, but for those who are bad and know it
        3. "Blessed are the poor in spirit" (Matthew 5:3)
        4. Jesus wants those no one else wants
        5. Jesus calling Himself a doctor
          1. He is indicting the Pharisees for malpractice
          2. Pharisees are good at diagnosis, but rotten at a cure
        6. "Melt down the saints and get them back in circulation."—Oliver Cromwell
        7. Call sinners to repentance, not as finger pointers, but as fellow partners
  3. John's Disciples
    1. Not yet followers of Christ
    2. John's influence through the book of Acts (see Acts 19:1-5)
    3. Concerned with the liberty of Jesus' disciples
  4. Fasting
    1. Law of Moses required the Jews to fast once a year—maybe
      1. Day of Atonement
      2. "You shall afflict your souls" (Leviticus 16:29; Leviticus 23:27).
      3. Humble yourselves (NAS; YLT)
    2. Pharisees and scribes fasted twice a week
      1. Mondays and Thursdays; the busiest days in the market
      2. "Moreover, when you fast, do not be like the hypocrites, with a sad countenance. For they disfigure their faces that they may appear to men to be fasting. Assuredly, I say to you, they have their reward" (Matthew 6:16).
    3. John's disciples fasted a lot, though not hypocritically
    4. Benefits of fasting
      1. Focus on spiritual things; make your appetites your servant
      2. Appreciate God's gifts
      3. See the needs of others (See Isaiah 58:5-10)
  5. Jesus answers their concerns
    1. Marriage
      1. Expands the analogy John the Baptist used
        1. "He who has the bride is the bridegroom; but the friend of the bridegroom, who stands and hears him, rejoices greatly because of the bridegroom's voice. Therefore this joy of mine is fulfilled" (John 3:29)
        2. Friends of the bridegroom
          1. Arranged the marriage ceremony
          2. Acted as liaison between the bride and groom
          3. Includes the disciples
      2. Jewish weddings 2000 years ago
        1. No honeymoon
        2. Week long party at the groom’s home
        3. Happiest week of their lives
      3. The time to fast will come
        1. "As they ministered to the Lord and fasted, the Holy Spirit said, ‘Now separate to Me Barnabas and Saul for the work to which I have called them.’ Then, having fasted and prayed, and laid hands on them, they sent them away" (Acts 13:2-3).
        2. "So when they had appointed elders in every church, and prayed with fasting, they commended them to the Lord in whom they had believed" (Acts 14:23).
      4. Jesus the Physician came to bring spiritual health
      5. Jesus the Bridegroom came to bring spiritual joy
    2. Fashion: New cloth will not work on old material
    3. Domestic life
      1.  Wine stored in animal skins
        1. New wineskins elastic; as wine ferments, pressure builds and stretches the wineskin; in time the wine stabilizes
        2. Old wineskins become brittle
      2. Scribes and Pharisees
        1. Jesus did not come to patch up the old system of Judaism
        2. Jesus came to create something new
        3. Old Judaism inflexible due to traditions added to it
        4. Ritual, rigid requirements of the law are not fit for the new covenant
  6. The Miracles of Jesus
    1. The ruler's daughter
      1. The ruler is Jairus (see Mark 5:22)
      2. The girl is 12 (see Luke 8:42)
      3. Ruler
        1. ἄρχων;archōn; - ruler
        2. συναγωγή;sunagógé - synagogue
        3. Chief ruler of the synagogue; highest ranking religious official in Capernaum
      4. He believes in Jesus' resurrection power
    2. Woman with a flow of blood
      1. Sick for 12 years
      2. Vaginal hemorrhage; ceremonially unclean
      3. Spent all her money on physicians (see Luke 8:43)
      4. The girl had been a blessing to her father for 12 years; the woman suffered a curse for 12 years
      5. She touched the hem of Jesus garment
        1. Jesus asked, "Who touched me?" (Luke 8:45)
        2. The ruler likely thought, "Who cares? I need you now!"
        3. Probably one of four tassels Jews wore on the corners of their cloaks as a reminder of God's law
        4. Believed that those Jesus touches are cured; if she touched Him she would be healed
        5. The issues isn't the touch, but the release of her faith in Jesus' ability
          1. Expression of faith
          2. Point of contact
    3. Not dead, but sleeping
      1. Jesus did not misdiagnose her
      2. Metaphor
        1. Lazarus
        2. Stephen
        3. Old Testament: slept with their fathers
        4. When one sleeps, they wake up
        5. Death is temporary; there will be a resurrection
    4. The blind men
      1. They followed Jesus
      2. Called him "Son of David"
        1. First time used in reference to Jesus by someone other than Matthew (see Matthew 1:1)
        2. Messianic title
      3. Messiah would heal the blind (see Isaiah 29:18; Isaiah 35:5; Isaiah 42:7)
      4. Blindness common
        1. High poverty
        2. Unsanitary conditions
        3. Bright sun
        4. Blowing dust
        5. Opthalmia neonatorum: gonorrhea of the eyes contracted in the birth cannal
      5. Jesus healed them indoors
        1. Crowd control
        2. To draw out their expression of faith
        3. Jesus often makes persistence a prerequisite
          1. Friends of the paralytic made a hole in the roof
          2. Woman pressed through the crowds
          3. Jairus asked at least twice
      6. First thing they saw was Jesus
      7. "When I get to heaven the first face that shall ever gladden my sight will be that of the Savior." —Francis Jane Crosby, author of "Blessed Assurance"

Greek Terms: ἄρχων;archōn; - ruler; συναγωγή; sunagógé - synagogue
Figures referenced: Vance Havner; Henry Drummond; Oliver Cromwell; Francis Jane Crosby
Cross references: Leviticus 16:29; Leviticus 23:27; Isaiah 29:18; Isaiah 35:5; Isaiah 42:7; Isaiah 58:5-10; Hosea 6:6; Matthew 1:1; Matthew 5:3-6; Matthew 6:16; Mark 5:22; Luke 8:42; Luke 8:43; Luke 8:45; Luke 19:5; John 3:29; Acts 13:2-3; Acts 14:23; Acts 19:1-5; Revelation 3:20

 


 

SERIES: 40 Matthew - 2011
MESSAGE: Matthew 9:32-10:31
SPEAKER: Skip Heitzig
SCRIPTURE: Matthew 9:32-10:31
URL: http://SkipHeitzig.com/1004

MESSAGE SUMMARY
The Lord calls His followers to proclaim His message to the world—we are appointed to carry out a divine purpose. We learn in this study that we, like the apostles, find abundant life only in letting go of our own ambitions, plans, and comfort.

STUDY GUIDE
Matthew 10
Whatever I tell you in the dark, speak in the light; and what you hear in the ear, preach on the housetops.
Matthew 10:27
PRAYER: Father, thank You for sending Your apostles to preach the good news. Please teach me the importance of sharing the same message.
Journal your prayer here:


PREVIEW: In Matthew 10, Jesus called 12 of His disciples to be apostles, instructing and sending them to preach to the lost sheep of Israel.


Matthew 10 Outline:
The Twelve Apostles Are Sent – Read Matthew 10:1-4
The Twelve Apostles Are Instructed - Read Matthew 10:5-42
PREPARE: In Matthew 10, we see the disciples become “sent ones” or “apostles,” as Jesus gave them instructions for their mission.


The Twelve Apostles Are Sent – Read Matthew 10:1-4
1 And when He had called His twelve disciples to Him, He gave them power over unclean spirits, to cast them out, and to heal all kinds of sickness and all kinds of disease.
2 Now the names of the twelve apostles are these: first, Simon, who is called Peter, and Andrew his brother; James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother;
3 Philip and Bartholomew; Thomas and Matthew the tax collector; James the son of Alphaeus, and Lebbaeus, whose surname was Thaddaeus;
4 Simon the Cananite, and Judas Iscariot, who also betrayed Him.

1. In Matthew 9:38, Jesus instructed His disciples to pray. In Matthew 10, we’ll see that prayer answered. What was the prayer?





2. Jesus “called” His disciples to Himself (v. 1). Who does Romans 8:28-30 describe as “called”?





3. What did Jesus give His disciples (v. 1)? Why would they need what Jesus gave to them?





4. The names of the twelve “apostles” (instead of “disciples”) are listed in verse 2. Although they are the same people, the word apostle is the Greek word apostolos, which means “sent out ones.” Why are the apostles listed in pairs? (See Mark 6:7.)





The Twelve Apostles Are Instructed – Read Matthew 10:5-42
Matthew 10:5–42 (NKJV)
5 These twelve Jesus sent out and commanded them, saying: “Do not go into the way of the Gentiles, and do not enter a city of the Samaritans.
6 But go rather to the lost sheep of the house of Israel.
7 And as you go, preach, saying, ‘The kingdom of heaven is at hand.’
8 Heal the sick, cleanse the lepers, raise the dead, cast out demons. Freely you have received, freely give.
9 Provide neither gold nor silver nor copper in your money belts,
10 nor bag for your journey, nor two tunics, nor sandals, nor staffs; for a worker is worthy of his food.
11 “Now whatever city or town you enter, inquire who in it is worthy, and stay there till you go out.
12 And when you go into a household, greet it.
13 If the household is worthy, let your peace come upon it. But if it is not worthy, let your peace return to you.
14 And whoever will not receive you nor hear your words, when you depart from that house or city, shake off the dust from your feet.
15 Assuredly, I say to you, it will be more tolerable for the land of Sodom and Gomorrah in the day of judgment than for that city!
16 “Behold, I send you out as sheep in the midst of wolves. Therefore be wise as serpents and harmless as doves.
17 But beware of men, for they will deliver you up to councils and scourge you in their synagogues.
18 You will be brought before governors and kings for My sake, as a testimony to them and to the Gentiles.
19 But when they deliver you up, do not worry about how or what you should speak. For it will be given to you in that hour what you should speak;
20 for it is not you who speak, but the Spirit of your Father who speaks in you.
21 “Now brother will deliver up brother to death, and a father his child; and children will rise up against parents and cause them to be put to death.
22 And you will be hated by all for My name’s sake. But he who endures to the end will be saved.
23 When they persecute you in this city, flee to another. For assuredly, I say to you, you will not have gone through the cities of Israel before the Son of Man comes.
24 “A disciple is not above his teacher, nor a servant above his master.
25 It is enough for a disciple that he be like his teacher, and a servant like his master. If they have called the master of the house Beelzebub, how much more will they call those of his household!
26 Therefore do not fear them. For there is nothing covered that will not be revealed, and hidden that will not be known.
27 “Whatever I tell you in the dark, speak in the light; and what you hear in the ear, preach on the housetops.
28 And do not fear those who kill the body but cannot kill the soul. But rather fear Him who is able to destroy both soul and body in hell.
29 Are not two sparrows sold for a copper coin? And not one of them falls to the ground apart from your Father’s will.
30 But the very hairs of your head are all numbered.
31 Do not fear therefore; you are of more value than many sparrows.
32 “Therefore whoever confesses Me before men, him I will also confess before My Father who is in heaven.
33 But whoever denies Me before men, him I will also deny before My Father who is in heaven.
34 “Do not think that I came to bring peace on earth. I did not come to bring peace but a sword.
35 For I have come to ‘set a man against his father, a daughter against her mother, and a daughter-in-law against her mother-in-law’;
36 and ‘a man’s enemies will be those of his own household.’
37 He who loves father or mother more than Me is not worthy of Me. And he who loves son or daughter more than Me is not worthy of Me.
38 And he who does not take his cross and follow after Me is not worthy of Me.
39 He who finds his life will lose it, and he who loses his life for My sake will find it.
40 “He who receives you receives Me, and he who receives Me receives Him who sent Me.
41 He who receives a prophet in the name of a prophet shall receive a prophet’s reward. And he who receives a righteous man in the name of a righteous man shall receive a righteous man’s reward.
42 And whoever gives one of these little ones only a cup of cold water in the name of a disciple, assuredly, I say to you, he shall by no means lose his reward.”


5. Jesus sent out His twelve apostles. Where did He send them (v.6)? Where did He not want them to go (v.5)? Why were they not to go to these places? (See also Isaiah 53:6, Jeremiah 50:6, and Matthew 15:24.)





6. Jesus lists the mission statements for His apostles (vv. 7-8). What are their two missions? How is their mission similar to Jesus’ mission listed in Matthew 4:23? How is it different?





7. PRODUCE: In Matthew 10:8, Jesus said to His twelve apostles, “Freely you have received, freely give.” What did they freely receive that they were to freely give?





8. Jesus instructs His apostles not to take money (v. 9) or extra supplies (v. 10). Why? (See also Leviticus 19:13, Deuteronomy 24:15, and Luke 10:7.)





9. Jesus instructed His apostles to find a place to stay when they entered a town by inquiring who was worthy (v.11). How would they know if a household was worthy? (See Luke 10:5.)





10. PROCEED: In Matthew 10:14, Jesus instructs His disciples on how to discern whether or not to remain in a city, preaching and healing. What two indicators determined whether or not the apostles remained in a city or town? Why is this so critical? Share your answer with the group. (See also Matthew 7:6 and 10:40.)




11. PRACTICE: In Matthew 10:14, Jesus instructed His apostles to “shake off the dust from your feet” if a town or city wouldn’t receive them and their message. Shaking off the dust was a symbolic act practiced by the Pharisees when they left an “unclean” Gentile area. Here, Jesus uses this act as a warning to those who reject His apostles’ message. How are we to shake off the dust today? (See Matthew 7:6 and Acts 13:51.)





12. PROPOUND: When Jesus refers to Sodom and Gomorrah, what do you think He is saying about a city that rejects His apostles (Matthew 10:15)?





13. PROPOUND: In Matthew 10:16, Jesus sent His apostles out as “sheep in the midst of wolves.” What is the certain destiny of a sheep in the midst of wolves?





14. PROPOUND: In Matthew 10:18, why did Jesus say His apostles would be brought before governors and kings?





15. PROCLAIM: Share with the group how we can be “wise as serpents and harmless as doves.” (v.16) (See Romans 16:19, 2 Corinthians 12:16, Ephesians 5:15, and Colossians 4:5.)





16. Why were the apostles not to worry about how or what they should speak if they were brought before kings and governors (v.18)? (See also Exodus 4:12, 2 Samuel 23:2, Jeremiah 1:7, and 2 Timothy 4:17.)





17. Jesus warns His apostles they will cause division in people’s families and be hated (vv. 21-22). Why is enduring this persecution (v. 23) important for “sent out ones” of Jesus Christ (v. 22)?





18. PROPOUND: What did Jesus say His apostles should do if they were persecuted in a particular city? (See Matthew 10:23.)





19. Jesus again warns His apostles about mistreatment (v. 25) from those they will witness to. Read Luke 6:40. Why is Jesus sending His apostles to those He knows will mistreat them?





20. By whom was Jesus called “Beelzebub” (v. 25)? (See Matthew 9:34; 12:24, Mark 3:22, and Luke 11:15.)




21. Jesus instructs His apostles to be bold in their witness by preaching what they hear in the dark and in their ear in the light and from the housetops (v. 27). He gives them an eternal perspective (v. 28) on their preaching and mentions two seemingly unimportant items: sparrows and the number of hairs on their heads. Why does Jesus want them to be aware of His Father’s intimate knowledge of their lives (vv. 28-31)?




22. PROPOUND: Do you think Jesus is speaking figuratively or literally about the hairs on your head being numbered (v.30)? (See 1 Samuel 14:45, 2 Samuel 14:11, 1 Kings 1:52, Luke 21:18, and Acts 27:34.)





23. PROMOTE: Read Matthew 10:32-33. Why is it important to boldly tell others (confess) about Jesus?





24. It was foretold that the Messiah would bring peace (see Isaiah 9:6-7 and Micah 4:3-4). But in Matthew 10:34-36, Jesus said He didn’t come to bring peace, but a sword. How do you reconcile Jesus’ statement with these prophecies of the Messiah?





25. What is the cost of being a disciple and apostle of Jesus Christ (vv. 37-39)? (See also Luke 14:25–33.)





26. PROPOUND: In Matthew 10:40, Jesus lists what a person will receive if they receive the apostle and his message. How can you be absolutely certain that you’ve received this promise? (See Romans 8:9; 16, 2 Corinthians 1:21-22; 5:5, Ephesians 1:13-14, and 1 John 3:24; 4:13.)





27. PROTECT: Carefully read Matthew 10:40. What does the person receive who receives the apostle and his message?






28. Jesus promises rewards for those who are willing to receive a righteous person who proclaims the good news of Jesus Christ (v.41). How can you discern if the prophet is from God? (See 1 John 4:1-3.)





To learn about two people who received prophets of God and received a prophet’s reward, read 1 Kings 17:10-16 and 2 Kings 4:4-37.

29. Jesus states that a person giving to His servants (v. 42) “shall by no means lose his reward.” In Matthew 10:42, how easy did Jesus make it to earn a reward? (See also Mark 9:41 and Hebrews 6:10.)





PROCESS: Take some time to review what you’ve learned in Matthew 10. Highlight what the Lord showed you so you can share it with the group.
PRAY: Father, thank You for sending Your apostles. Help me to respond to Your calling, that I, too, may be sent to preach Your message to this world.
Journal your prayer here:

DETAILED NOTES

  1. Introduction
    1. Growth is normal
      1. Physically
      2. Spiritually
        1. Born again: "Jesus answered and said to him, 'Most assuredly, I say to you, unless one is born again, he cannot see the kingdom of God'" (John 3:3).
        2. Growth
        3. Maturity: taking seriously the call to go
    2. The disciples' unique opportunity
      1. To become apostles (sent ones)
      2. μαθηταῖς; mathētais; learners, disciples
        1. Watching
        2. Learning
        3. Processing information
      3. Up to this point, Jesus had done all the ministry
      4. Change from Jesus with the crowds to Jesus with the disciples for the crowds
      5. Disciples move from onlookers to participants
      6. Jesus prepares them for ministry
        1. Teaching
        2. Preaching
        3. Healing
      7. Jesus sees the people and reveals His plan
  2. The crowds
    1. People knew the prophecies of Isaiah
      1. Son of David
      2. Ministry of the kingdom age
        1. Healing
        2. Blind see
        3. Deaf hear
        4. Lame walk
      3. Attribute the miracles to God
      4. Pharisees attribute the miracles to Satan
    2. Jesus was moved with compassion
      1. σπλαγχνίζομαι; splagchnizomai - to be moved in the inward parts
        1. σπλάγχνα; splachnon - intestines, bowels
        2. The deepest emotion felt in the gut
        3. "Butterflies"
        4. Pit of the stomach
        5. We say, "from the heart," the deepest part of me
          1. To ancient Hebrews, the mind was the heart
          2. The heart was the place thoughts were processed
          3. "For as he thinks in his heart, so is he" (Proverbs 23:7)
      2. Jesus has feelings and emotionally moved toward people
        1. When Lazarus died: "He groaned in the spirit and was troubled" (John 11:33)
        2. When arrested at the Garden: "Therefore, if you seek Me, let these go their way" (John 18:8)
        3. When He agonized over Jerusalem: "O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, the one who kills the prophets and stones those who are sent to her! How often I wanted to gather your children together, as a hen gathers her chicks under her wings, but you were not willing!" (Matthew 23:37)
        4. On the cross
          1. "Then Jesus said, 'Father, forgive them, for they do not know what they do'" (Luke 23:34)
          2. "Assuredly, I say to you, today you will be with Me in Paradise" (Luke 23:43)
          3. Care for His mother (see John 19:26-27)
      3. They were weary and scattered like sheep having no shepherd
        1. "They were distressed and dispirited like sheep without a shepherd" (Matthew 9:36 NASB)
        2. Jesus saw their inward condition: lives devastated by sin
        3. Scribes and Pharisees should have been shepherds
          1. False shepherds
          2. Didn't bind up their wounds
          3. Didn't ensure they were fed
        4. God wants to raise up shepherds to feed his flock
        5. "Woe to the shepherds of Israel who feed themselves! Should not the shepherds feed the flocks?" (Ezekiel 34:2)
    3. The harvest is plentiful, but the workers are few
      1. "There's much grain but not enough men to get it in." (Basic English New Testament)
      2. Figure of speech: Israel as stalks of grain that need to be brought in
      3. Need outweighs people to meet the need
      4. Jesus wants disciples to get involved
        1. Not more supervisors
        2. More laborers
  3. The Twelve
    1. Four lists in the New Testament (see Matthew 10:2-4; Mark 3:13-19; Luke 6:13-16; Acts 1:13)
      1. Three groups of four men
      2. Leaders
        1. Peter
        2. Philip
        3. James, son of Alphaeus
      3. Similarities
        1. Peter always listed first
        2. James and John are always coupled (James listed first; he is older)
        3. Judas Iscariot always named last
    2. Simon Peter
      1. Simon-one who listens
      2. Jesus renamed him Peter
      3. Impulsive
        1. After his profession: "From that time Jesus began to show to His disciples that He must go to Jerusalem, and suffer many things from the elders and chief priests and scribes, and be killed, and be raised the third day. Then Peter took Him aside and began to rebuke Him, saying, 'Far be it from You, Lord; this shall not happen to You!'  But He turned and said to Peter, 'Get behind Me, Satan! You are an offense to Me, for you are not mindful of the things of God, but the things of men'" (Matthew 16:21-23)
        2. Mount of Transfiguration: "Lord, it is good for us to be here; if You wish, let us make here three tabernacles: one for You, one for Moses, and one for Elijah" (Matthew 17:4)
        3. Cut off Malchus' ear (see John 18:10): "But Jesus said to him, 'Put your sword in its place, for all who take the sword will perish by the sword'" (Matthew 26:52)
        4. Denied Jesus
      4. Testimony of God's grace
        1. He chose him
        2. He developed him
        3. He restored him
    3. Andrew
      1. Means manliness
      2. Brother of Peter
      3. Disciple of John the Baptist
      4. Reluctant to trust in Christ
      5. At feeding of 5,000: "There is a lad here who has five barley loaves and two small fish, but what are they among so many?" (John 6:9)
    4. James and John
      1. Fishermen
      2. Sons of Zebedee
      3. Jesus called them Sons of Thunder
      4. "And when His disciples James and John saw this, they said, 'Lord, do You want us to command fire to come down from heaven and consume them, just as Elijah did?'" (Luke 9:54)
      5. John
        1. The disciple Jesus loved (see John 19:26; John 20:2; John 21:7; John 21:20)
          1. He wrote that about himself
          2. We should all see ourselves that way
        2. Author of: gospel of John, 1 John, 2 John, 3 John, Revelation
      6. James: first apostle martyred
    5. Philip
      1. Slow to comprehend spiritual truth
      2. Numbers man
      3. "Then Jesus lifted up His eyes, and seeing a great multitude coming toward Him, He said to Philip, 'Where shall we buy bread, that these may eat?'  But this He said to test him, for He Himself knew what He would do. Philip answered Him, 'Two hundred denarii worth of bread is not sufficient for them, that every one of them may have a little'" (John 6:5-7)
    6. Bartholomew (Nathanael)
      1. First apostle to doubt the Messiah
      2. "And Nathanael said to him, 'Can anything good come out of Nazareth?'" (John 1:46)
    7. Thomas
      1. Axiom for skepticism: doubting Thomas
      2. Pessimistic: "Then Thomas, who is called the Twin, said to his fellow disciples, 'Let us also go, that we may die with Him'" (John 11:16)
      3. Loyal
    8. Matthew
      1. Author of this gospel
      2. Converted tax collector
    9. James son of Alphaeus
      1. James the less
      2. Younger than James, the brother of John
    10. Labbaeus surname Thaddaeus (also called Judas the son of James)
    11. Simon the Canaanite
      1. Simon the zealot
      2. Zealots
        1. Religious political party
        2. Believe they should radically change culture through political involvement
      3. Tax collector and zealot on the same team
      4. Jesus takes those with differences and makes the church
    12. Judas Iscariot
      1. Iscariot-man from Kerioth
      2. He betrayed Jesus
  4. The Mission Discourse
    1. Second major discourse in Matthew
    2. Instructions to the twelve
      1. Until this time, Jesus doing all the work
      2. Now the twelve are sent
    3. Outline
      1. The Call (vv. 5-15)
      2. The Consequence (vv. 16-23)
      3. The Courage Needed (vv. 24-42)
    4. The steps
      1. Jesus saw the need
      2. Jesus sent the apostles
      3. Look at the harvest
      4. Pray
      5. They are the answer to their own prayer
    5. Solution to the world's need for Jesus
      1. Look at it
        1. See others as Jesus does
        2. See their need
      2. Pray for it
        1. Not just go
        2. You can always do more than pray after you have prayed; you can never do more than pray until you have prayed.
        3. "Go into all the world and preach the gospel to every creature" (Mark 16:15)
        4. "And being assembled together with them, He commanded them not to depart from Jerusalem, but to wait for the Promise of the Father, 'which,' He said, 'you have heard from Me; for John truly baptized with water, but you shall be baptized with the Holy Spirit not many days from now'" (Acts 1:4-5)
      3. Go for it
        1. If you pray for others, you become a worker
        2. May not go overseas with your feet, but you can and should go overseas with your knees
  5. The call: to the lost sheep of Israel
    1. Preach
      1. Κηρύσσετε; kēryssete-proclaim, herald, speak out
      2. Saying: "Preach the gospel and if necessary, use words"
        1. Untrue
        2. It's always necessary to use words
      3. The smaller commission
        1. Targeted on the Jewish nation
        2. The Jewish Messiah has come
        3. If they require proof, show them proof
    2. Heal
    3. Travel light
      1. Teaching them dependence
      2. Not always that way
      3. And He said to them, 'When I sent you without money bag, knapsack, and sandals, did you lack anything?' So they said, 'Nothing.' Then He said to them, "But now, he who has a money bag, let him take it, and likewise a knapsack; and he who has no sword, let him sell his garment and buy one" (Luke 22:35-36)
    4. Shake off the dust from your feet
      1. Rabbinical practice after traveling to a Gentile land
        1. Believed the Gentile dust would defile them
        2. Making a distinction between Jews and non-Jews
      2. Disassociate self from a idolatry
      3. Proclamation of judgment
      4. If they don't receive the apostles, they don't receive the message. If they don't receive the message, they don't receive Jesus as King. If they don't receive Jesus, they don't receive the Father
      5. Paul and Barnabas did this at Antioch (see Acts 13)
  6. The consequences: persecution
    1. Going into hostile territory
      1. Sheep in the midst of wolves
      2. A target painted on you
      3. The enemy will do everything he can to stop you
    2. Do not worry about how or what you should speak
      1. Not an excuse for laziness
      2. Context: in time of persecution
    3. Tribulation: God will deliver them
  7. The courage needed: being a fearless witness
    1. Beelzebub-Satan
    2. Gospel will be public knowledge
    3. God providentially controls seemingly trivial events
    4. Every aspect of life is monitored and under God's control

 

Greek Terms: μαθηταῖς; mathētais; learners, disciples; σπλαγχνίζομαι; splagchnizomai - to be moved in the inward parts; σπλάγχνα; splachnon - intestines, bowels; Κηρύσσετε; kēryssete-proclaim, herald, speak out

Cross references: Ezekiel 34:2; Proverbs 23:7; Matthew 9:36; Matthew 10:2-4; Matthew 16:21-23; Matthew 17:4; Matthew 23:37; Matthew 26:52; Mark 3:13-19; Mark 16:15; Luke 6:13-16; Luke 9:54; Luke 22:35-36; Luke 23:34; Luke 23:43; John 1:46; John 3:3; John 6:5-7; John 6:9; John 11:16; John 11:33; John 18:8; John 18:10; John 19:26-27; John 20:2; John 21:7; John 21:20; Acts 1:4-5; Acts 1:13; Acts 13

 


 

SERIES: 40 Matthew - 2011
MESSAGE: Matthew 10:32-11:19
SPEAKER: Skip Heitzig
SCRIPTURE: Matthew 10:32-11:19
URL: http://SkipHeitzig.com/1006

MESSAGE SUMMARY
In His second major discourse of Matthew, Jesus equips and instructs His apostles about going into the world and reaping the spiritual harvest. In this passage, Jesus expounds on the courage needed to complete the mission and warns His followers of certain persecution. He reminds us that while not all who hear will believe, God's wisdom is powerfully demonstrated in changed lives.

STUDY GUIDE
Matthew 11
“Wisdom is justified by her children.”
Matthew 11:19


PRAYER: Father, please help me to see the mighty works of Christ in my life that I might repent, come to Him, and find rest for my soul.
Journal your prayer here:






PREVIEW: In Matthew 11, Jesus speaks of the people’s rejection of John the Baptist and Him, warning them of the coming judgment for not receiving the message of repentance. He offers rest to the souls of those who receive this message and take His yoke upon their lives.


Matthew 11 Outline:
Rejection of John the Baptist - Read Matthew 11:2-15
Rejection by Jesus’ Generation - Read Matthew 11:16-19
Rejection of Chorazin, Bethsaida, and Capernaum – Read Matthew 11:20-24
Invitation to Come to Jesus – Read Matthew 11:25-30

Matthew 11:1 Now it came to pass, when Jesus finished commanding His twelve disciples, that He departed from there to teach and to preach in their cities.
Rejection of John the Baptist - Read Matthew 11:2-15
2 And when John had heard in prison about the works of Christ, he sent two of his disciples
3 and said to Him, “Are You the Coming One, or do we look for another?”
4 Jesus answered and said to them, “Go and tell John the things which you hear and see:
5 The blind see and the lame walk; the lepers are cleansed and the deaf hear; the dead are raised up and the poor have the gospel preached to them.
6 And blessed is he who is not offended because of Me.”
7 As they departed, Jesus began to say to the multitudes concerning John: “What did you go out into the wilderness to see? A reed shaken by the wind?
8 But what did you go out to see? A man clothed in soft garments? Indeed, those who wear soft clothing are in kings’ houses.
9 But what did you go out to see? A prophet? Yes, I say to you, and more than a prophet.
10 For this is he of whom it is written: ‘Behold, I send My messenger before Your face, Who will prepare Your way before You.’
11 “Assuredly, I say to you, among those born of women there has not risen one greater than John the Baptist; but he who is least in the kingdom of heaven is greater than he.
12 And from the days of John the Baptist until now the kingdom of heaven suffers violence, and the violent take it by force.
13 For all the prophets and the law prophesied until John.
14 And if you are willing to receive it, he is Elijah who is to come.
15 He who has ears to hear, let him hear!
1. Read John's confession in John 1:29-34. Why do you think John, who was in prison (v. 3), doubted who Jesus is?




2. What did Jesus tell John's disciples to tell him (v. 4)?






3. Why is what Jesus told John's disciples (v.4-5) so significant? How would what they saw answer John's questions?




4. How might people be offended (v. 5) by Jesus? (See Isaiah 8:14-15, Romans 9:32, and 1 Peter 2:8.)






5. PROPOUND: When Jesus refers to a reed shaken by the wind (Matthew 11:7), what do you think He is saying?




6. Jesus asked the multitudes what they went into the wilderness to see: “A man clothed in soft garments” (v. 8). Was John clothed in soft garments? (See Matthew 3:4.)




7. Jesus, referring to John the Baptist, called him a prophet (v. 9) and the fulfillment of the prophecy (v. 10) from Malachi 3:1. When John himself was asked, "Who are you?" who did John say he was and who did he say he wasn't? (See John 1:19-23.)




8. Jesus said, "Among those born of women there has not risen one greater than John the Baptist...." Who does Jesus say is greater than John (v. 11)?




9. PRODUCE: Jesus said the kingdom of heaven is taken by force (Matthew 11:12). How do you think that is done? Share your answer with the group.






10. PROCEED: Jesus said that John the Baptist "is Elijah who is to come." (Matthew 11:14) Share with the group what is meant by this statement. (See Malachi 4:5, Matthew 17:10–13, Mark 9:11–13, Luke 1:17, and John 1:21.)




11. PRACTICE: In Matthew 11:15, Jesus said, "He who has ears to hear, let him hear!" What is meant by this statement? How can you be sure that you're "hearing"?



12. PROPOUND: Do you have ears to hear? What should you be doing? (See Luke 8:8 and Revelation 2:7, 11, 17, 29.)




Rejection by Jesus’ Generation - Read Matthew 11:16-19
16 “But to what shall I liken this generation? It is like children sitting in the marketplaces and calling to their companions,
17 and saying: ‘We played the flute for you, And you did not dance; We mourned to you, And you did not lament.’
18 For John came neither eating nor drinking, and they say, ‘He has a demon.’
19 The Son of Man came eating and drinking, and they say, ‘Look, a glutton and a winebibber, a friend of tax collectors and sinners!’ But wisdom is justified by her children.”
13. PROPOUND: Jesus refers to comments claiming John had a demon (v. 18). What do they say about Jesus in Matthew 9:34 and 12:22-24?




14. PROCLAIM: What point does Jesus make by comparing the generation of those hearing His words to children sitting in the marketplaces (Matthew 11:16-17)?




15. PROTECT: In Matthew 11:19, Jesus said, “Wisdom is justified by her children.” It is rendered as, “But wisdom is proved right by her actions,” in the NIV. Meditate upon this statement. Jesus used it in reference to Himself and John (v. 19). What does it mean?


Rejection of Chorazin, Bethsaida, and Capernaum – Read Matthew 11:20-24
20 Then He began to rebuke the cities in which most of His mighty works had been done, because they did not repent:
21 “Woe to you, Chorazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida! For if the mighty works which were done in you had been done in Tyre and Sidon, they would have repented long ago in sackcloth and ashes.
22 But I say to you, it will be more tolerable for Tyre and Sidon in the day of judgment than for you.
23 And you, Capernaum, who are exalted to heaven, will be brought down to Hades; for if the mighty works which were done in you had been done in Sodom, it would have remained until this day.
24 But I say to you that it shall be more tolerable for the land of Sodom in the day of judgment than for you.”
16. Why did Jesus rebuke these cities (v. 20)?






17. Tyre and Sidon were Gentile cities; Chorazin and Bethsaida were cities near Galilee. Most of Jesus’ mighty works were done in these cities (v. 20). Why is it important to recognize and acknowledge the works of God in your life? (See also Luke 12:48.)








18. PROPOUND: Jesus used the word woe when addressing these cities. What does that word mean?








19. Capernaum was considered Jesus’ hometown (Matthew 4:13). Jesus compared this city to Sodom, which was judged with fire (Genesis 19:24-28). Why did Jesus judge this city so harshly? Who else does Jesus judge in the same manner? (See Matthew 10:15.)

Invitation to Come to Jesus – Read Matthew 11:25-30
25 At that time Jesus answered and said, “I thank You, Father, Lord of heaven and earth, that You have hidden these things from the wise and prudent and have revealed them to babes.
26 Even so, Father, for so it seemed good in Your sight.
27 All things have been delivered to Me by My Father, and no one knows the Son except the Father. Nor does anyone know the Father except the Son, and the one to whom the Son wills to reveal Him.
28 Come to Me, all you who labor and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest.
29 Take My yoke upon you and learn from Me, for I am gentle and lowly in heart, and you will find rest for your souls.
30 For My yoke is easy and My burden is light.”
20. PROPOUND: In Matthew 11:25, Jesus thanked His Father for hiding “these things” from the wise and prudent. What are some of the “things” He is referring to? (See Matthew 13:11, Matthew 16:17, and John 14:6-7, 15:15.)




21. PROPOUND: Jesus said that His Father reveals the hidden things to babes. Who are babes? Are you a babe? How do you become a babe? (See Matthew 18:3, 19:14, Acts 4:13, and 1 Corinthians 1:27.)






22. Jesus said, “Nor does anyone know the Father except the Son…” (v. 27). How does a person come to know the Father (v. 27)? (See also John 14:6-10, 1 John 2:23, and 1 John 5:20.)






23. PROMOTE: How does Jesus say a person who labors and is heavy laden can obtain rest (Matthew 11:28-29)? (See also John 3:16-17 and 6:37.)








24. PROPOUND: Jesus said to take His yoke upon you (Matthew 11:29). What is a yoke?






25. Jesus said we should take His yoke upon us and learn from Him (v. 29). How do we learn from Him? (See John 13:15, 1 Peter 2:21, and 1 John 2:6.)






26. How does Jesus describe His yoke that He wants us to take upon ourselves (v. 30)? (See also 1 John 5:3.)






PROCESS: Take some time to review what you’ve learned in Matthew 11. Be sure to highlight what the Lord shows you so you can share it with the group.




PRAY: Father, thank You for Jesus’ mighty works seen in Your Word. Help us to repent, obey your Word, and take Your yoke upon ourselves.
Journal your prayer here:



DETAILED NOTES

  1. Introduction
    1. Christianity in the Roman empire
      1. 60 million slaves (almost half the population)
        1. Many slaves Christians
          1. Gospel attractive to poor and downtrodden
          2. Treated masters with dignity and respect
        2. Slave owners and royalty came to Christ (household of Caesar [see Philippians 4:22])
        3. Believers treated one another as brothers and sisters under one Master: Christ
        4. Socio-economic status effected
      2. Romans suspicious of Christians and leveled false accusations
        1. Cannibals; the Lord's Supper
        2. Revolutionaries
          1. Refused to say Caesar is Lord
            1. Κύριος Καίσαραςkurios  Kaisaros; Caesar is lord
            2. Jesus is Lord
          2. Spoke of Jesus the King, who is coming to rule and reign
        3. Immoral
          1. Romans were lewd and immoral
          2. Accused of drunken orgies; love feasts
      3. Jesus predicted the persecution
    2. Background
      1. "Behold, I send you out as sheep in the midst of wolves" (Matthew 10:16)
      2. Expect persecution
        1. From religious circles
        2. In secular courts
        3. In personal circles
      3. Problem: "The harvest truly is plentiful, but the laborers are few" (Matthew 9:37)
      4. Solution
        1. Look at it; see people as Jesus does
        2. Pray for it; "Therefore pray the Lord of the harvest to send out laborers into His harvest" (Matthew 9:38)
        3. Go for it; commissioned to go
    3. Outline of Matthew
      1. Revelation of the kingdom (chapters 1-10)
        1. Person; in genealogical records back to David
        2. Prophet; John the Baptist (see Matthew 3:3)
        3. Preaching; Sermon on the Mount
        4. Power; ten recorded miracles
        5. People; the 12 apostles
      2. Reaction against the kingdom (chapters 11-12)
        1. John the Baptist doubts
        2. Capernaum, Chorazin, Bethsaida indifferent
        3. Pharisees hostile
        4. His own family thinks He is crazy
      3. Retirement of the King
        1. Withdraws from public life
        2. Tells the kingdom parables
      4. Rejection of the King
      5. Resurrection of the King
  2. The consequence: Matthew 10:32-42
    1. Outward confession is inward reflection
      1. What you believe is demonstrated outwardly
      2. No such thing as secret discipleship
        1. True disciples desire to see others follow Christ
        2. True disciples tell others how to come into relationship with Christ
        3. μαθητὴς; mathētēs; disciple
    2. "Do not think that I came to bring peace on earth. I did not come to bring peace but a sword" (v. 34)
      1. Shocking statement
        1. Jesus the Prince of peace
        2. "Glory to God in the highest, And on earth peace, goodwill toward men!" (Luke 2:14)
        3. Disciples’ idea of Messiah included unity of families and Israel
      2. Not Jesus' goal to deliberately divide people
      3. Division is the effect of the gospel
        1. Ultimately the gospel brings peace
          1. Inwardly when you receive Him
          2. When He reigns on the earth
        2. Intermediately, the gospel brings division
          1. The good news comes with bad news
          2. Not everyone believes
    3. God is a jealous God
      1. He loves the family
        1. The family is His idea
        2. "Therefore a man shall leave his father and mother and be joined to his wife, and they shall become one flesh" (Genesis 2:24)
      2. Family is never to be our number one priority
      3. God comes first
        1. Obedience to Christ
        2. "Well I pledge my wife to heaven, for the Gospel,
          Though our love each passing day just seems to grow.
          As I told her when we wed, I'd surely rather be found dead,
          Than to love her more than the one who saved my soul."—"Pledge My Head to Heaven," by Keith Green
    4. The cross
      1. First mention verse 38
      2. Take up your cross
        1. Not trial or hardship
        2. Jesus faced many trials before the cross
        3. Roman torture and execution
        4. Prisoners carried their own cross to execution
      3. Die
        1. To our own ambitions
        2. To our own plans
        3. To our own comfort
      4. Follow after Him obediently
    5. Paradox of the Christian life
      1. We find our life by losing it
      2. Give up all
      3. "But what things were gain to me, these I have counted loss for Christ. Yet indeed I also count all things loss for the excellence of the knowledge of Christ Jesus my Lord, for whom I have suffered the loss of all things, and count them as rubbish, that I may gain Christ and be found in Him, not having my own righteousness, which is from the law, but that which is through faith in Christ, the righteousness which is from God by faith" (Philippians 3:7-9)
      4. Moses gave up treasure of Egypt to suffer with Israel (see Hebrews 11:25)
      5. The worst God offers is better than the best the world offers
    6. Prophets are spokesmen for another
      1. Old Testament prophets spoke for God
      2. Apostles spoke for Christ
        1. Represent Christ
        2. Not everyone rejects the gospel
    7. Persecution
      1. Darkest days of persecution were days of greatest revival
        1. In ancient Rome, the gospel spread
        2. "The blood of the martyrs is the seed of the church."—Tertullian
        3. In China, church experienced greatest growth under harsh government
      2. "Jesus answered, 'My kingdom is not of this world'" (John 18:36)
        1. "In the year that King Uzziah died, I saw the Lord sitting on a throne, high and lifted up, and the train of His robe filled the temple" (Isaiah 6:1)
        2. The Lord reigns regardless of who is in office
      3. As days grow dark, be glad
        1. Separates the chaff from the wheat
        2. The darker it is, the brighter light shines
  3. The confrontation: Matthew 11:1-19
    1.  John the Baptist
      1. In prison
        1. Confronted Herod Antipas about his affair with his brother Phillip's wife, Herodius
        2. Machaerus prison
        3. "He must increase, but I must decrease" (John 3:30)
      2. Doubt and uncertainty
        1. The prophets said Messiah would open prison doors and set captives free
        2. He expected Messiah to act in kingdom authority
        3. Leaders go through periods of doubt
          1. Moses did not want to lead Israel
          2. Elijah wanted to die
          3. Jeremiah wanted to quit
          4. All believers, especially leaders, become targets
        4. John had a different perspective than New Testament believers
      3. Jesus’ answer: What you hear and see
        1. The witness, your testimony
        2. Reed: at the Jordan River
          1. Flexible, easily moved
          2. John was unbendable, inflexible
          3. "He is a double-minded man, unstable in all his ways" (James 1:8)
        3. Self-denial
          1. Camel's hair
          2. Ate bugs
      4. John: the prophet who fulfilled prophecy
      5. "Among those born of women there has not risen one greater than John the Baptist; but he who is least in the kingdom of heaven is greater than he" (v. 11)
        1. Worldly standards of greatness
          1. Wealth
          2. Education
          3. Prominence
          4. Neither John the Baptist or Jesus met standards
        2. What made John the Baptist great
          1. Filled with the Holy Spirit from the womb (see Luke 1:15)
          2. Faithfully proclaimed Christ
          3. Forerunner of Christ
          4. Turned many to repentance
          5. Last of Old Testament prophets
            1. New covenant not yet established
            2. See verse 13
    2. "He who is least in the kingdom of heaven is greater than he" (v. 11)
      1. Not in character
      2. In position
        1. John the Baptist anticipated the kingdom
        2. He died before the death, burial, and resurrection of Jesus
    3. Violent take the kingdom by force
      1. John's message evoked strong reactions
        1. Physical abuse
        2. Verbal abuse
      2. They tried to take Jesus by force (see John 6:15)
      3. Force the Messianic kingdom and overthrow Rome
      4. Pressing into it (See Luke 16:16)
        1. It keeps moving
        2. The tenacious are found in it
    4. Elijah who is to come
      1. "Behold, I will send you Elijah the prophet Before the coming of the great and dreadful day of the Lord. And he will turn The hearts of the fathers to the children, And the hearts of the children to their fathers, Lest I come and strike the earth with a curse" (Malachi 4:5-6)
      2. John the Baptist
        1. "He will also go before Him in the spirit and power of Elijah, 'to turn the hearts of the fathers to the children,'" (Luke 1:17)
        2. Not the person of Elijah
        3. A preview of the Elijah who will come in the end times
          1. "'Assuredly, I say to you, there are some standing here who shall not taste death till they see the Son of Man coming in His kingdom.'" Now after six days Jesus took Peter, James, and John his brother, led them up on a high mountain by themselves; and He was transfigured before them. His face shone like the sun, and His clothes became as white as the light. And behold, Moses and Elijah appeared to them, talking with Him. Then Peter answered and said to Jesus, 'Lord, it is good for us to be here; if You wish, let us make here three tabernacles: one for You, one for Moses, and one for Elijah.' While he was still speaking, behold, a bright cloud overshadowed them; and suddenly a voice came out of the cloud, saying, 'This is My beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased. Hear Him!' And when the disciples heard it, they fell on their faces and were greatly afraid. But Jesus came and touched them and said, 'Arise, and do not be afraid.' When they had lifted up their eyes, they saw no one but Jesus only. Now as they came down from the mountain, Jesus commanded them, saying, 'Tell the vision to no one until the Son of Man is risen from the dead.' And His disciples asked Him, saying, 'Why then do the scribes say that Elijah must come first?' Jesus answered and said to them, 'Indeed, Elijah is coming first and will restore all things. But I say to you that Elijah has come already, and they did not know him but did to him whatever they wished. Likewise the Son of Man is also about to suffer at their hands.' Then the disciples understood that He spoke to them of John the Baptist" (Matthew 16:28-17:13)
          2. Elijah did not die
          3. Moses’ body was disputed over and preserved for future ministry
          4. Two witnesses of Revelation 11
            1. Moses, the Law giver
            2. Elijah, the greatest prophet
    5. The children of Israel like little children
      1. Acted like spoiled brats
      2. Scribes and Pharisees
        1. Thought John the Baptist was too harsh
        2. Though Jesus took too much liberty
      3. Child's games
        1. Wedding
        2. Funeral
      4. The problem isn't with the message of the messenger, it's with the people
      5. God's wisdom is demonstrated in changed lives

Greek Terms: Κύριος Καίσαρας;  kurios  Kaisaros: Caesar is Lord; μαθητὴς; mathētēs: disciple
Figures Referenced: Tertullian
Publications Referenced: "Pledge My Head to Heaven," by Keith Green
Cross References: Genesis 2:24; Isaiah 6:1; Malachi 4:5-6; Matthew 3:3; Matthew 9:37; Matthew 9:38; Matthew 10:16; Matthew 16:28-17:13; Luke 1:15; Luke 1:17; Luke 2:14; Luke 16:16; John 3:30; John 6:15; John 18:36; Philippians 3:7-9; Philippians 4:22; Hebrews 11:25; James 1:8; Revelation 11

Topic: persecution

Keywords: persecution; kingdom; division, peace

 


 

SERIES: 40 Matthew - 2011
MESSAGE: Matthew 11:16-30
SPEAKER: Skip Heitzig
SCRIPTURE: Matthew 11:16-30
URL: http://SkipHeitzig.com/1008

MESSAGE SUMMARY
In order to truly worship God, you must know Him. Speaking clearly and openly in this passage, Jesus proclaims some of His strongest warnings and makes some of His most intimate promises. He reveals the Father to His followers and assures us that life lived under His rule yields peace and rest.

DETAILED NOTES

  1. Introduction
    1. God's silence
      1. 400 years between Malachi and Matthew
      2. No prophets speak; nothing more to say
    2. John the Baptist
      1. Last of the Old Testament prophets
        1. "The law and the prophets were until John" (Luke 16:16).
        2. John pointed to the New Testament kingdom
        3. "Among those born of women there has not risen one greater than John the Baptist; but he who is least in the kingdom of heaven is greater than he" (Matthew 11:11)
      2. In prison
        1. Machaerus
          1. Jordanian desert
          2. 5 miles east, 20 miles south of the Dead Sea
        2. Rebuked Herod for illicit marriage to his brother's wife
        3. Will be beheaded
      3. Doubt's Jesus' identity
        1. Came to set prisoners free (see Isaiah 61:1)
        2. Sends two disciples: "Are You the Coming One, or do we look for another?" (Matthew 11:3)
    3. Some of the most spiritual people struggle with doubt
      1. C.H. Spurgeon suffered depression
      2. Martin Luther suffered depression
      3. Moses didn't want to lead; send someone else
      4. Jeremiah wanted to quit
      5. Elijah wanted to die
      6. 1600 ministers per month leave the ministry
        1. 70% felt called before they began
        2. 50% sensed the same calling after three years
    4. Jesus deals with John's doubt: "Go and tell John the things which you hear and see:  The blind see and the lame walk; the lepers are cleansed and the deaf hear; the dead are raised up and the poor have the gospel preached to them" (Matthew 11:4-5)
  2. Jesus deals with the crowd in general
    1. "He who has ears to hear, let him hear!" (v. 15)
      1. Common phrase of Jesus
      2. When truth is given, we must pay attention
      3. Better not to hear than to hear and not respond
    2. Jesus chides the audience
      1. Some are never satisfied—no matter what
        1. Like children's games mimicking adult rituals
          1. Wedding
          2. Funeral
        2. John the Baptist
          1. Funeral
          2. Rigid,  denunciatory
          3. Called legalistic, narrow-minded
          4. More conservative than Pharisees
        3. Jesus
          1. Wedding
          2. Joy, celebration
          3. "Then the disciples of John came to Him, saying, 'Why do we and the Pharisees fast often, but Your disciples do not fast?' And Jesus said to them, 'Can the friends of the bridegroom mourn as long as the bridegroom is with them?'" (Matthew 9:14-15)
      2. The problem is with you
      3. Truth justifies itself by what it produces
        1. Ministries of John the Baptist and Jesus
        2. Validated in the lives of the followers
      4. A mild rebuke
    3. Jesus' harsh rebuke
      1. The cities in which most of His mighty works had been done
        1. Miraculous works
        2. Δυνάμεις; dynameis - miracles
        3. Jesus compares three contemporary cities with three ancient cities
        4. Three cities thought to be special compared
      2. For a person to go to hell, they need to do nothing
        1. When truth is presented and you don't have the right response
          1. Marginalize truth
          2. Deny truth
          3. Spurn truth
          4. Reject truth
        2. "But everyone who hears these sayings of Mine, and does not do them, will be like a foolish man who built his house on the sand: and the rain descended, the floods came, and the winds blew and beat on that house; and it fell. And great was its fall" (Matthew 7:26-27).
      3. Placed blessed to have Jesus there
        1. Three cities on the northwest shore of Galilee
          1. Capernaum
            1. Jesus' headquarters
            2. "His own city" (see Matthew 9:1)
            3. Peter's home and business
          2. Corazin
          3. Bethsaida
            1. Andrew's home
            2. Town of Phillip
            3. Where Jesus miraculously fed thousands
        2. Saw enough miraculous works that Jesus' ministry was accredited
      4. Woe
        1. Oi!
        2. Οὐαί; Ouai-woe
        3. What a pity!
        4. Oh how terrible
      5. Notoriously wicked places
        1. Sodom
          1. Topped their list of evil cities
          2. One of five cities of the plain
          3. Known for unusual lust, lewdness, pride, oppression of the poor
        2. Tyre and Sidon
          1. Bad reputation
          2. Imported and exported filth
          3. Old Testament prophets pronounced judgments against them
      6. Even worse than a place notorious for wickedness are areas who have Jesus, but don't receive Him
      7. Do you think you shall exalted to heaven?
      8. Miracles
        1. Jairus' daughter healed
        2. Nobleman's son healed
        3. Centurion's servant healed
        4. Demoniac healed
        5. Man with withered hand healed
        6. Peter's mother in law healed
        7. Paralytic healed
      9. More tolerable
        1. Degrees of punishment in hell
        2. Degrees of reward in heaven
          1. According to our works
          2. Saved by grace
    4. Jesus' promises
      1. Jesus answered
        1. Spoke openly to God
        2. Wants others to hear
        3. Father
          1. Spoke intimately
          2. Taught His disciples to call God "Father"
          3. Pray directly to the Father in Jesus name
            1. On the merit and character of Jesus
            2. Not: "In Your Name"
      2. "Wise and prudent"
        1. Sanctified sarcasm
        2. Wise and prudent in their own eyes
        3. Scribes and Pharisees
        4. Wisdom of men
      3. Babes
        1. Jesus makes truth simple
        2. Even a child can understand
        3. Born again
        4. "For you see your calling, brethren, that not many wise according to the flesh, not many mighty, not many noble, are called.  But God has chosen the foolish things of the world to put to shame the wise, and God has chosen the weak things of the world to put to shame the things which are mighty" (1 Corinthians 1:21-31)
          1. Few of the brilliant respond
          2. Paul was brilliant
          3. The wise have walls that impede them
          4. Simple faith
          5. The poor in spirit know they need Him
  3. Jesus addresses His disciples
    1. Reveal
      1. Prerequisite is revelation
      2. God has revealed Himself to us
      3. A person cannot find God by just any path he or she chooses
        1. "He who believes in the Son has everlasting life; and he who does not believe the Son shall not see life, but the wrath of God abides on him" (John 3:36)
        2. Many claim to know God, but do not unless they receive Christ
        3. "He who believes in the Son of God has the witness in himself; he who does not believe God has made Him a liar, because he has not believed the testimony that God has given of His Son. And this is the testimony: that God has given us eternal life, and this life is in His Son. He who has the Son has life; he who does not have the Son of God does not have life" (1 John 5:10-12)
        4. We need a relationship with God through Christ
      4. "He who has seen Me has seen the Father" (John 14:9)
      5. We are confined to time and space; in a natural world
      6. God lives in a supernatural world
      7. We are incapable of reaching beyond the natural world to reach God
      8. God must reach into the natural world: the incarnation
    2. Come to Me
      1. Not a ritual, religion, or church
      2. A person
    3. Heavy laden
      1. Perfect passive participle: burden laid on you
      2. Religion does that
      3. "For they bind heavy burdens, hard to bear, and lay them on men's shoulders; but they themselves will not move them with one of their fingers" (Matthew 23:4)
      4. "Now therefore, why do you test God by putting a yoke on the neck of the disciples which neither our fathers nor we were able to bear?" (Acts 15:10)
    4. "My yoke is easy and My burden is light" (v.30)
      1. Yoke:  steering device placed on an animal
      2. Metaphor of submission
      3. Let Jesus control your life
      4. "Cast your burden on the Lord" (Psalm 55:22)
      5. Jesus carries the heavy stuff
    5. Disciples
      1. μαθητὴς; mathētēs: disciple, learner
      2. How teachable are you?

Greek terms: Δυνάμεις; dynameis - miracles; μαθητὴς; mathētēs: disciple, learner
Cross references: Psalm 55:22; Isaiah 61:1; Matthew 7:26-27; Matthew 9:1; Matthew 9:14-15; Matthew 11:3; Matthew 11:4-5; Matthew 11:11; Matthew 23:4; Luke 16:16; John 3:36; John 14:9; Acts 15:10; 1 Corinthians 1:21-31; 1 John 5:10-12

Topic: Christian Living

Keywords: yoke, burden

 


 

SERIES: 40 Matthew - 2011
MESSAGE: Matthew 12:1-21
SPEAKER: Skip Heitzig
SCRIPTURE: Matthew 12:1-21
URL: http://SkipHeitzig.com/1010

MESSAGE SUMMARY
Though God intended the Sabbath to be a day of rest, keeping the Sabbath became difficult work by New Testament times. The oral traditions of the Pharisees had become weighty burdens-burdens the Lord did not mean for His people to bear. In this passage, Jesus demonstrates mercy and the true intent of the Sabbath as He and His disciples meet physical needs in the face of strong opposition.

STUDY GUIDE
Matthew 12:1-21
Then He said to the man, “Stretch out your hand.” And he stretched it out, and it was restored as whole as the other.
Matthew 12:13
PRAYER: Father, please teach me to do what the man with the withered hand did when Jesus said, “Stretch out your hand.”
Journal your prayer here:




PREVIEW: In Matthew 12:1-21, Jesus confronts the Pharisees about doing what is lawful on the Sabbath, heals a man with a withered hand, and the Pharisees reject Him and plot His death.
Matthew 12:1-21 Outline:
Controversy over Sabbath-Labor - Read Matthew 12:1-8
Controversy over Sabbath-Healing - Read Matthew 12:9-13
Pharisees Plan to Destroy Christ - Read Matthew 12:14-21



Controversy Over Sabbath-Labor – Read Matthew 12:1-8
Matthew 12:1–8 (NKJV)
1 At that time Jesus went through the grainfields on the Sabbath. And His disciples were hungry, and began to pluck heads of grain and to eat.
2 And when the Pharisees saw it, they said to Him, “Look, Your disciples are doing what is not lawful to do on the Sabbath!”
3 But He said to them, “Have you not read what David did when he was hungry, he and those who were with him:
4 how he entered the house of God and ate the showbread which was not lawful for him to eat, nor for those who were with him, but only for the priests?
5 Or have you not read in the law that on the Sabbath the priests in the temple profane the Sabbath, and are blameless?
6 Yet I say to you that in this place there is One greater than the temple.
7 But if you had known what this means, ‘I desire mercy and not sacrifice,’ you would not have condemned the guiltless.
8 For the Son of Man is Lord even of the Sabbath.”
1. Jesus and His disciples traveled through grain fields on a Sabbath day, and began to pluck and eat heads of grain (v. 1). The Pharisees said what they were doing was not lawful to do on the Sabbath (v. 2). Were their actions lawful? (See Deuteronomy 23:25.)




2. Jesus referred the Pharisees to 1 Samuel 21:1-6, when David and his men ate the showbread. Who alone was allowed to eat the showbread (v. 4)?




3. Again, Jesus referred to the Scriptures when responding to the Pharisees’ accusation that He and His disciples were violating the Sabbath. He compared them to the priests who “profane the Sabbath, and are blameless.” How did the priests profane the Sabbath? (See Numbers 28:9-10.)




4. PROPOUND: Twice Jesus said to the Pharisees, “Have you not read…” Why is it important to know what the Bible says and how it applies to your life’s circumstances?






5. PROPOUND: Jesus said, “One greater than the temple” was in that place (v. 6). Who is the “One” He refers to, and why should they have recognized this One? (See also Matthew 12:41-42.)




6. PROPOUND: Jesus identified with a prophet (v. 7), the priests (v. 5), and a king (v.3) to make the point to the Pharisees: If they had known the Scriptures, they would not have done what they did. What did they do (v. 7)?




7. When capitalized, the term “Son of Man” (v. 8) refers to God’s Messiah, destined to preside over the final judgment of mankind. Jesus often used this term regarding Himself. What does Jesus say the Son of Man is Lord over? Read Hebrews 4 to discover how true rest is found in Him—how Jesus is the Sabbath that we all seek.




Controversy over Sabbath-Healing – Read Matthew 12:9-13
Matthew 12:9–13 (NKJV)
9 Now when He had departed from there, He went into their synagogue.
10 And behold, there was a man who had a withered hand. And they asked Him, saying, “Is it lawful to heal on the Sabbath?”—that they might accuse Him.
11 Then He said to them, “What man is there among you who has one sheep, and if it falls into a pit on the Sabbath, will not lay hold of it and lift it out?
12 Of how much more value then is a man than a sheep? Therefore it is lawful to do good on the Sabbath.”
13 Then He said to the man, “Stretch out your hand.” And he stretched it out, and it was restored as whole as the other.
8. Jesus left the grain fields and went into the synagogue, where He encountered a man with a withered hand. The Pharisees asked Jesus a question. What is the question and why did they ask Him?






9. PROPOUND: Read Luke 13:10-17. What is the Pharisees’ attitude toward healing on the Sabbath?






10. Jesus answers their question with a question. When He does this, He is often trying to get the person to see a truth about themselves or their situation. What truth does He want the Pharisees to see (v. 12)?






11. PROPOUND: Jesus answers their question with a second question, “Of how much more value then is a man than a sheep?” What is the answer to this question? (See Matthew 10:29, Luke 12:7, and John 3:16.)






12. Jesus now directly answers their question. What was His answer (v. 12)?






13. PRODUCE: The Sabbath was to be a day of rest, and the Jews were not to do any work (see Exodus 20:8-11). Carefully examine how Jesus healed the man with the withered hand (see Matthew 12:9-13). Share with the group how Jesus still heals in this manner today.






14. PRACTICE: You might have a part of your life that is “withered,” as the man’s hand was in Matthew 12:9-13. What specifically did the man with the withered hand do to have his hand restored (see Matthew 12:13)?






15. PROTECT: The man with the withered hand obeyed the words of Christ, and his hand was restored as whole as the other. Think about how you can apply this principle of obedience to the “withered” areas in your life?
Pharisees Plan to Destroy Christ – Read Matthew 12:14-21
Matthew 12:14–21 (NKJV)
14 Then the Pharisees went out and plotted against Him, how they might destroy Him.
15 But when Jesus knew it, He withdrew from there. And great multitudes followed Him, and He healed them all.
16 Yet He warned them not to make Him known,
17 that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by Isaiah the prophet, saying:
18 “Behold! My Servant whom I have chosen, My Beloved in whom My soul is well pleased! I will put My Spirit upon Him, And He will declare justice to the Gentiles.
19 He will not quarrel nor cry out, Nor will anyone hear His voice in the streets.
20 A bruised reed He will not break, And smoking flax He will not quench, Till He sends forth justice to victory;
21 And in His name Gentiles will trust.”
16. What was the Pharisees’ response to Jesus healing the man’s withered hand (v. 14)?






17. PROPOUND: The healing of the man’s withered hand should have prompted a response like the one in Matthew 9:33: “And the multitudes marveled, saying, ‘It was never seen like this in Israel!’” However, Matthew 12 shows the rejection of Jesus, despite the authenticating miracles He performed. Who did Jesus say He came for, and what was their response? (See Matthew 15:24 and John 1:11.)






18. How did Jesus respond to their rejection (v. 15)?






19. PROCEED: How did Jesus respond to the Pharisees’ rejection of Him (see Matthew 12:15)? Share with the group how Jesus might have this same response to us when He is trying to show us something and we reject it. (See Romans 10:3, Hebrews 3:8; 3:15; 4:8; 12:9, and James 4:7-10.)




20. PROPOUND: Although the Pharisees rejected Jesus, great multitudes continued to follow Him. How many of them did Jesus heal (v. 15)?




21. Matthew used Isaiah 42:1-4, the longest Old Testament quote in his gospel, to summarize the quiet ministry of the Lord’s servant (vv. 18-21). Who does this prophecy say will trust in His Name, and to whom will He declare justice?




22. PROCLAIM: In the Isaiah prophesy quoted in Matthew 12:18-21, the Trinity is clearly seen in verse 18. By what name does the Father refer to the Son? (See also Matthew 3:17; 17:5.) How has He declared justice (v. 18) to you, and have you put your trust in His name (v. 21)?




23. PROMOTE: Often, Jesus would warn His hearers “not to make Him known” (see Matthew 12:16). Why would He do that? Why should we do just the opposite? (See Matthew 28:18-20 and Ephesians 6:19-20.)




PROCESS: Take time to review what you’ve learned about what is lawful to do on the Sabbath and what you need to do with the withered areas of your life. Highlight what the Lord shows you so you can share it with the group.
PRAY: Father, thank You for sending your beloved Son. Please help me to obey His words when He tells me to stretch forth my hand.
Journal your prayer here:



Engage in the discussion: facebook.com/expoundabq Matthew 12:1-21 | Page 2
Questions? Email them to expound@calvaryabq.org

DETAILED NOTES

  1. Introduction
    1. Christ of the Andes
      1. Statue on the border of Argentina and Chile
      2. Symbol of peace and friendship
      3. The back of Christ faced Chile
      4. The face of Christ toward Argentina
      5. "The people of Argentina need more watching over than the Chileans!"—Chilean journalist
    2. Conflict over Jesus
      1. Emotion about Jesus
        1. Fear
        2. Opinion
        3. Anger
        4. Love
      2. People: He could be Messiah
      3. Religious leaders: became enemies
        1. Losing the spotlight
        2. People excited about Jesus
        3. Looking for reasons to accuse Him
        4. Keeping the Sabbath (שַׁבַּת־; shabbath)
  2. Jesus and His disciples pluck grain on the Sabbath
    1. What are the Pharisees doing there?
      1. Gleaning reserved for the poor
      2. Were they following Jesus around?
    2. Gleaning permitted by biblical Jewish Law
      1. Different from the oral Law
        1. Additional rules and traditions
        2. Not specified in Scripture
      2. See Deuteronomy 23:25
        1. God's laws keep the poor and underprivileged in mind
        2. Provide for their care
        3. Walk through a neighbor's field and glean
        4. Not permissible to thresh
          1. Use a sickle
          2. Harvest
          3. Could not store up; only take and eat
    3. Gleaning on the Sabbath a problem in the Mishnah
      1. Mishnah: 39 actions prohibited on the Sabbath
        1. The Bible: Don't do ordinary work on the Sabbath
        2. Religious leaders sought to tell people what that meant
      2. Disciples broke four laws of the Mishnah
        1. Reaping: plucking grain
        2. Threshing: rubbing it in their hands
        3. Winnowing: blowing away the chaff
        4. Preparing food
      3. Made the Sabbath (a day of rest) hard work to keep
    4. Jesus' response
      1. "Have you not read?"
        1. Attention-getting sarcasm
        2. Insult to scholars of the Law
        3. Nine gospel verses record this question
      2. Jesus refers to David's flight to Nob (see 1 Samuel 21)
        1. On the Sabbath, showbread baked and replaced
          1. Only priests ate the showbread
          2. Holy bread
          3. Ahimelech allowed David and his men to eat
        2. David was the rightful king
          1. Nationally rejected
          2. In exile
          3. Physically deprived as a result
        3. Jesus the rightful King
          1. Nationally rejected
          2. Physically deprived as a result
        4. Meeting a physical need more important than keeping a ritual
      3. Priest profane the Sabbath
        1. Law of Moses
          1. Sabbath observed
          2. No work, though the priests work
          3. Actions illegal for others
            1. Light fire
            2. Lift animals for sacrifice
            3. Work doubled on the Sabbath
        2. Pharisees knew the Bible
          1. Read it
          2. Misunderstood its meaning
          3. Take theology to the Bible: isogesis
          4. Find theology in the Bible: exegesis
        3. "I desire mercy and not sacrifice" (Hosea 6:6)
        4. Jesus' authority greater than authority of the Sabbath
          1. He is God
          2. He invented the Sabbath
          3. His application is the only right way to look at it
  3. Jesus heals a man with a withered hand
    1. The man with the withered hand
      1. Was the man planted there by the Pharisees?
        1. Jesus was always at the synagogue
        2. It seems they were testing Jesus
        3. Trying to trap Him
      2. Ξηρός; xéros - dry, withered, deprived of natural fluid
    2. To the Pharisees, healing was illegal on the Sabbath
      1. They had no power to heal
      2. According to the oral law, allowed to prevent death only
    3. Jesus' response
      1. Lift a sheep
        1. Bear a burden
        2. Pharisees considered it an act of mercy
        3. All life not the same
          1. People are more important than animals
          2. "A righteous man regards the life of his animal" (Proverbs 12:10)
          3. Humans are made in the image of God
          4. Humans are more valuable than animals
      2. "Stretch out your hand" (v. 13)
        1. Jesus asked him to do the impossible
        2. God's commandment is His enablement
  4. Importance of the Sabbath
    1. Mentioned 90 times in the Old Testament
    2. Mentioned 55 in the New Testament
    3. Stop, cease, desist, put an end to
    4. Originated at Creation: "And on the seventh day God ended His work which He had done, and He rested on the seventh day from all His work which He had done. Then God blessed the seventh day and sanctified it, because in it He rested from all His work which God had created and made" (Genesis 2:2-3)
    5. Reintroduced in the Law of Moses: manna collected on the sixth day for the seventh day (see Exodus 16:5)
    6. Ten Commandments (see Exodus 20:9-11)
    7. The day of rest became a burden by New Testament time
      1. Easier to work seven days than to keep the Sabbath
      2. "For they bind heavy burdens, hard to bear, and lay them on men's shoulders;" (Matthew 23:4)
      3. Sabbath day's journey: 3000 feet
        1. Extended their home by carrying previously prepared food
        2. Allowed a way out
        3. עירוב ‎; eruv; domicile exchange; allows them to go farther on the Sabbath
  5. Pharisees plot to kill Jesus
    1. Jesus' claims
      1. Messiah
      2. Greater than the temple
      3. Lord of the Sabbath
    2. Jesus withdrew from them
      1. Jesus has all power
      2. He never misuses His power
    3. According to Donald Grey Barnhouse, at this point the calendar for Israel stopped
      1. Until now:  "Do not go into the way of the Gentiles, and do not enter a city of the Samaritans. But go rather to the lost sheep of the house of Israel" (Matthew 10:5-6)
      2. God turns to the Gentiles
      3. "Blindness in part has happened to Israel until the fullness of the Gentiles has come in" (Romans 11:25)
      4. Gentiles are the wild olive branch grafted in to Israel (see Romans 11:17-19)
      5. Calendar will resume during the 70th week of Daniel
        1. See Daniel 9:24-26
        2. Fulfilled during the tribulation
          1. First three and a half years, relatively mild
          2. Second half, hell on earth
          3. 144,000 sealed representing the 12 tribes of Israel
      6. Always God's plan to reach the whole world
        1. "I have put My Spirit upon Him; He will bring forth justice to the Gentiles. He will not cry out, nor raise His voice, nor cause His voice to be heard in the street. A bruised reed He will not break, and smoking flax He will not quench; He will bring forth justice for truth. He will not fail nor be discouraged, till He has established justice in the earth; and the coastlands shall wait for His law."  (Isaiah 42:1-4)
          1. Won't quarrel or cry out
            1. Won't scream excitedly: Different from their expectation
            2. Expected Messiah to forcefully overturn the government
            3. Expected Him to impose His reign and force people to worship God
          2. Gentle Messiah
            1. Bruised reed
            2. Gentle with weak people
  6. Jesus healed the demon possessed, blind, and mute man
    1. It resulted in the intended effect:  Is this Messiah?
    2. Pharisees accused Jesus of casting demons out in Satan's power

Hebrew terms: שַׁבַּת־; shabbath - Sabbath   עירוב ‎; eruv - domicile exchange; allows them to go farther on the Sabbath
Figures referenced: David Grey Barnhouse
Cross references: Genesis 2:2-3; Exodus 16:5; Deuteronomy 23:25; 1 Samuel 21; Proverbs 12:10; Isaiah 42:1-4; Daniel 9:24-26; Hosea 6:6; Matthew 10:5-6; Matthew 23:4; Romans 11:17-19; Romans 11:25

Topic: Jesus and the Sabbath

Keywords: Sabbath, healing, Pharisees

 


 

SERIES: 40 Matthew - 2011
MESSAGE: Matthew 12:22-42
SPEAKER: Skip Heitzig
SCRIPTURE: Matthew 12:22-42
URL: http://SkipHeitzig.com/1012

MESSAGE SUMMARY
Though our current culture embraces a form of spirituality, the biblical view of God, Satan, and good versus evil has been dismissed by most. Ignorance and indifference cause them to relegate Satan to the stuff of fairy tales and myth. In this study from Matthew 12, Jesus demonstrates His authority over the devil and his minions--giving us a glimpse into the supernatural and a reminder that, "He who is in you is greater than he who is in the world" (1 John 4:4).

STUDY GUIDE
Matthew 12:22-50
For whoever does the will of My Father in heaven is My brother and sister and mother.

Matthew 12:50
PRAY: As I study Matthew 12:22-50, Father please teach me the importance of hearing, seeing, and doing Your Word and will.
Journal your prayer here:




PREVIEW: In Matthew 12:22-50, the Pharisees blaspheme the Holy Spirit and commit the unpardonable sin. By the examples of Jonah and the queen of the South, we’ll learn from their mistakes. We’ll also learn how to be Jesus’ brother, sister, and mother.

Matthew 12:22-50 Outline:
Pharisees Blaspheme the Holy Spirit - Read Matthew 12:22-30
Pharisees Commit the Unpardonable Sin - Read Matthew 12:31-37
Pharisees Demand a Sign - Read Matthew 12:38-45
Jesus and the True Brethren - Read Matthew 12:46-50


Pharisees Blaspheme the Holy Spirit – Read Matthew 12:22-30

Matthew 12:22–30 (NKJV)
22 Then one was brought to Him who was demon-possessed, blind and mute; and He healed him, so that the blind and mute man both spoke and saw.
23 And all the multitudes were amazed and said, “Could this be the Son of David?”
24 Now when the Pharisees heard it they said, “This fellow does not cast out demons except by Beelzebub, the ruler of the demons.”
25 But Jesus knew their thoughts, and said to them: “Every kingdom divided against itself is brought to desolation, and every city or house divided against itself will not stand.
26 If Satan casts out Satan, he is divided against himself. How then will his kingdom stand?
27 And if I cast out demons by Beelzebub, by whom do your sons cast them out? Therefore they shall be your judges.
28 But if I cast out demons by the Spirit of God, surely the kingdom of God has come upon you.
29 Or how can one enter a strong man’s house and plunder his goods, unless he first binds the strong man? And then he will plunder his house.
30 He who is not with Me is against Me, and he who does not gather with Me scatters abroad.



1. A demon-possessed man was brought before Jesus and He healed him. Besides being demon-possessed, what other physical conditions did this man suffer from (v. 22)?





2. What did the demon-possessed man do after Jesus healed him (v. 22)? What was the response of the multitudes to this healing (v. 23)?




3. PROPOUND: The title “Son of David” was a popular Jewish title for whom? (See Matthew 1:1; 9:27 and 21:9.)




4. What was the response of the Pharisees toward the healing of the demon-possessed man (v. 24)? (See also Matthew 9:34, Mark 3:22, and Luke 11:15.)





5. PRODUCE: One of Jesus’ divine powers is demonstrated in the first five words of verse 25. What power is that? (See also Psalm 139:2, Matthew 9:4, and Luke 6:8.) How should this affect your life? (See 2 Corinthians 10:5.)





6. PROPOUND: Read Jesus’ statements in Matthew 12:25-26. Why is spiritual unity in your home so important? (See also 2 Corinthians 6:14.)





7. Jesus states that the Pharisees’ accusation (v. 24) is illogical (vv. 25-26) and hypocritical (v. 27). He asks that if His casting out of demons is by the Spirit of God, then what should the Pharisees acknowledge?





8. PROCEED: In Matthew 12:30, Jesus states that whoever is not with Him is against Him, and whoever doesn’t gather with Him scatters. How can you tell whether or not you are with Him and are gathering? (See also Matthew 12:50.)





Pharisees Commit the Unpardonable Sin - Read Matthew 12:31-37

Matthew 12:31–37 (NKJV)
31 “Therefore I say to you, every sin and blasphemy will be forgiven men, but the blasphemy against the Spirit will not be forgiven men.
32 Anyone who speaks a word against the Son of Man, it will be forgiven him; but whoever speaks against the Holy Spirit, it will not be forgiven him, either in this age or in the age to come.
33 “Either make the tree good and its fruit good, or else make the tree bad and its fruit bad; for a tree is known by its fruit.
34 Brood of vipers! How can you, being evil, speak good things? For out of the abundance of the heart the mouth speaks.
35 A good man out of the good treasure of his heart brings forth good things, and an evil man out of the evil treasure brings forth evil things.
36 But I say to you that for every idle word men may speak, they will give account of it in the day of judgment.
37 For by your words you will be justified, and by your words you will be condemned.”


9. Which sins does Jesus say will be forgiven? Which sin will not be forgiven (v. 31)?




10. How does Jesus describe blaspheming against the Spirit (v. 32)?





11. Jesus refers to trees that bear either good or bad fruit (v. 33). What do the trees in the Bible often represent? (See Psalm 1:1-3; 92:12, Jeremiah 17:8, Matthew 3:10, and Jude 12.)





12. Jesus addressed the Pharisees harshly (v. 34). A “brood” is a family of offspring and a “viper” is a snake: a picture representing Satan (see Genesis 3:1). Jesus addressed the Pharisees very similarly in John 8:44. Who did He say they were in that passage? (See also Matthew 3:7; 23:33.)





13. PRACTICE: How did Jesus say a good man brings forth good things? Describe the process. (See Proverbs 4:23, Colossians 3:1-2, and 2 Corinthians 10:5) How are you putting this process into practice?





14. PROCLAIM: Read Matthew 12:36-37. Why should we be very careful with what we say? Share your thoughts with the group. (See also Ephesians 4:29, Proverbs 4:24, Proverbs 12:18, Proverbs 15:4, and Proverbs 16:23-24.)






15. PROPOUND: Jesus said, “For by your words you will be justified” (v. 37). What words do we need to say to be justified? (See Matthew 10:32, Romans 10:9-13, 1 Corinthians 12:3, and Philippians 2:11.)




Pharisees Demand a Sign - Read Matthew 12:38-45
Matthew 12:38–48 (NKJV)

38 Then some of the scribes and Pharisees answered, saying, “Teacher, we want to see a sign from You.”
39 But He answered and said to them, “An evil and adulterous generation seeks after a sign, and no sign will be given to it except the sign of the prophet Jonah.
40 For as Jonah was three days and three nights in the belly of the great fish, so will the Son of Man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth.
41 The men of Nineveh will rise up in the judgment with this generation and condemn it, because they repented at the preaching of Jonah; and indeed a greater than Jonah is here.
42 The queen of the South will rise up in the judgment with this generation and condemn it, for she came from the ends of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon; and indeed a greater than Solomon is here.
43 “When an unclean spirit goes out of a man, he goes through dry places, seeking rest, and finds none.
44 Then he says, ‘I will return to my house from which I came.’ And when he comes, he finds it empty, swept, and put in order.
45 Then he goes and takes with him seven other spirits more wicked than himself, and they enter and dwell there; and the last state of that man is worse than the first. So shall it also be with this wicked generation.”
46 While He was still talking to the multitudes, behold, His mother and brothers stood outside, seeking to speak with Him.
47 Then one said to Him, “Look, Your mother and Your brothers are standing outside, seeking to speak with You.”
48 But He answered and said to the one who told Him, “Who is My mother and who are My brothers?”


16. The scribes and Pharisees wanted to see a sign from Jesus (v. 38). How does Jesus describe the generation that seeks after a sign (v. 39)?






17. What sign did Jesus say would be given to that generation (v. 39)?






18. How did Jesus relate the sign of the prophet Jonah with the sign that He gave for the scribes and Pharisees (v. 40)?




19. PROPOUND: Jesus said “the men of Nineveh will rise up in judgment with this generation and condemn it” (v.41). Why will the generation that Jesus spoke to be condemned by the men of Nineveh?





20. PROTECT: Jesus uses the men of Nineveh and the queen of the South (Sheba – 1 Kings 10:1-13) as examples of people who heard, saw, and were changed. How should we also hear and change? (See Matthew 7:24-27, John 20:29, and Luke 11:28.)





21. Jesus gives some insight into the spiritual realm (vv. 43-35). Where does He say an unclean spirit goes when he goes out of a man (v. 43)? (See also Job 1:7 and 1 Peter 5:8.)





22. Where did the unclean spirit return to and with whom did he return (vv. 44-45)?





23. PROPOUND: Jesus used the illustration of the unclean spirit departing from and returning to a man to demonstrate how it would be for the generation that saw and heard His miracles without repenting. What would their final condition be due to their lack of repentance?




Jesus and the True Brethren - Read Matthew 12:46-50
Matthew 12:46–50 (NKJV)

46 While He was still talking to the multitudes, behold, His mother and brothers stood outside, seeking to speak with Him.
47 Then one said to Him, “Look, Your mother and Your brothers are standing outside, seeking to speak with You.”
48 But He answered and said to the one who told Him, “Who is My mother and who are My brothers?”
49 And He stretched out His hand toward His disciples and said, “Here are My mother and My brothers!
50 For whoever does the will of My Father in heaven is My brother and sister and mother.”





24. PROPOUND: Read Matthew 12:46-47. Where are Jesus’ mother and brothers in relation to where Jesus is? (See also John 7:5.) How is their physical location significant?




25. PROMOTE: Read Matthew 12:49-50. Who does Jesus say are His mother and brothers?





26. PROPOUND: Earlier in Matthew 12, Jesus said to a man, “Stretch out your hand.” He did this to demonstrate to the Pharisees that He is the Messiah. Now Jesus stretches out His hand. Toward whom does He stretch out His hand (v. 49)? Why is this significant?




27. How can you be certain that you are one of Jesus’ brothers, sisters, or mothers (v. 50)?





PROCESS: Review what you’ve learned in Matthew 12:22-50. Highlight what the Lord has shown you so you can share it with the group.

PRAY: Father, thank You for teaching me how to be Your brother, sister, and mother, by hearing and doing Your word!

Journal your prayer here:

DETAILED NOTES

  1. Introduction
    1. Prevalent philosophies
      1. Atheism, agnosticism, relativism
      2. Generic spirituality: open to all things spiritual
      3. USA Today poll of American teens: 95% believe in supernatural phenomenon , of those:
        1. 74% believe in angels
        2. 50% believe in ESP
        3. 29% believe in witchcraft
        4. 22% believe in ghosts
        5. 16% believe in the Loch Ness Monster
    2. Bible reveals a supernatural world
      1. God created the natural world
      2. Satan and evil exist
    3. Most polls show Americans deny the existence of a literal devil and hell
      1. Satan a figurative expression
      2. Describes the essence of evil in the world
      3. Songs
    4. Bible recognizes the reality of Satan
      1. Six times the Gospels record Jesus exorcizes demons from afflicted people
      2. Demon possession is real and powerful
        1. Chains could not restrain the demonized
        2. Accompanied by sickness
      3. The word demon used 63 times in the New Testament
        1. Δαιμόνιον; daimonion - a demon
        2. Also called "unclean spirit"
  2. Jesus casts demons from blind, mute man
    1. The people wondered
      1. Jesus' intended effect
      2. "Could this be the Son of David?"
    2. Demonic experiences
      1. Legitimate demon-possession
      2. Exorcism: with the authority of Jesus Christ the demons release their grip on a life
      3. Occult
      4. Spirit writing
    3. Shattered: Exposing Windows of Evil
    4. Why we may not see as much demon possession today
      1. Devil is a master deceiver: Deception can be more effective
      2. An exorcism may lead to faith
      3. "I, the devil, will always see to it that there are bad people. Your job, my dear Wormwood, is to provide me with the peoplewho do not care." —Screwtape, The Screwtape Letters, by C.S. Lewis
    5. No enemy more powerful than one who you don't think exists
    6. Jesus presumably casts the demon out and heals the man
  3. The Pharisees' Response
    1. Accuse Jesus of being in league with the devil; doing tricks to get a crowd
    2. Some accused Jesus of being a magician or sorcerer
      1. Lingering belief
      2. Recorded in Rabbinic literature after the New Testament
      3. Included in pagan writings
    3. Beelzebub
      1. First mentioned in 2 Kings 1
      2. Baal-Zebub
        1. Baal: Chaldean term for "lord"
        2. Followed by a domain
      3. Baal-Zebul: Master of the heavenly realms; Lord of Ekron
      4. Beelzebub
        1. Lord of the flies
        2. Lord of the dung
        3. A derogatory statement against a false god
        4. A term for Satan
  4. Jesus' Response
    1. Clear thinking and perfect logic
      1. If Satan casts out Satan, He works against himself
      2. Civil war weakens a nation
      3. A kingdom, city, house divided against itself will not stand
    2. By whom do your sons cast out?
      1. Sons i.e., their disciples, associates
      2. To seven sons of Sceva: "Jesus I know, and Paul I know; but who are you?" (Acts 19:15)
      3. Underestimated the power of Satan
      4. Underestimated the power of Jesus
      5. Origen recorded in the third century, some tried to use the name Jesus as an incantation
    3. Jesus claimed He received His power from God's Spirit
      1. A clear Messianic claim
      2. Isaiah foretold a Spirit filled Messiah (see Isaiah 11, 42, 61)
    4. Binding the strong man
      1. House: human body
      2. Strong man: Satan
      3. One who binds: Jesus
      4. The binding of Satan on a worldwide scale takes place in stages
        1. Began during Jesus' public ministry
        2. Death, burial, resurrection, ascension: guarantee the ultimate binding
        3. In reality: the millennial kingdom (Satan bound in Hades [see Revelation 20])
        4. Ultimately: Satan cast in the lake of fire (see Revelation 20)
      5. Satan has a degree of freedom today
        1. Talk to Jesus about Satan
        2. Don't talk to Satan about Jesus
        3. We don't bind Satan, Jesus does
      6. Lucifer became Satan when God cast him out of heaven
        1. "I will ascend above the heights of the clouds, I will be like the Most High." (Isaiah 14:14)
        2. Expelled from heaven, access to the God as a visitor
      7. Accuser
        1. "Now there was a day when the sons of God came to present themselves before the Lord, and Satan also came among them. And the Lord said to Satan, 'From where do you come?' So Satan answered the Lord and said, 'From going to and fro on the earth, and from walking back and forth on it.' Then the Lord said to Satan, 'Have you considered My servant Job, that there is none like him on the earth, a blameless and upright man, one who fears God and shuns evil?' So Satan answered the Lord and said, 'Does Job fear God for nothing?'" (Job 1:6-9)
        2. "For the accuser of our brethren, who accused them before our God day and night, has been cast down." (Revelation 12:10)
        3. "Satan was trained in the heaven of heavens"—Jonathan Edwards
    5. "He who is not with Me is against Me"
      1. Context
        1. Jesus speaks of the harvest
        2. The people like sheep without a shepherd
        3. Pray for workers to bring in the harvest
        4. The Scribes and Pharisees were making it difficult
      2. "Now John answered Him, saying, 'Teacher, we saw someone who does not follow us casting out demons in Your name, and we forbade him because he does not follow us.' But Jesus said, 'Do not forbid him, for no one who works a miracle in My name can soon afterward speak evil of Me. 'For he who is not against us is on our side.'" (Mark 9:38-40)
        1. Sounds like a contradiction
        2. In Matthew, it is a matter of salvation
          1. Jesus personally
          2. Scribes and Pharisees
        3. In Mark, it is a matter of service
          1. "Us" the group
          2. Disciples were more concerned about themselves than the service
          3. "Then Moses said to him, 'Are you zealous for my sake? Oh, that all the Lord's people were prophets and that the Lord would put His Spirit upon them!'" (Numbers 11:29)
          4. As long as Christians hold to the essentials of the faith, there should not be division
            1. Person, nature, and work of Jesus Christ
            2. Branch offices of the same business
    6. Blasphemy of the Holy Spirit: The Unpardonable Sin
      1. "Therefore" demands context
        1. Pharisees ascribed Jesus' power to Satan
        2. Their sin an attitude of the heart
      2. Role of the Holy Spirit: Lead us to Christ
        1. "And when He has come, He will convict the world of sin, and of righteousness, and of judgment:" (John 16:8)
        2. Makes a person recognize their need for Christ
        3. Reveals who Jesus is as sent from God
        4. To reject Jesus is to reject the testimony of the Holy Spirit
      3. The final rejection of Jesus
        1. To attribute what Jesus did to Satan
        2. "There is sin leading to death. I do not say that he should pray about that."(1 John 5:16)
        3. A reprobate mind
      4. Concern that you have committed blasphemy of the Holy Spirit is evidence that you have not
    7. "Make the tree good and its fruit good, or else make the tree bad and its fruit bad"       (v. 33)
      1. Exposes inconsistency
      2. Tells the Pharisees to make up their minds
      3. Fruit reflects the quality of the tree
      4. Jesus calls us to be fruit inspectors
        1. "Judge with righteous judgment." (John 7:24)
        2. Not a call to judge salvation
        3. Begin with your own tree
    8. Brood of Vipers
      1. Words of John the Baptist
      2. Sons of slimy snakes!
      3. Venomous words because of venomous thoughts
      4. The bucket of the mouth reveals the wellspring of the heart
    9. By your words you are justified or condemned
      1. Believers
        1. Penalty is paid
        2. Sin is atoned for
        3. Saved by grace through faith
        4. Bema Seat
          1. Obedience rewarded
          2. Loss of rewards by disobedience
      2. Our mouths get us into trouble
        1. Of seven things God hates, three are sins of the tongue (see Proverbs 6:16-19)
        2. "For we all stumble in many things. If anyone does not stumble in word, he is a perfect man, able also to bridle the whole body." (James 3:2)
    10. Pharisees ask for a sign
      1. Jesus has been giving signs; another sign will not convince them
      2. The sign of Jonah
        1. Jesus believed in a literal Jonah
        2. Ultimate sign: His death, burial, and resurrection
        3. Jonah was the sign to Nineveh
        4. Nineveh repented

Greek Terms:Δαιμόνιον; daimonion - a demon
Figures Referenced: Jonathan Edwards; Origin
Publications Referenced: USA Today, Shattered: Exposing Windows of Evil; The Screwtape Letters, by C.S. Lewis
Cross References: Numbers 11:29; 2 Kings 1; Job 1:6-9; Proverbs 6:16-19; Isaiah 11; Isaiah 14:14; Isaiah 42, Isaiah 61; Mark 9:38-40; John 7:24; John 16:8; Acts 19:15; James 3:2; 1 John 5:16; Revelation 12:10; Revelation 20

 


 

SERIES: 40 Matthew - 2011
MESSAGE: Matthew 12:43-13:17
SPEAKER: Skip Heitzig
SCRIPTURE: Matthew 12:43-13:17
URL: http://SkipHeitzig.com/1014

MESSAGE SUMMARY
Jesus consistently brought His message of hope to the common man: He spoke in parables to bring revelation to His followers and to conceal heavenly truth from the hard-hearted. In this message, we examine parables of our Master Teacher and Holy Judge, and discover that truth can be a blessing, but also a curse--we must be diligent to understand and apply God's Word to our lives.

STUDY GUIDE
Matthew 13
But he who received seed on the good ground is he who hears the word and understands it, who indeed bears fruit and produces: some a hundredfold, some sixty, some thirty.
Matthew 13:23
PRAYER: Father, please help me to understand the Word and mysteries of the kingdom of heaven as I study the parables in Matthew 13.
Journal your prayer here:




PREVIEW: From the parables Jesus taught in Matthew 13, we’ll discover how important it is to “understand” the Word of the kingdom, so that it may produce a crop in our life.
Matthew 13 Outline:
Parable of the Soils - Read Matthew 13:1-23
Parable of the Wheat and Tares – Read Matthew 13:24-30
Parable of the Mustard Seed – Read Matthew 13:31-32
Parable of the Leaven – Read Matthew 13:33-35
Parable of the Tares Explained – Read Matthew 13:36-43
Parable of the Hidden Treasure – Read Matthew 13:44
Parable of the Pearl of Great Price - Read Matthew 13:45-46
Parable of the Dragnet - Read Matthew 13:47-50
Parable of the Householder - Read Matthew 13:51-53
Rejection at Nazareth - Read Matthew 13:54-58
PREPARE: Get ready to learn about the mysteries of the kingdom of heaven as Jesus teaches in parables and provides us with the key to understanding them.
The word parable comes from parabole in Greek. The Greek word para means “alongside,” while ballo means “to cast, or to throw.” Thus, the word “parable” means “casting alongside.” Parabolic teaching places a story alongside a truth or a principle.
Parable of the Soils - Read Matthew 13:1-23
Matthew 13:1–23 (NKJV)
1 On the same day Jesus went out of the house and sat by the sea.
2 And great multitudes were gathered together to Him, so that He got into a boat and sat; and the whole multitude stood on the shore.
3 Then He spoke many things to them in parables, saying: “Behold, a sower went out to sow.
4 And as he sowed, some seed fell by the wayside; and the birds came and devoured them.
5 Some fell on stony places, where they did not have much earth; and they immediately sprang up because they had no depth of earth.
6 But when the sun was up they were scorched, and because they had no root they withered away.
7 And some fell among thorns, and the thorns sprang up and choked them.
8 But others fell on good ground and yielded a crop: some a hundredfold, some sixty, some thirty.
9 He who has ears to hear, let him hear!”
10 And the disciples came and said to Him, “Why do You speak to them in parables?”
11 He answered and said to them, “Because it has been given to you to know the mysteries of the kingdom of heaven, but to them it has not been given.
12 For whoever has, to him more will be given, and he will have abundance; but whoever does not have, even what he has will be taken away from him.
13 Therefore I speak to them in parables, because seeing they do not see, and hearing they do not hear, nor do they understand.
14 And in them the prophecy of Isaiah is fulfilled, which says: ‘Hearing you will hear and shall not understand, And seeing you will see and not perceive;
15 For the hearts of this people have grown dull. Their ears are hard of hearing, And their eyes they have closed, Lest they should see with their eyes and hear with their ears, Lest they should understand with their hearts and turn, So that I should heal them.’
16 But blessed are your eyes for they see, and your ears for they hear;
17 for assuredly, I say to you that many prophets and righteous men desired to see what you see, and did not see it, and to hear what you hear, and did not hear it.
18 “Therefore hear the parable of the sower:
19 When anyone hears the word of the kingdom, and does not understand it, then the wicked one comes and snatches away what was sown in his heart. This is he who received seed by the wayside.
20 But he who received the seed on stony places, this is he who hears the word and immediately receives it with joy;
21 yet he has no root in himself, but endures only for a while. For when tribulation or persecution arises because of the word, immediately he stumbles.
22 Now he who received seed among the thorns is he who hears the word, and the cares of this world and the deceitfulness of riches choke the word, and he becomes unfruitful.
23 But he who received seed on the good ground is he who hears the word and understands it, who indeed bears fruit and produces: some a hundredfold, some sixty, some thirty.”
1. In Jewish culture, preachers would stand; when teaching or explaining, they would sit. When Jesus got into the boat, He sat. Who was on the shore to hear what Jesus was going to teach (vv. 1-2)?




2. PROPOUND: The sower went out to sow seed. Carefully identify the four different places where Jesus said the sower’s seed could fall (vv. 4-8).






3. PROPOUND: Carefully identify what becomes of the seed in each of the four different places it could fall (vv. 4-8).






4. Only one place allowed the seed to grow and yield a crop. Where was that, and how did Jesus describe the amount of crop that yielded (v. 8)?






5. PRACTICE: In Matthew 13:9, Jesus said, "He who has ears to hear, let him hear!" What is meant by this statement? How can you be sure that you're "hearing"?






6. PROPOUND: Based on the description of the place that yielded a crop, what can you infer about the other three places?






7. Jesus’ disciples asked Him, “Why do you speak to them in parables?” (v. 10). Who did the “them” in their question refer to?








8. What answer does Jesus give His disciples? What has not been given to “them” (v. 11)?






9. PROMOTE: In Matthew 13:11, Jesus said that knowing the mysteries of the kingdom of heaven were given to His disciples. How can you know the mysteries of the kingdom of heaven? (See John 14:26; 16:13, 1 Corinthians 2:10-13, and 1 John 2:20.)






10. Describe in your own words the difference between he who has and he who does not have, as stated in Matthew 13:12.






11. PROPOUND: How can you ensure that you are one who has (vv. 9, 11)?








12. Jesus quotes Isaiah 6:9-10 as the reason why He speaks in parables to the multitudes (vv. 13-15). He immediately contrasts the multitudes with the disciples (vv. 16-17). How does Jesus describe the disciples’ eyes and ears, and why (vv. 16-17)?






13. Jesus said that many prophets and righteous men desired to see and hear what the disciples are seeing and hearing (v. 17). Who is Jesus referring to? (See John 8:56, Hebrews 11:13, and 1 Peter 1:10-11.)






14. Jesus begins to explain the Parable of the Soils (v. 18) by stating that a person must not only hear the word of the kingdom, but must also do something else. What else is required? Why is this so important?






15. Jesus explained what the pictures in the parable represent. It is critical to understand what each picture represents, as they will be keys to understanding the other parables (see Mark 4:13). What did Jesus say each of these pictures represent: sower, seed, soil, wayside, birds, stony places, sun, thorny ground, thorns, good soil, and fruit? (See also Mark 4:1–20 and Luke 8:4–15.)












16. PRODUCE: Carefully examine the Parable of the Soils and its use of the word understand. Why is it critical to understand the Word of the kingdom?




17. PROCEED: In the Parable of the Soils, where was the only place that the seed (the Word of the kingdom) produced a crop? (See Matthew 13:23.)


Parable of the Wheat and Tares – Read Matthew 13:24-30
Matthew 13:24–30 (NKJV)
24 Another parable He put forth to them, saying: “The kingdom of heaven is like a man who sowed good seed in his field;
25 but while men slept, his enemy came and sowed tares among the wheat and went his way.
26 But when the grain had sprouted and produced a crop, then the tares also appeared.
27 So the servants of the owner came and said to him, ‘Sir, did you not sow good seed in your field? How then does it have tares?’
28 He said to them, ‘An enemy has done this.’ The servants said to him, ‘Do you want us then to go and gather them up?’
29 But he said, ‘No, lest while you gather up the tares you also uproot the wheat with them.
30 Let both grow together until the harvest, and at the time of harvest I will say to the reapers, “First gather together the tares and bind them in bundles to burn them, but gather the wheat into my barn.” ’ ”
18. A tare is introduced in this parable. Tares have the same color, shape, and fragrance as wheat, but no heads of grain form. When did the tares get sown? Who sowed the tares? When and where did the tares appear? Who recognized the tares? What was done with the tares?



19. Why weren’t the tares removed from the field when they were recognized (v. 29)?






20. Once the tares are separated from the wheat, what becomes of them (v. 32)? (See also Matthew 3:12.)




Parable of the Mustard Seed – Read Matthew 13:31-32
Matthew 13:31–32 (NKJV)
31 Another parable He put forth to them, saying: “The kingdom of heaven is like a mustard seed, which a man took and sowed in his field,
32 which indeed is the least of all the seeds; but when it is grown it is greater than the herbs and becomes a tree, so that the birds of the air come and nest in its branches.”
21. Who sowed the mustard seed and where was it sown (v. 31)?


22. What became of the mustard seed (v. 32)?


23. What do the birds in the mustard tree represent?
Parable of the Leaven – Read Matthew 13:33-35
Matthew 13:33–35 (NKJV)
33 Another parable He spoke to them: “The kingdom of heaven is like leaven, which a woman took and hid in three measures of meal till it was all leavened.”
34 All these things Jesus spoke to the multitude in parables; and without a parable He did not speak to them,
35 that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the prophet, saying: “I will open My mouth in parables; I will utter things kept secret from the foundation of the world.”
24. In Hebrew life, leaven played an important part not only in breadmaking, but also in law, ritual, and religious teachings. What became of the three measures of meal that the woman took and hid leaven in (v. 33)?




25. PROPOUND: Leaven is often linked with evil in the Scriptures. Read 1 Corinthians 5:6 and Galatians 5:9. What does a little bit of leaven do?




26. Jesus speaking in parables was a fulfillment of prophesy. What did Matthew say is contained in the parables (v. 35)?



Parable of the Tares Explained – Read Matthew 13:36-43
Matthew 13:36–43 (NKJV)
36 Then Jesus sent the multitude away and went into the house. And His disciples came to Him, saying, “Explain to us the parable of the tares of the field.”
37 He answered and said to them: “He who sows the good seed is the Son of Man.
38 The field is the world, the good seeds are the sons of the kingdom, but the tares are the sons of the wicked one.
39 The enemy who sowed them is the devil, the harvest is the end of the age, and the reapers are the angels.
40 Therefore as the tares are gathered and burned in the fire, so it will be at the end of this age.
41 The Son of Man will send out His angels, and they will gather out of His kingdom all things that offend, and those who practice lawlessness,
42 and will cast them into the furnace of fire. There will be wailing and gnashing of teeth.
43 Then the righteous will shine forth as the sun in the kingdom of their Father. He who has ears to hear, let him hear!


27. The disciples asked Jesus to explain the Parable of the Tares to them (v. 36). Jesus explained what the pictures represent. What do these pictures represent in the Parable of the Wheat and Tares: the man sowing, the field, the good seeds, the tares, the enemy, the harvest, and the reapers (vv. 37-39)?




28. How did Jesus describe the tares that are sown in with the wheat (v. 41)?




Parable of the Hidden Treasure – Read Matthew 13:44
Matthew 13:44 (NKJV)
44 “Again, the kingdom of heaven is like treasure hidden in a field, which a man found and hid; and for joy over it he goes and sells all that he has and buys that field.
29. Where did the man find the treasure (v. 44)?


30. Why did the man buy the field (v. 44)? (See also 1 Corinthians 6:20 and Hebrews 12:2.)


31. PROPOUND: What do you think the treasure represents (See Galatians 3:13, 1 Corinthians 6:20, 1 Peter 1:18)?


Parable of the Pearl of Great Price – Read Matthew 13:45-46
Matthew 13:45–46 (NKJV)
45 “Again, the kingdom of heaven is like a merchant seeking beautiful pearls,
46 who, when he had found one pearl of great price, went and sold all that he had and bought it.
32. What did the merchant give for the pearl of great price (v. 46)?




33. PROPOUND: What do you think the pearl represents? (See also 2 Corinthians 5:21 and Ephesians 2:10.)




Parable of the Dragnet - Read Matthew 13:47-50
Matthew 13:47–50 (NKJV)
47 “Again, the kingdom of heaven is like a dragnet that was cast into the sea and gathered some of every kind,
48 which, when it was full, they drew to shore; and they sat down and gathered the good into vessels, but threw the bad away.
49 So it will be at the end of the age. The angels will come forth, separate the wicked from among the just,
50 and cast them into the furnace of fire. There will be wailing and gnashing of teeth.”
34. In this parable, what is caught in the dragnet (v. 47)?




35. What is done with what is caught in the dragnet (v.48)?




36. How does Jesus describe the place where the wicked will be cast (v. 50)?




Parable of the Householder - Read Matthew 13:51-53
Matthew 13:51–53 (NKJV)
51 Jesus said to them, “Have you understood all these things?” They said to Him, “Yes, Lord.”
52 Then He said to them, “Therefore every scribe instructed concerning the kingdom of heaven is like a householder who brings out of his treasure things new and old.”
53 Now it came to pass, when Jesus had finished these parables, that He departed from there.


37. PROPOUND: What do you think the treasure is that the householder brings out? (See Proverbs 15:6 and Matthew 12:35.)




Rejection at Nazareth - Read Matthew 13:54-58
Matthew 13:54–58 (NKJV)
54 When He had come to His own country, He taught them in their synagogue, so that they were astonished and said, “Where did this Man get this wisdom and these mighty works?
55 Is this not the carpenter’s son? Is not His mother called Mary? And His brothers James, Joses, Simon, and Judas?
56 And His sisters, are they not all with us? Where then did this Man get all these things?”
57 So they were offended at Him. But Jesus said to them, “A prophet is not without honor except in his own country and in his own house.”
58 Now He did not do many mighty works there because of their unbelief.
38. Jesus went to teach in His own country. Why were the people there so astonished at His teachings (vv. 55-56)?


39. PROCLAIM: The Catholic Church teaches the doctrine of the perpetual virginity of Mary. According to the doctrine, Mary was a virgin for her entire life, making Jesus her only biological son. How does Matthew 13:55-56 refute that teaching?


40. What was the response of the people in Jesus’ country to His teachings and mighty works (v. 57)?




41. What was the result of their response to Jesus (v. 58)?




42. PROTECT: Many of the parables Jesus gave in Matthew 13 illustrate a separation between two different groups of people. Identify them.




PROCESS: Review what you’ve learned in Matthew 13. Highlight what the Lord has shown you so you can share it with the group.

PRAY: Father, thank You for giving me an understanding of the mysteries of the word of the kingdom of heaven, and may it produce a crop in my life.

Journal your prayer here:







DETAILED NOTES

  1. Introduction
    1. Ultimately God will get the glory and the devil will pay; until then he has freedom
    2. According to a Gallup Poll, 70% of Americans believe in the devil
      1. Half say the devil is a literal being
      2. Half say the devil is figurative
    3. Jesus' view
      1. He spoke of the devil as real: "I saw Satan fall like lightning from heaven" (Luke 10:18)
      2. He spoke of the devil as personal: "And the Lord said, "Simon, Simon! Indeed, Satan has asked for you, that he may sift you as wheat" (Luke 22:31)
    4. "I believe Satan to exist for two reasons: first, the Bible says so; and second, I've done business with him."—D.L. Moody
    5. Mistakes concerning the devil
      1. Denial
        1. Forget the spiritual battle
        2. Satan would want you to forget
        3. "The devil is never too busy to rock the cradle of a sleeping saint."—Unknown
      2. Obsess
        1. Unhealthy preoccupation
        2. Superstitious
        3. Deliverance ministries
        4. Believers can be oppressed, not possessed
        5. According to the December 1999 Scotsmen, a French priest claimed that his speeding car was possessed; he was ticketed anyway
  2. Matthew 12:42-50
    1. Views of the unclean spirit who goes out and returns with friends
      1. Jesus speaking of actual demon possession
        1. Man's body was the demon's house
        2. Deliverance leads to immediate improvement
        3. Because God did not dwell within, more demons came
        4. Application:  Social reformation is not enough—spiritual reformation is needed
      2. Jesus speaking a parable against a wicked generation: the Jewish nation
        1. Γενεά; genea-generation or race
        2. Jesus came to the house of Israel; because they rejected Him future deception will come
        3. "He came to His own, and His own did not receive Him" (John 1:11)
        4. Seven spirits
          1. Seven is the number of completion
          2. Idolatry fully developed: abomination which causes desolation (see Daniel 11:31; Matthew 24:15)
            1. Antichrist will command worldwide worship of his image in Jerusalem and defile the temple
            2. "I have come in My Father's name, and you do not receive Me; if another comes in his own name, him you will receive" (John 5:43)
    2. Jesus' mother and brothers
      1. Thought Jesus was crazy
      2. Brothers didn't believe until after the resurrection
      3. Joseph was probably dead by this time
      4. Lessons
        1. No such thing as the perpetual virginity of Mary
        2. Emphasis on spiritual family over and above physical family
          1. Not denouncing physical family
          2. A spiritual bond is often deeper than filial bond
  3. Matthew 13: The Kingdom Parables
    1. The kingdom is one of Jesus favorite subjects
      1. "The kingdom of heaven is at hand" (Matthew 4:17)
      2. Sermon on the Mount
        1. Kingdom life
        2. ἦθος; ethos-ethics
      3. Future of the kingdom (see Matthew 24)
      4. After the resurrection: "He also presented Himself alive after His suffering by many infallible proofs, being seen by them during forty days and speaking of the things pertaining to the kingdom of God" (Acts 1:3)
      5. He is the King
      6. He sets up the kingdom
        1. In hearts and lives now
        2. Literal future kingdom
    2. Parables
      1. Terms parable or parables used 48 times in the New Testament
      2. παραβολὴν; parabolēn-parable; to place or cast alongside
        1. rabbis place something unknown alongside something known
        2. Something physical alongside something spiritual
        3. Earthly stories with heavenly meanings
      3. 1/3 of Jesus' teachings are in story form
      4. Rabbis used stories
        1. In the ancient world storytelling was prime method of teaching
        2. Use stories to paint pictures
        3. Powerful
        4. When David and Bathsheba sinned, Nathan used a parable to confront David (see 2 Samuel 12:1-12)
    3. Parable of the Soils
      1. Key to remaining kingdom parables
        1. "And He said to them, 'Do you not understand this parable? How then will you understand all the parables?'" (Mark 4:13)
          1. Cannot understand the rest without understanding this one
          2. If you understand this one, you will understand the rest
      2. Key elements
        1. Seed: Word of God
          1. Both have life within
          2. Both are small but powerful
        2. Sower: one who throws the seed
          1. Tells the Word of God
          2. Someone sowed in your life, we must sow in others
          3. "The former account I made, O Theophilus, of all that Jesus began both to do and teach" (Acts 1:1)
            1. Jesus began
            2. We must continue
        3. Soil: heart that receives truth
          1. Has potential
          2. Must be tended
          3. Four kinds of hearts
      3. "And as he sowed, some seed fell by the wayside; and the birds came and devoured them" (v. 4)
        1. The wayside
          1. Path between the rows of crops, where the sower walks
          2. Packed down and hardened
          3. Left as it is, the ground cannot be penetrated
          4. Birds pick up the exposed seed
        2. Calloused heart
          1. Person won't allow the truth to penetrate their heart
          2. Stiff necked, like the children of Israel
          3. Hearts can be softened
            1. "'Is not My word like a fire?' says the Lord, 'And like a hammer that breaks the rock in pieces?'" (Jeremiah 23:29)
            2. Nebuchadnezzar
            3. Saul of Tarsus
      4. "Some fell on stony places, where they did not have much earth; and they immediately sprang up because they had no depth of earth. But when the sun was up they were scorched, and because they had no root they withered away" (vv. 5-6)
        1. The stony places
          1. Rocks everywhere in Israel
          2. Farmers must remove and terrace rocks
          3. Some soil looks soft on top, but rock underneath
            1. Quick germination
            2. Roots cannot penetrate
        2. Shallow Heart
          1. Hears and responds immediately and emotionally
          2. Responds to anything
          3. No true change of heart; no repentance
          4. No lasting growth
      5. "And some fell among thorns, and the thorns sprang up and choked them" (v. 7)
        1. Weeds grow naturally
        2. Crowded heart: torn between two kingdoms
          1. Too much Jesus to be satisfied in the world
          2. Too much of the world to be satisfied in Jesus
      6. "But others fell on good ground and yielded a crop: some a hundredfold, some sixty, some thirty"
        1. The seed takes root
        2. The fruitful heart
          1. Receptive
          2. "But his delight is in the law of the Lord, and in His law he meditates day and night" (Psalm 1:2)
        3. Return on investment
          1. 10,000% (hundredfold)
          2. 6,000% (sixtyfold)
          3. 3,000% (thirtyfold)
          4. Typical return was 8:1
      7. Fruitfulness of the soils
        1. Only 25% is fruitful
        2. 25% is calloused
        3. 50% is carnal growth
      8. Picture of how truth works
        1. Some won't hear
        2. Some emotional; won't grow
        3. Some too busy
        4. Some lives are changed and bless others
        5. "Take heed how you hear" (Luke 8:18)
          1. Hearing truth can be dangerous
            1. Hear truth but fail to respond
            2. Further callous the heart
          2. Listen and apply
  4. Reasons Jesus spoke in parables
    1. Parables reveal truth
      1. To disciples (μαθητὴς; mathētēs)
      2. Pique curiosity
      3. Uses the visible world to help them understand the invisible world
        1. God designed the physical world so we understand the invisible world
        2. "For since the creation of the world His invisible attributes are clearly seen, being understood by the things that are made" (Romans 1:20)
      4. Mirrors and windows
        1. Show us ourselves
        2. Show us the heart of God
      5. Mysteries of the kingdom
        1. Μυστήρια; mystēria
        2. Once concealed, now revealed
    2. Parables conceal truth
      1. Jesus quotes Isaiah 6: an indictment of Israel as spiritually dull and hard of hearing
      2. The same truth that makes a seeking heart understand makes a hardened heart confused
      3. The same sun melts ice and hardens clay
      4. Parables are both words of the Master Teacher and sentence of the Holy Judge

Greek terms: Γενεά; genea-generation or race; ἦθος; ethos-ethics; παραβολὴν; parabolēn-parable; to place or cast alongside; μαθητὴς; mathētēs-disciple; Μυστήρια; mystēria-mystery
Publications referenced: Scotsmen, December 1999
Figures referenced: D.L. Moody
Cross references:  2 Samuel 12:1-12; Psalm 1:2; Daniel 11:31; Jeremiah 23:29; Matthew 4:17; Matthew 24; Matthew 24:15; Mark 4:13; Luke 8:18; Luke 10:18; Luke 22:31; John 1:11; John 5:43; Acts 1:1; Acts 1:3; Romans 1:20

Topic: Parables

Keywords: devil, parables, soils, seed, sower, truth

 


 

SERIES: 40 Matthew - 2011
MESSAGE: Matthew 13:18-52
SPEAKER: Skip Heitzig
SCRIPTURE: Matthew 13:18-52
URL: http://SkipHeitzig.com/1016

MESSAGE SUMMARY
Jesus often used parables to explain spiritual truth to His followers. In Matthew 13, His seven kingdom parables are recorded--word pictures which explain the beginning, opposition, expansion, and culmination of His kingdom. Let's consider His teachings and apply these lessons, so that we may be fellow workers with Him in spreading the good news.

DETAILED NOTES

  1. Introduction
    1. Pictures
      1. Worth 1000 words
      2. Cameras capture the moment
    2. Parables
      1. Jesus' time: no cameras
      2. Word pictures; storytelling
      3. Rabbis used analogies and parables to teach spiritual truth
      4. Matthew 13 records seven parables about
        1. Beginning of kingdom
        2. Expansion of the kingdom
        3. Opposition to the kingdom
        4. Subjects of the kingdom
        5. Culmination of the kingdom
      5. Estimate: 1/3 of Jesus' teachings are parables
      6. παραβολὴν; parabolēn-parable; to place or cast alongside
      7. Spiritual, abstract truth alongside the natural, commonly understood
  2. Explanation of the parable of the sower
    1. Wayside
      1. Where the sower walks, hardened
      2. Seed cannot penetrate
      3. Indifferent: refuse to consider, ponder, understand
    2. Stony places
      1. Shallow-hearted person
        1. Receives the Word
        2. No root system
        3. Sunshine good for plants, but heat could kill it
        4. Emotional, can't stand the heat
          1. Ridicule
          2. Persecution
          3. Tribulation
      2. Truths about Christian living
        1. Awesome experience
          1. Peace of mind and heart
          2. Hope of heaven
        2. Not easy
          1. Difficulties in lives of believers
          2. Need a root system
      3. Popular book: Your Best Life Now, by Joel Osteen
        1. Unbelievers
          1. Best life now
          2. Eternal torment is coming
        2. Believers
          1. Not even close
          2. "Eye has not seen, nor ear heard, nor have entered into the heart of man the things which God has prepared for those who love Him"           (1 Corinthians 2:9)
          3. "For I consider that the sufferings of this present time are not worthy to be compared with the glory which shall be revealed in us"           (Romans 8:18)
      4. Fall away during tribulation
    3. Among the thorns
      1. Once fruitful, but got busy
      2. Too busy for God is too busy
      3. Cares of this world
        1. Worries particular to our own lives
        2. A day of worry is more exhausting than a week of work
        3. Live simply, keep priorities, stay on target
      4. Deceitfulness of riches
        1. Make promises they cannot keep
        2. Complicate things
        3. Crowd the altar of one's life
    4. Good ground
    5. Expansion of the kingdom
      1. Comes by people sharing truth
      2. Not all receive it
        1. Reject truth
        2. Emotional, shallow response
        3. Some bear fruit
    6. Insight: what it is like to invest spiritually in another
      1. Sow truth into the hearts of others
      2. You never know when or how the seed germinates
  3. Parable of the tares
    1. Change in focus
      1. Opposition to the kingdom
      2. From seed to what it produces
        1. Wheat: genuine believer
        2. Tares: false believers
    2. Tares and wheat
      1. Ζιζάνια; zizania - weeds
        1. Bearded darnel
        2. Looks identical to wheat
        3. Ancient times crops sabotaged by sowing in fields to crowd out wheat
        4. Once head forms, the difference is unmistakable
      2. Cannot tell them apart until mature
    3. Christian movements: forcibly evict tares from wheat; forcibly convert to faith
      1. Constantine
        1. Called first Christian emperor
        2. Punished and killed those who disagreed
      2. Crusaders
        1. Expunged the Holy Land of "infidels": Muslims and Jews
        2. In the name of Christ
      3. Spanish Inquisition
  4. Parable of the mustard seed
    1. Smallest seed
      1. Jesus not comparing to all other seeds
      2. Small seed of the herb garden
    2. Khardal mustard
      1. Mustard seed typically grows into bush
      2. This variety grows 12-15 feet high
    3. Popular, typical interpretation
      1. Gospel started small and grew
        1. Jesus
        2. The twelve
        3. 120 in the upper room
        4. Sown on Pentecost
        5. Permeated the Roman Empire
        6. Spread around the world
      2. Humanity able to lodge in its branches
    4. Problem: Jesus doesn't offer explanation
      1. Find what Jesus already explained
      2. Make an accurate interpretation
    5. Birds: wicked
      1. Parable of the sower: represent Satan
      2. "Babylon the great is fallen, is fallen, and has become a dwelling place of demons, a prison for every foul spirit, and a cage for every unclean and hated bird!" (Revelation 18:2)
    6. Tree: world power (see Daniel 4; Ezekiel 17)
    7. Church becomes a worldwide power
      1. Wonderful things happen
      2. Large enough to possess lots of belief systems and false leaders
    8. Outward growth
  5. Parable of leaven
    1. Inward growth
    2. Leaven
      1. In Jewish homes, piece of fermented dough reserved
      2. Hidden in new dough to permeate
    3. Popular, typical interpretation
      1. Growth of the gospel
      2. Slowly permeates society
      3. Dominion theology
      4. True: Church started slowly and will one day culminate in a millennial reign
    4. Leaven a symbol of evil
      1. Purged from Jewish homes at Passover
      2. Sacrifices offered without leaven
      3. Putrifying
      4. "Beware of the leaven of the Pharisees and the Sadducees" (Matthew 16:6; Matthew 16:11)
      5. "Then they understood that He did not tell them to beware of the leaven of bread, but of the doctrine of the Pharisees and Sadducees" (Matthew 16:12)
      6. "Beware of the leaven of the Pharisees and the leaven of Herod" (Mark 8:15)
      7. "Do you not know that a little leaven leavens the whole lump?" (1 Corinthians 5:6): immorality
      8. "A little leaven leavens the whole lump" (Galatians 5:9): legalism
    5. Not all growth is good growth
    6. Difference between genuine Christianity and Christendom: world doesn't know the difference
  6. Explanation of the parable of the wheat and tares
    1. Initial sower of truth: Jesus Christ
    2. Field is the world
    3. Satan opposes the work of Christ: sows counterfeit seed
      1. False growth
      2. False doctrine
    4. In the end it will all be sorted out
      1. Now not the day of judgment
      2. Day of Evangelism
        1. We need to sow the seed
        2. "If God would have painted a yellow stripe on the backs of the elect I would go around lifting shirts. But since He didn’t I must preach 'whosoever will' and when ‘whosoever’ believes I know he is one of the elect." – Charles Spurgeon
  7. Parables of treasure and pearl
    1. Two parables teach the same truths
      1. Value
      2. Delight of the purchaser
    2. Typical, popular interpretation
      1. Jesus is the treasure and pearl
      2. Sinner is the one who seeks
      3. Worth giving up everything to acquire salvation
    3. Problems
      1. Field is the world; we cannot buy that
      2. In previous parable, Jesus is the Man
    4. Interpretation: what we know
      1. Jesus is not hidden: best known figure in history
      2. Sinners don't seek God
        1. "There is none who seeks after God" (Romans 3:11)
        2. "All we like sheep have gone astray" (Isaiah 53:6)
      3. Salvation can't be purchased
        1. Free gift
        2. Not earned
      4. If you could purchase salvation, what would you sell? "All our righteousnesses are like filthy rags" (Isaiah 64:6)
    5. Picture of Jesus seeking men and redeeming the world
      1. Parable of the lost sheep (See Matthew 18:12-14)
      2. "For the Son of Man has come to seek and to save that which was lost" (Luke 19:10)
    6. Pearls
      1. Not valuable to Jews at the time
        1. No mention in the Old Testament
        2. Same class as coral
      2. Formation
        1. Product of an organism formed by irritant
        2. Dirt irritates the oyster
        3. Nacre covers the sand, layer by layer
      3. Represent Gentiles: dirt covered in righteousness of Christ
  8.  Parable of the dragnet
    1. Fishing: familiar imagery for disciples
    2. Types of fishing
      1. Line and hook: one fish at a time
      2. Personal net
      3. Dragnet
        1. Team of two boats
        2. Flats at the top and gets every fish
        3. Fish are later sorted
    3. Parable of coming judgment
      1. Jesus speaks more than any other figure of judgment and hell
      2. 147,000 people die daily and face God
  9. Understanding the kingdom parables
    1. Head of household is responsible for the family
    2. When we understand, we are responsible

Greek terms: παραβολὴν; parabolēn-parable; to place or cast alongside
Publications referenced: Your Best Life Now, by Joel Osteen
Figures referenced: Charles Spurgeon
Cross references: Isaiah 53:6; Isaiah 64:6; Ezekiel 17; Daniel 4; Matthew 16:6; Matthew 16:11; Matthew 16:12; Matthew 18:12-14; Mark 8:15; Luke 19:10; Romans 3:11; Romans 8:18; 1 Corinthians 2:9; 1 Corinthians 5:6; Galatians 5:9; Revelation 18:2

Topic: Parables

Keywords: parable, parables, kingdom living, sower

 


 

SERIES: 40 Matthew - 2011
MESSAGE: Matthew 13:53-14:36
SPEAKER: Skip Heitzig
SCRIPTURE: Matthew 13:53-14:36
URL: http://SkipHeitzig.com/1018

MESSAGE SUMMARY
In this passage from the gospel of Matthew, we see powerful examples of the results of both faith and the lack of it. Those who might have known Jesus best failed to trust in Him and missed out on His work in their lives, while others were carried through the storm in His care. As we consider our own trials, we should rest in His hands, knowing He has power to change us and use our lives for His glory.

STUDY GUIDE
Matthew 14
But Jesus said to them, “They do not need to go away. You give them something to eat.” Matthew 14:16
PRAYER: Father, as I study Matthew 14, please teach me to “give them something to eat.” Teach me to be like Peter and cry out, call out, and come out of my boat in the midst of my dark night.
Journal your prayer here:




PREVIEW: In Matthew 14, we’ll learn from Jesus’ response to the murder of John the Baptist, and how we can also “give them something to eat.” We’ll learn from Peter as he cried out, called out, and came out in the midst of the dark night.
Matthew 14 Outline:
Present Response to Jesus - Read Matthew 14:1-2
Account of the Murder of John the Baptist - Read Matthew 14:3-12
Jesus Feeds 5,000 - Read Matthew 14:13-21
Jesus Walks on Water - Read Matthew 14:22-33
Jesus Heals Many - Read Matthew 14:34-36


PREPARE: Get ready to learn about Jesus’ compassion and His desire to spend time alone with the Father. Learn how we too ought to “give them something to eat” and be like Peter and cry out, call out, and come out. Learn to be like the men of Gennesaret and bring others to Jesus.
Present Response to Jesus - Read Matthew 14:1-2
Matthew 14:1–2 (NKJV)
1 At that time Herod the tetrarch heard the report about Jesus
2 and said to his servants, “This is John the Baptist; he is risen from the dead, and therefore these powers are at work in him.”
1. A tetrarch is a ruler of a fourth part of a region. Herod Antipas was one of several sons of Herod the Great. When Herod the Great died, his kingdom was divided among his four sons. Herod Antipas ruled over Galilee and Perea. What did Herod hear and what was his response to what he heard (vv. 1-2)? (See also Mark 6:14-16 and Luke 9:7-9.)






Account of the Murder of John the Baptist – Read Matthew 14:3-12
Matthew 14:3–12 (NKJV)
3 For Herod had laid hold of John and bound him, and put him in prison for the sake of Herodias, his brother Philip’s wife.
4 Because John had said to him, “It is not lawful for you to have her.”
5 And although he wanted to put him to death, he feared the multitude, because they counted him as a prophet.
6 But when Herod’s birthday was celebrated, the daughter of Herodias danced before them and pleased Herod.
7 Therefore he promised with an oath to give her whatever she might ask.
8 So she, having been prompted by her mother, said, “Give me John the Baptist’s head here on a platter.”
9 And the king was sorry; nevertheless, because of the oaths and because of those who sat with him, he commanded it to be given to her.
10 So he sent and had John beheaded in prison.
11 And his head was brought on a platter and given to the girl, and she brought it to her mother.
12 Then his disciples came and took away the body and buried it, and went and told Jesus.
2. What did Herod do to John (v.3)?






3. Why did Herod do this to John (v. 4)?




4. PROPOUND: What did Herod know about John? (See Mark 6:20.)






5. During Herod’s birthday party, Herodias’ daughter danced, most likely in a very lascivious manner. What was Herod’s response to her dance (vv. 6-7)? (See also Mark 6:23.) Who else watched this dance and heard Herod’s response? (See Mark 6:21.)




6. What did Herodias’ daughter ask for and why (v.8)? (See also Mark 6:24.)




7. What was Herod’s response to Herodias’s daughter’s request (v. 9)? (See also Mark 6:26.)




8. PROPOUND: Read 2 Corinthians 7:10. What does the sorrow of the world produce?




9. PRODUCE: Herodias coached her daughter to do what was evil. What should godly parents coach their children to do? (See Ephesians 6:4.)






10. PROCEED: When John’s disciples found out he had been murdered by Herod, what did they do? How should we do likewise when we experience extremely difficult situations (Matthew 14:12)?




Jesus Feeds 5,000 - Read Matthew 14:13-21
Matthew 14:13–21 (NKJV)
13 When Jesus heard it, He departed from there by boat to a deserted place by Himself. But when the multitudes heard it, they followed Him on foot from the cities.
14 And when Jesus went out He saw a great multitude; and He was moved with compassion for them, and healed their sick.
15 When it was evening, His disciples came to Him, saying, “This is a deserted place, and the hour is already late. Send the multitudes away, that they may go into the villages and buy themselves food.”
16 But Jesus said to them, “They do not need to go away. You give them something to eat.”
17 And they said to Him, “We have here only five loaves and two fish.”
18 He said, “Bring them here to Me.”
19 Then He commanded the multitudes to sit down on the grass. And He took the five loaves and the two fish, and looking up to heaven, He blessed and broke and gave the loaves to the disciples; and the disciples gave to the multitudes.
20 So they all ate and were filled, and they took up twelve baskets full of the fragments that remained.
21 Now those who had eaten were about five thousand men, besides women and children.
11. PRACTICE: When Jesus heard the news of John’s beheading, what was His response (Matthew 14:13; 23)? How should we do the same when we experience difficult circumstances in our lives?






12. Jesus intended to be alone (v. 13) and pray (v.23). However, the multitudes heard about it and followed Him on foot. Despite His intention to be alone, what was Jesus’s response to seeing the multitudes (v. 14)?






13. PROPOUND: Read Mark’s account of this incident in Mark 6:32-34. How did Mark describe the multitude and what did Jesus do for them?






14. Jesus spent the day teaching, preaching, and healing the multitudes. (v. 15). In the evening, the disciples told Him to send the multitudes away so they could eat. What was Jesus’ response to them (v. 16)?




15. PROCLAIM: Jesus told His disciples, “You give them something to eat” (Matthew 14:16). Share with the group how this is something we ought to be doing in our lives as one of Jesus’ disciples.




16. What was the disciples’ response to Jesus’ response (v. 17)? (See also Mark 6:37.)






17. PROPOUND: Do you think the disciples could have obeyed Jesus’ command and given the multitudes something to eat?




18. What did Jesus do with the five loaves and two fish (v. 19)?




19. What was the result of what Jesus did with the five loaves and two fish (v. 20)?




20. Approximately how many were in the multitude (v. 21)?


21. PROPOUND: How many baskets full of fragments were left over (v. 20)? How many disciples were there? Is there any significance to this? (See Matthew 16:9.)




22. PROTECT: Imagine the 12 disciples each holding a basketful of leftover bread and thousands of stuffed people sitting on the grass. Think about what lesson(s) they should have learned from this miracle. (See also Matthew 16:9 and 14:33.)




Jesus Walks on Water - Read Matthew 14:22-33
Matthew 14:22–33 (NKJV)
22 Immediately Jesus made His disciples get into the boat and go before Him to the other side, while He sent the multitudes away.
23 And when He had sent the multitudes away, He went up on the mountain by Himself to pray. Now when evening came, He was alone there.
24 But the boat was now in the middle of the sea, tossed by the waves, for the wind was contrary.
25 Now in the fourth watch of the night Jesus went to them, walking on the sea.
26 And when the disciples saw Him walking on the sea, they were troubled, saying, “It is a ghost!” And they cried out for fear.
27 But immediately Jesus spoke to them, saying, “Be of good cheer! It is I; do not be afraid.”
28 And Peter answered Him and said, “Lord, if it is You, command me to come to You on the water.”
29 So He said, “Come.” And when Peter had come down out of the boat, he walked on the water to go to Jesus.
30 But when he saw that the wind was boisterous, he was afraid; and beginning to sink he cried out, saying, “Lord, save me!”
31 And immediately Jesus stretched out His hand and caught him, and said to him, “O you of little faith, why did you doubt?”
32 And when they got into the boat, the wind ceased.
33 Then those who were in the boat came and worshiped Him, saying, “Truly You are the Son of God.”
23. Once the feeding of the multitudes was complete, what did Jesus tell His disciples to do (v. 22)?






24. Jesus sent His disciples off in the boat and the multitudes back to their homes. Why (v. 23)? (See also Matthew 14:13.)








25. PROMOTE: Jesus intended to go be alone (v. 13), but the multitudes intercepted Him. After a day of teaching and healing the multitudes, He now made the disciples get into a boat and He made the multitudes go to their homes, so He could be alone and pray (v. 23). How is making time to spend with the Father a discipline we ought to make happen in our lives?




26. According to Roman reckoning, the night was divided into four watches: (1) 6-9 pm, (2) 9 pm-12 am, (3) 12 am-3 am, (4) 3 am-6 am. What time was it (v.25) and where were the disciples (v. 24)?




27. What did the disciples think they saw during the fourth watch of the night while battling the contrary winds and waves (v. 26)? What was their response to what they thought they saw?




28. Jesus came to the disciples in the midst of their dark night. What was His response to the fearful disciples (v. 27)? How has Jesus come to you during a stormy time?




29. What was Peter’s answer and the action that he took to go to Jesus (vv. 28-29)?
30. PROPOUND: In the midst of the dark night, with contrary winds and waves tossing him about, Peter stepped out of the boat to go to Jesus. How is this action something we also need to do when we’re in a difficult and dark situation in life?




31. What did Peter see after he stepped out of the boat? What was his response to what he saw? What did he do about what he saw (v. 30)?




32. What did Jesus do for Peter? What did Jesus say to Peter (v. 31)? How will the Lord do this for us when we step out in faith? (See Psalm 37:23-24; 145:14.)


33. Where was the boat located when Peter and Jesus got back into the boat (v. 24)? What happened when Jesus got into the boat (v. 32)? (See also John 6:21.)




34. What did the disciples do after their experience in the midst of the dark night (v. 33)?


35. What did the disciples proclaim after their experience in the midst of the dark night (v. 33)?




36. PROPOUND: How should we follow the example of what the disciples did once Jesus got into their boat?


Jesus Heals Many - Read Matthew 14:34-36
Matthew 14:34–36 (NKJV)
34 When they had crossed over, they came to the land of Gennesaret.
35 And when the men of that place recognized Him, they sent out into all that surrounding region, brought to Him all who were sick,
36 and begged Him that they might only touch the hem of His garment. And as many as touched it were made perfectly well.
37. Gennesaret is across the Sea of Galilee from the Decapolis. In Mark 5:20-21, “Jesus had crossed over again by boat to the other side.” It is possible that He was in Gennesaret when the woman with the flow of blood for 12 years (Mark 5:25) was healed. How was she healed? (See Matthew 9:20.)




38. When Jesus crossed over the sea, He and His disciples came to the land of Gennesaret (v. 34), and the men of that place recognized Him (v. 35). Why might they have recognized Him?






39. What did the men of that place go and do (v. 35)?




40. What did the men of that place beg Jesus to allow (v. 36)? Why did they beg for that specific thing?




41. What became of those who touched the hem of Jesus’ garment (v. 36)?




42. How should we do the same for those we know who are spiritually sick?




PROCESS: Review what you’ve learned in Matthew 14. Highlight what the Lord has shown you and share it with the group.
PRAY: Father, thank You for the wonderful life lessons I’ve learned from studying Matthew 14. Please remind me of them when I need to put them into practice.


Journal your prayer here:



DETAILED NOTES

  1. Introduction
    1. Jesus' hometown: Nazareth
      1. Grew up there
      2. Southern Galilee region
      3. Look south to the Valley of Armageddon
      4. Born in Bethlehem of Judea
      5. At threat of Herod the Great, family moved to Egypt
        1. Huge group of Jews there
        2. Probably Alexandria
      6. After Herod died, moved to Nazareth
    2. Hard to go home after a life change
      1. Difficult with friend show don't agree or understand
      2. Marginalize experience
      3. Categorize you
      4. Jesus own family and neighbors didn't know how to handle Him
      5. Jesus did not spend a lot of time there after He was baptized and began His ministry
  2. Jesus in the synagogue
    1. Possibly a corollary passage to Luke 4:16-21: "So He came to Nazareth, where He had been brought up. And as His custom was, He went into the synagogue on the Sabbath day, and stood up to read. And He was handed the book of the prophet Isaiah. And when He had opened the book, He found the place where it was written: 'The Spirit of the Lord is upon Me, Because He has anointed Me To preach the gospel to the poor; He has sent Me to heal the brokenhearted, To proclaim liberty to the captives And recovery of sight to the blind, To set at liberty those who are oppressed; To proclaim the acceptable year of the Lord.' Then He closed the book, and gave it back to the attendant and sat down. And the eyes of all who were in the synagogue were fixed on Him. And He began to say to them, 'Today this Scripture is fulfilled in your hearing.'"
      1. Rabbis' response
        1.  Knew this was a Messianic text
        2. Recognized He was claiming to be Messiah
        3. Believed He blasphemed
        4. Tried to throw Him over a cliff
      2. Jesus concise handling of the Scripture
        1. Purposefully didn't finish the passage
        2. "The Spirit of the Lord God is upon Me, Because the Lord has anointed Me To preach good tidings to the poor; He has sent Me to heal the brokenhearted, To proclaim liberty to the captives, And the opening of the prison to those who are bound; To proclaim the acceptable year of the Lord, " (Isaiah 61:1-2)
          1. Closed the book
          2. Passage refers to His first coming
        3. "And the day of vengeance of our God;" (Isaiah 61:2)
          1. Second coming of Christ
          2. Tribulation
          3. Yet future
        4. He closed the book at the comma: the commas has lasted 2000 years
    2. The carpenter's son
      1. Definite article: perhaps the one notable carpenter in Nazareth: Joseph
      2. Τέκτων; tektón- stone and wood builder; a craftsman
    3. Mother, brothers, sisters
      1. Evidence against the Roman Catholic doctrine of perpetual virginity of Mary
      2. Idea that Mary was a virgin her whole life: untrue
      3. Joseph and Mary didn't have sexual relations until Jesus' birth
      4. Afterward, normal filial, marital relationship
    4. "A prophet is not without honor except in his own country and in his own house" v. 57
      1. Familiarity breeds contempt
      2. Offended
        1. His unimpressive background: carpenter's son
        2. His unimpressive education: no formal rabbinical training
        3. His claims
          1. He was Messiah
          2. He was God
        4. Several times, they took up stones to kill Him
  3. Unbelief: "He did not do many mighty works there because of their unbelief" (v.58)
    1. "Now He could do no mighty work there, except that He laid His hands on a few sick people and healed them" (Mark 6:5)
      1. Jesus lacked no power
      2. He responds to faith
      3. God is omnipotent: all powerful
    2. We, by unbelief, can limit the experience of God's power in our lives
      1. God is all loving: we don't always experience His love
        1. "Keep yourselves in the love of God" (Jude 1:21)
        2. He doesn't cease to love us
        3. Loves intensely all the time
        4. We don't always experience His love
        5. Like sunshine blocked by an umbrella
        6. Like rain blocked by a covering
      2. God cooperates with faith in exercising His power
        1. "Abraham believed God, and it was accounted to him for righteousness" (Romans 4:3)
        2. Joshua and Israel at the Jordan river: the priests had to get their feet wet before it opened before them (see Joshua 3)
        3. Syrophoenician woman who touched the Hem of His garment
          1. "If only I may touch His garment, I shall be made well" (Matthew 9:21)
          2. Point of contact for the release of faith
    3. Unbelief is powerful
      1. World destroyed by flood: only Noah and his family were saved
      2. Eve and Adam in the garden
      3. Pharaoh lost the first borns in Egypt
      4. Israel  fell in 70 AD
  4. Herod Antipas
    1. Tetrarch: a ruler of a fourth part
      1. Ruler of Galilee and Perea in Jordan
      2. Herod the Great's kingdom divided at death
        1. Archelaus took two parts
        2. Philip took one part
        3. Antipas took one part: the Galilee region
    2. Son of Herod the Great by his fourth wife
      1. Herod Idumean
      2. His wife a Samaritan
      3. Hated by the Jews
    3. Cold-blooded; murderous
      1. Killed members of the Sanhedrin because they challenged and disagreed with him
      2. Killed one of his wives
      3. Killed two of his sons
      4. Safer to be Herod's pig than his son
      5. Herod the Great tried to kill Jesus as a baby in Bethlehem
    4. Lived and ruled in Tiberius
      1. Jesus ministered in the Galilee region
      2. No record of Jesus visiting Tiberius
    5. Herod and John the Baptist
      1. While in Rome, Herod Antipas seduced Herodius (the wife of Herod Philip)
        1. He divorced his wife, the daughter of Aretas
        2. Aretas destroyed most of Herod's army
        3. Would have destroyed Antipas, but Rome intervened
      2. John pointed out it was unlawful: held Antipas to the same standard as a believer
        1. Antipas ruled Israel
        2. In the land of God, you must follow His rules
        3. John not a diplomat, politician, or compromiser
      3. John put in prison
    6. Daughter of Herodias and Philip, Salome, danced
      1. Herodias
        1. A cruel woman
        2. Only Jezebel, wife of King Ahab, compares
      2. Not uncommon for a dancer to ask a special favor
        e.g., Persian dancer given a caravansary
      3. Requested head of John the Baptist
    7. Herod remorseful over situation; not  repentant of sin
      1. Like a criminal sorry they were caught
      2. "For godly sorrow produces repentance leading to salvation, not to be regretted; but the sorrow of the world produces death" (2 Corinthians 7:10)
    8. Contrast with John the Baptist  
      1. John the Baptist feared only God
      2. Herod feare the crowd, his wife, and peers
    9. Rulers had the power of life and death
      e.g., Alexander Jannaus: at a feast, crucified 800 men after killing their wives and children before their eyes
  5.  Jesus moved with compassion
    1. Σπλαγχνίζομαι; splagchnizomai-compassion
      1. Related to His bowels
      2. Hebrews identified intense emotion as taking place in the abdomen
      3. Like the metaphor of the heart
      4. "Get butterflies"
    2. Jesus life marked by concern for others
      1. When Lazarus died: "He groaned in the spirit and was troubled" (John 11:33)
      2. In Gethsemane, His concern for His disciples: "Therefore, if you seek Me, let these go their way," (John 18:8)
      3. On the cross, His concern for His mother (see John 19:26-27)
  6. Feeding of the 5000
    1. Miracle recorded in all four gospels
    2. Commentators try to rationalize the miracle
      1. Most brought their lunch; inspired by boy with loaves and fish, they shared
      2. Jesus and the disciples stored food in a cave ahead of time
      3. Harder to be an atheist than a believer in Christ—it takes more faith
    3. Disciples underestimated their Master and overestimated the problem
    4. Jesus blessed and broke and gave the loaves
      1. Instead of looking down, they looked up to pray
      2. Barukh atah Adonai, Eloheinu, melekh ha-olam hamotzi lechem min ha'aretz. (Amein).
        Blessed are You, Lord, our God, King of the Universe who brings forth bread from the earth. (Amen)
    5. 5000 men plus women and children; probably 15,000 fed that day
    6. What the miracle reveals
      1. God is concerned with our physical needs
        1. "Look at the birds of the air, for they neither sow nor reap nor gather into barns; yet your heavenly Father feeds them. Are you not of more value than they?" (Matthew 6:26)
        2. "He who did not spare His own Son, but delivered Him up for us all, how shall He not with Him also freely give us all things?" (Romans 8:32)
      2. God uses small things to do great things
        1. Barley loaves: cheap common loaves
        2. Fish: small lake fish, possible pickled fish
        3. Jesus hands made the difference
          1. Could it be we don't exercise our gifts because we don't believe they are enough?
          2. We belong to God
          3. Not how great we are—how great God is
      3. God's provision goes a long way
        1. Ate and were full
        2. 12 baskets left over
          1. 12 apostles
          2. Lunch the next day
        3. Exceedingly abundantly above what they asked or thought (see Ephesians 3:20)
        4. Not necessarily gourmet everyday
        5. God takes care of needs—not greed
        6. "I have been young, and now am old; Yet I have not seen the righteous forsaken, Nor his descendants begging bread." (Psalm 37:25)
  7. Jesus walks on water
    1. Sea of Galilee
      1. Syrian/African rift
        1. Shift of African and Arabian tectonic plates
        2. Valley created below sea level
        3. Includes the Sea of Galilee, Jordan River, Dead Sea
      2. Magnet for storms
        1. Mediterranean breezes funnel thru canyons
        2. Plateaus 2000 feet above sea level
        3. Warm air on sea
        4. Cool air through canyon (Horns of Hittin)
        5. Airflow from wide to narrow: huge storms on Sea
    2. Fourth watch of the night
      1. 6-9 pm
      2. 9 pm-12 am
      3. 12-3 am
      4. 3 am - 6 am
    3. Jesus came to them after they struggled in the storm for eight hours
    4. He came to them on what they feared the most
    5. He made them get into the boat
      1. Constrained, compelled them
      2. They were in God's will
      3. Revolutionize our pain—God sent us here
    6. Peter walked with Jesus on the water
      1. Took His eyes off the Lord and started sinking
      2. Lord, save me!
      3. "The effective, fervent prayer of a righteous man avails much" (James 5:16)
    7. The storm ceased
      1. Trials don't last forever
      2. "And it came to pass" (Matthew 13:53)
    8. Body of water known by three names
      1. Sea of Galilee
      2. Sea of Tiberius
      3. Lake of Gennesaret
    9. Gennesaret
      1. Southwest part of the sea
      2. Broad, fertile plain
      3. Jesus healed many
        1. Contrast to the people of Nazareth
        2. Their great faith touched Him
  8.  Conclusion
    1. Herod had John the Baptist killed; thought His troubles were over
      1. When Caligula made Agrippa King, Herodias pressed Antipas to go to Rome to guy the title and privilege of King
      2. Agrippa told Caligula and Agrippa was banished
    2. Whoever you are, whatever you have Let Him break it to be a blessing to others
      1. "But God has chosen the foolish things of the world to put to shame the wise, and God has chosen the weak things of the world to put to shame the things which are mighty" (1 Corinthians 1:27)
      2. Put yourself in Jesus hands; let Him change you for His glory

Greek terms: Τέκτων; tektón- stone and wood builder; a craftsman; Σπλαγχνίζομαι; splagchnizomai-compassion
Hebrew terms: Barukh atah Adonai, Eloheinu, melekh ha-olam hamotzi lechem min ha'aretz. (Amein) - Blessed are You, Lord, our God, King of the Universe who brings forth bread from the earth. (Amen)
Figures referenced: Herod the Great, Herod Antipas, Herod Archelaus, Herodius, Caligula
Cross references: Joshua 3; Psalm 37:25; Isaiah 61:1-2; Matthew 6:26; Matthew 9:21; Matthew 13:53; Mark 6:5; Luke 4:16-21; John 11:33; John 18:8; John 19:26-27; Romans 4:3; Romans 8:32; 1 Corinthians 1:27; 2 Corinthians 7:10; Ephesians 3:20; James 5:16; Jude 1:21

 


 

SERIES: 40 Matthew - 2011
MESSAGE: Matthew 15
SPEAKER: Skip Heitzig
SCRIPTURE: Matthew 15
URL: http://SkipHeitzig.com/1020

MESSAGE SUMMARY
God is less concerned with the outward appearance than He is with the inward attitude. In this passage, Jesus boldly proclaims truth in a confrontation with the Pharisees, warning his followers to avoid hypocrisy. We also witness His tender response to the persistent faith of a Gentile woman, and His mercy for the multitudes. As we study Matthew 15, let's consider our own approach to Him: Do we recognize that we cannot live without Him?

STUDY GUIDE
Matthew 15
When He had called the multitude to Himself, He said to them, “Hear and understand: Not what goes into the mouth defiles a man; but what comes out of the mouth, this defiles a man.”
Matthew 15:10–11
PRAYER: Father, teach me to not transgress your commandments because of traditions, help me to beseech you in prayer with great faith and find myself at your feet as I study Matthew 15.
Journal your prayer here:






PREVIEW: In Matthew 15, we’ll see the scribes and Pharisee as blind guides leading their followers into a ditch. We will also see a Canaanite woman demonstrate great faith as she beseeches Jesus for the deliverance of her daughter. We also see many healed and filled as Jesus continues in His ministry.


Matthew 15 Outline:
Debate Over Tradition - Read Matthew 15:1-20
Jesus Heals the Gentile Woman’s Daughter - Read Matthew 15:21-28
Jesus Heals Many - Read Matthew 15:29-31
Jesus Feeds 4,000 - Read Matthew 15:32-39
PREPARE: Get ready to learn the importance of knowing what God’s commandments are versus man’s traditions, to learn an important lesson about our hearts, to see a Gentile woman pursue Jesus for her greatest need, and to see Jesus heal many as they lay at His feet.
Debate Over Tradition - Read Matthew 15:1-20
Matthew 15:1–20 (NKJV)
1 Then the scribes and Pharisees who were from Jerusalem came to Jesus, saying,
2 “Why do Your disciples transgress the tradition of the elders? For they do not wash their hands when they eat bread.”
3 He answered and said to them, “Why do you also transgress the commandment of God because of your tradition?
4 For God commanded, saying, ‘Honor your father and your mother’; and, ‘He who curses father or mother, let him be put to death.’
5 But you say, ‘Whoever says to his father or mother, “Whatever profit you might have received from me is a gift to God”—
6 then he need not honor his father or mother.’ Thus you have made the commandment of God of no effect by your tradition.
7 Hypocrites! Well did Isaiah prophesy about you, saying:
8 ‘These people draw near to Me with their mouth, And honor Me with their lips, But their heart is far from Me.
9 And in vain they worship Me, Teaching as doctrines the commandments of men.’ ”
10 When He had called the multitude to Himself, He said to them, “Hear and understand:
11 Not what goes into the mouth defiles a man; but what comes out of the mouth, this defiles a man.”
12 Then His disciples came and said to Him, “Do You know that the Pharisees were offended when they heard this saying?”
13 But He answered and said, “Every plant which My heavenly Father has not planted will be uprooted.
14 Let them alone. They are blind leaders of the blind. And if the blind leads the blind, both will fall into a ditch.”
15 Then Peter answered and said to Him, “Explain this parable to us.”
16 So Jesus said, “Are you also still without understanding?
17 Do you not yet understand that whatever enters the mouth goes into the stomach and is eliminated?
18 But those things which proceed out of the mouth come from the heart, and they defile a man.
19 For out of the heart proceed evil thoughts, murders, adulteries, fornications, thefts, false witness, blasphemies.
20 These are the things which defile a man, but to eat with unwashed hands does not defile a man.”
1. The Jewish oral traditions were written and studied and became known as the Mishnah. One of these traditions dealt with the washing of hands before and during meals. What did the scribes and Pharisees say that Jesus’ disciples transgressed (v. 2)?




2. The word transgress means to violate a command or law. How did the scribes and Pharisee says Jesus’ disciples transgressed the oral tradition (v. 2)?




3. Jesus responds to the scribes and Pharisees’ accusations with an accusation of His own. What did Jesus say the scribes and Pharisees were guilty of transgressing (v. 3)?




4. How were the scribes and Pharisees guilty of this transgression (vv. 5-6)? (See also Mark 7:9-13)




5. What did Jesus say the result of the scribes and Pharisees transgression of the commandment of God to, “Honor your father and mother,” was (v. 6)?




6. PRODUCE: The scribes and Pharisees made God’s commandments of no effect by justifying their disobedience through their oral traditions. What are ways we as Christians justify our disobedience to God’s commandments?




7. PROCEED: The scribes and Pharisees had traditions that made God’s commandments, “of no effect.” Share with the group some modern day traditions that also make God’s commandments, “of no effect.”






8. Jesus calls the scribes and Pharisees, “Hypocrites!” (v.7). It's easy to say you love God, “draw near to Me with their mouth” (v.8), but Jesus said that loving Him is obeying His commandments (John 14:15, 21, 23). 9. How does the quote from Isaiah describe the heart and worship of those who don’t actually keep the commandments of God (vv.8-9)?






10. PROPOUND: Teaching as doctrines the commandments of men (v. 9b) is a very dangerous spiritually. Why? (See Colossians 2:20-23, Titus 1:10-16)






11. PRACTICE: It is important to obey God’s commands and not excuse your disobedience because of a tradition. How are we to be diligent in discerning what is a commandment of man that is being taught as doctrine and what is truly a commandment of God? (See Acts 17:11)


12. What was the response of the scribes and Pharisees to Jesus’ response about His disciples not washing their hands according to the oral traditions (v. 12)? (See also Matthew 11:6, Isaiah 8:14-15, Romans 9:32, and 1 Peter 2:8.)




13. PROPOUND: What do you think Jesus meant when He said, “Every plant which My heavenly Father has not planted will be uprooted,” (v. 13)? (See also Matthew 3:12, 13:30)




14. Jesus refers to the scribes and Pharisees as, “blind.” What is the problem with being blind? What becomes of those who are blind and guide others? What becomes of those who are guided by those who are blind? (See also Matthew 23:16-22, Luke 6:39, Proverbs 26:27)




15. PROPOUND: Think about the ditch that the blind guide and his followers fall into. What do you think a ditch is a picture of? (Isaiah 9:16, Malachi 2:8, Psalm 7:14-16)


16. Peter asks Jesus to explain the parable in Matthew 15:11 (v. 15). What become of that which goes enters the mouth (v. 17)?




17. Jesus is says that it is not what goes into your mouth that defiles you, rather it is what come out of your mouth that defiles you. Where does that which comes out of your mouth come from (v. 18)? (See also Luke 6:45, James 3:6)




18. What did Jesus say comes out of the heart? (v. 19)




19. PROCLAIM: Out of a man’s heart proceeds many evil thoughts. Share with the group how those evils get into the man’s heart. (See Jeremiah 17:9, Galatians 5:19-21)




20. PROPOUND: How can you tell what is stored in your heart? (See Luke 6:45)




21. PROTECT: God made a way for us to keep our hearts, which are desperately wicked, pure. Think about what it takes to keep your heart pure. (See John 17:17, 1 John 1:8-10) Share your thoughts with the group.


Jesus Heals the Gentile Woman’s Daughter - Read Matthew 15:21-28
Matthew 15:21–28 (NKJV)
21 Then Jesus went out from there and departed to the region of Tyre and Sidon.
22 And behold, a woman of Canaan came from that region and cried out to Him, saying, “Have mercy on me, O Lord, Son of David! My daughter is severely demon-possessed.”
23 But He answered her not a word. And His disciples came and urged Him, saying, “Send her away, for she cries out after us.”
24 But He answered and said, “I was not sent except to the lost sheep of the house of Israel.”
25 Then she came and worshiped Him, saying, “Lord, help me!”
26 But He answered and said, “It is not good to take the children’s bread and throw it to the little dogs.”
27 And she said, “Yes, Lord, yet even the little dogs eat the crumbs which fall from their masters’ table.”
28 Then Jesus answered and said to her, “O woman, great is your faith! Let it be to you as you desire.” And her daughter was healed from that very hour.


22. Jesus went to Tyre and Sidon (v. 21), the Gentile coastal region of Phoenicia where He encountered a Canaanite woman (v. 22). What does she ask Jesus for (v. 22)?




23. What was Jesus’ initial response to her (v. 23)?




24. Jesus’ disciples urge Him to send the Canaanite woman away. What reason does Jesus give for not initially addressing her pleading (v. 24)? (See also Matthew 10:5-6)




25. PROMOTE: Despite not receiving a response from Jesus and the disciples’ urging Jesus to send her away, what does the Canaanite woman do (Matthew 15:25, Mark 7:25)? How is her response something we should do in our own life and tell others to do when they experience difficult situations?




26. Jews referred to Gentiles as dogs. Jesus used the word kynarion, the word for a household dog, a pet, when saying it isn’t good to give the children’s bread to the little dogs. What was the Canaanite woman’s response to Jesus’ response (v. 27)?




27. Jesus answered the Canaanite woman by calling her, “gune” or “woman.” This word is a term of respect, it is the same word He used when He spoke of His mother. What does Jesus tell her and what is done for her (v. 28)?
Jesus Heals Many - Read Matthew 15:29-31
Matthew 15:29–31 (NKJV)
29 Jesus departed from there, skirted the Sea of Galilee, and went up on the mountain and sat down there.
30 Then great multitudes came to Him, having with them the lame, blind, mute, maimed, and many others; and they laid them down at Jesus’ feet, and He healed them.
31 So the multitude marveled when they saw the mute speaking, the maimed made whole, the lame walking, and the blind seeing; and they glorified the God of Israel.


28. Jesus departs the region of Tyre and Sidon and walks along (skirts) the Sea of Galillee. He goes up on a mountain and sits down. Who comes to Him and who do they bring with them (v. 30)?




29. PROPOUND: In Matthew 15:30, where are all those who need Jesus’ healing touch placed? Why is this a significant place to go when we or others in our lives need healing from Jesus? (See Mark 7:25; Luke 7:38; 8:41; 10:39)




30. What two things do the multitudes do when they see the mute speaking, the maimed made whole, the lame walking, and the blind seeing (v. 31)?


Jesus Feeds 4,000 - Read Matthew 15:32-39
Matthew 15:32–39 (NKJV)
32 Now Jesus called His disciples to Himself and said, “I have compassion on the multitude, because they have now continued with Me three days and have nothing to eat. And I do not want to send them away hungry, lest they faint on the way.”
33 Then His disciples said to Him, “Where could we get enough bread in the wilderness to fill such a great multitude?”
34 Jesus said to them, “How many loaves do you have?” And they said, “Seven, and a few little fish.”
35 So He commanded the multitude to sit down on the ground.
36 And He took the seven loaves and the fish and gave thanks, broke them and gave them to His disciples; and the disciples gave to the multitude.
37 So they all ate and were filled, and they took up seven large baskets full of the fragments that were left.
38 Now those who ate were four thousand men, besides women and children.
39 And He sent away the multitude, got into the boat, and came to the region of Magdala.


31. Jesus calls His disciples to Himself to discuss the multitudes. How long had they continued with Him and what did Jesus have on them (v. 32)?




32. What dilemma did the disciple face (v. 33)?




33. How does Jesus resolve the disciple’s dilemma (vv. 34-36)?




34. The multitudes along with Jesus and His disciples all ate and were filled. Approximately how many people ate (v. 38)? How much food was left over (v. 37)? What word describes the baskets (v. 37)?






PROCESS: Review what you’ve learned in Matthew 15. Highlight what the Lord has shown you and share it with the group.
PRAY: Father, thank You for the wonderful lessons I’ve learned studying Matthew 15. Please help me to put them into practice.
Journal your prayer here:




DETAILED NOTES

  1. Introduction
    1. What Jesus is like
      1. People have a false view
        1. Sunday school Jesus
        2. "Gentle Jesus, meek and mild,
          Look upon this little child"
      2. Gentle and compassionate
      3. Confrontational, depending on who He is dealing with
      4. Radical, non-conformist
        1. Did not conform to societal standards
        2. Did not conform to religious practices
        3. Held tenaciously to God's Word
        4. Against religious traditions
          1. Covered the truth
          2. Made it difficult to access the truth
    2. New Testament groups
      1. History
        1. Developed during 400 years between Old and New Testaments
        2. Jews in captivity 70 years
        3. Came back with a desire to please God
      2. Scribes
        1. Founded by Ezra
        2. Originally copied sections of the Torah
        3. Eventually wrote and debated interpretations of the Law
        4. Their comments became a law
        5. More interested in the letter of the law than the spirit of the law
      3. Pharisees
        1. פרושים; parushim- separated
        2. Started well
        3. Desired to be separate from the world, foreign influence, idolatry
        4. Sold out to God
        5. Became legalistic
      4. Sadducees
        1. Liberal
        2. Did not believe in the Law, miracles or a literal physical resurrection
        3. Politically inclined
        4. Wealthy aristocrats
        5. Social conscience
        6. Wanted peace with Rome
        7. Not great enemies of Jesus in the gospels
        8. Great enemies of the church in Acts
      5. Herodians
        1. Jewish nationalists
        2. Sided with the Herods, who had built the temple
    3. Hypocrites
      1. Jesus not looking for trouble—trouble found Him
      2. Jesus unafraid of confrontation
      3. Hypocrite comes from Greek term for an actor on stage
      4. One who lived behind a mask
      5. Every area of life has hypocrites
      6. Spiritual hypocrites are the worst
      7. Jesus did not hold back against hypocrisy (see Matthew 23)
  2. Tussle over tradition
    1. Setting
      1. Jesus had been miraculously healing people in Galilee
        1. Blind see
        2. Deaf hear
        3. Lame walk
        4. Wither hands work
        5. Dead raised
      2. News spread quickly
      3. Incurred interest of religious in Jerusalem
      4. Probably a delegation of the Sanhedrin makes up the Scribes and Pharisees who confront Jesus
      5. Public rebuke
    2. Oral law
      1. Tradition of the elders
      2. Body of rabbinic literature
      3. Later codified in the Mishnah and Talmud
        1. Talmud: 63 books in 8 volumes
        2. As binding to devout Jews as Scripture itself
        3. According to Rabbi Akiba (contemporary of Matthew), the traditions of the Law act as a fence around the law
          1. Seyag ha-Torah in Hebrew "fence of the Law"
          2. Tradition to keep people from breaking the Law
      4. Problems with rules and regulations
        1. You can perform them mechanically
        2. Your heart doesn't have to be in it
    3. Wash Hands
      1. Not hygiene: ritual
      2. Elaborate hand-washing ceremony of the oral law
        1. Hands place up before you, water poured at fingertips, rand down hands and fell off at the bend of the wrist
        2. Hands pointed down, water poured at wrists, ran down hands and fell off at fingertips
        3. Hands dried by rubbing in open palms
        4. Practiced before every meal and between every course
      3. Religious superstition: Shibtah (a demon) who attached to hands as one slept; touch food and ingest a demon)
    4. Jesus' answer
      1. Not argument about Scripture, but tradition
      2. As in Fiddler on the Roof: that which preserves tradition perforated Tevye's relationship with his daughter
      3. Scripture twisted in the oral law
        1. Corban: dedicated to God's exclusive purpose
        2. Kept and used
        3. A way out of the fifth commandment
      4. Traditions
        1. Be careful of traditions
          1. Is it established according to Scripture?
          2. Just a convenient way to apply Scripture?
        2. Traditions can remind us of important spiritual truths
          1. "Stand fast and hold the traditions which you were taught, whether by word or our epistle" (2 Thessalonians 2:15)
          2. Peter pointed to the prophets to validate what was happening (see Acts 2:14-21)
        3. Traditions in spiritual community can be obstructive and destructive even prohibit spiritual life
      5. Hypocrites!
        1. Hypocrites fulfill Scripture they are meticulous about keeping and memorizing
        2. Scathing, indicting words
        3. Jesus uses term 23 times in the New Testament
        4. 21 times used in regard to religious hypocrites
        5. Preach by the yard, practice by the inch, Jesus deals with them by the foot!
      6. Jesus addresses crowd about the Pharisees
        1. Hear and understand: pay close attention
        2. Under Levitical code: some foods were prohibited by God
          1. Animals that didn't chew the cud
          2. Animals that didn't have cloven hooves
          3. Fish without fins and scales
        3. To protect physical health
        4. A picture of defilement or sin
        5. Religious traditionalists focus on the outward; God focuses on the inward
        6. Sermon on the Mount: "You have heard that it was said….But I say to you" (see Matthew 5)
        7. Disciples question whether Jesus knew he offended the Pharisees
          1. He meant to offend Pharisees
          2. Undermining their false trust in their religious system
        8. Pharisees weren't God's plants, they were tares
        9. Marks of Hypocrites
          1. Offended by truth
          2. Destined for judgment
        10. Jesus condemned both the sin and the sinner
        11. Let them alone: stay away from them
      7. Jesus' explanation
        1. Peter walking with Jesus 2 years, didn't understand
        2. Heart: seat of human motives, will, desires, thinking
          1. "For as he thinks in his heart, so is he" (Proverbs 23:7)
          2. "Why do you think evil in your hearts?" (Matthew 9:4)
        3. Not defiled by your diet; filth comes form the heart, through the mouth
          1. Worse than what goes into the sewer
          2. "The heart is deceitful above all things, and desperately wicked; who can know it?" (Jeremiah 17:9)
          3. "Therefore circumcise the foreskin of your heart, and be stiff-necked no longer" (Deuteronomy 10:16)
          4. Whether vegan, carnivore, junk food junkie not the issue: heart is the issue
  3. Crumbs for a Canaanite
    1.  Jesus went north to Tyre and Sidon
      1. Tyre: 35 miles from Galilee
      2. Sidon: 60 miles from Galilee
      3. Ancient Phoenicia; modern-day Lebanon
    2. Canaanite woman
      1. Canaanites: immoral race which God marked for extinction
      2. Gentile addressing Jesus by His Jewish covenant name; Messianic  title
      3. "I was not sent except to the lost sheep of the house of Israel" (v. 24)
        1. " He came to His own, and His own did not receive Him" (John 1:11)
        2. "First for the Jew, then for the Gentile" (Romans 1:16 NIV)
        3. Jesus came as Messiah for Israel
      4. Knows her only hope is Jesus
      5. New approach: not as a Jew to Messiah, but as creature to Creator
    3. Little dogs
      1. Context: home dinner table
      2. Language
        1. Jews called gentiles "dogs"—scavenger dogs
        2. Jesus calls her "pet puppy"
    4. She knew her place
      1. Not under the covenant
      2. The leftover mercy is enough to heal her daughter
    5. Persistent, humble faith:  "Ask, seek, knock" —continually
  4. Mercy on the Mountain
    1. Not everyone came to Jesus
      1. Many were interested
        1. Some came to hear Him speak
        2. Some came for free lunch
      2. Who really came?
        1. Those who knew they couldn't live without Him
          1. The lame
          2. The maimed
          3. The blind
          4. Aware of their need
        2. Know their need, admit their need,
        3. Know they aren't good enough
    2. Fed 4000
      1. Similar to feeding of 5000
      2. Differences
        1. 5000: with Jesus for 1 day/4000: with Jesus 3 days
        2. 5000: sat on the grass (late winter, early spring)/ 4000: sat on the ground (summer)
        3. 5000: five loaves and two fish/4000: seven loaves and a few fish
        4. 5000: 12 baskets left over/4000: 7 large baskets leftover
        5. 5000: near Galilee; Jewish community/4000 Decapolis; Ten Gentile cities
    3. How will we feed them?
      1. Forgot the feeding of the 5000: How soon we forget!
      2. If we can't figure it out, we think it can't be done
      3. Sarah laughed about getting pregnant
      4. Like a 747; some laws supersede others
      5. Miracles: God has another set of laws
    4. Jesus used what was there; used people who were there
      1. How evangelism takes place: God's life-changing message entrusted to us
      2. He could use angels, as He will during the tribulation
    5. They went to Magdala: North of Tiberius

Hebrew terms: פרושים; parushim- separated; Seyag ha-Torah: fence of the Law
Publications referenced: Fiddler on the Roof
Figures referenced: Rabbi Akiba
Cross references: Deuteronomy 10:16; Proverbs 23:7; Jeremiah 17:9; Matthew 5; Matthew 9:4; Matthew 23; John 1:11; Acts 2:14-21; Romans 1:16; 2 Thessalonians 2:15

Topic: Jesus' ministry

Keywords: Pharisees, hypocrites, Canaanite woman, little dogs, faith, miracles

 


 

SERIES: 40 Matthew - 2011
MESSAGE: Matthew 16:1-20
SPEAKER: Skip Heitzig
SCRIPTURE: Matthew 16:1-20
URL: http://SkipHeitzig.com/1022

MESSAGE SUMMARY
Through stern rebuke, gentle prodding, and powerful teaching, Jesus instructs those around Him about who He is and how we can know and serve Him. Matthew 16 records several lessons in faith - warnings and wisdom which encourage us in our own spiritual journey.

STUDY GUIDE
Matthew 16
Then Jesus said to His disciples, “If anyone desires to come after Me, let him deny himself, and take up his cross, and follow Me.”
Matthew 16:24
PRAYER: Father, teach me how to "come after Jesus" as I live my life. Help me discover what manner of person I ought to be as I study Matthew 16.
Journal your prayer here:


PREVIEW: In Matthew 16, we see the sign given to a wicked and adulterous generation that seeks after a sign, we learn to beware of the leaven of the Pharisees and the Sadducees and what the keys to the kingdom are, we answer the question, "Who do you say Jesus is?", we find out what it takes to come after Jesus, we resolve a paradox that Jesus gives, and we discover the value of our souls, and what manner of persons we ought to be as disciples of Christ.
Matthew 16 Outline:
Debate Over a Sign from Heaven - Read Matthew 16:1-4
Withdrawal of Jesus - Read Matthew 16:5-12
Revelation of the Person of the King - Read Matthew 16:13-17
Revelation of the Church - Read Matthew 16:18-20
Revelation of Jesus’ Death - Read Matthew 16:21-23
Revelation of Jesus’ Reward - Read Matthew 16:24-26
The Prophecy of the Second Coming - Read Matthew 16:27-28

Debate Over a Sign from Heaven-Read Matthew 16:1-4
Matthew 16:1–4 (NKJV)
1 Then the Pharisees and Sadducees came, and testing Him asked that He would show them a sign from heaven.
2 He answered and said to them, “When it is evening you say, ‘It will be fair weather, for the sky is red’;
3 and in the morning, ‘It will be foul weather today, for the sky is red and threatening.’ Hypocrites! You know how to discern the face of the sky, but you cannot discern the signs of the times.
4 A wicked and adulterous generation seeks after a sign, and no sign shall be given to it except the sign of the prophet Jonah.” And He left them and departed.
1. What was the intention of the Pharisees and Sadducees in asking Jesus to show them a sign from heaven (v. 1)?

2. The Pharisees and Sadducees were able to discern the face of the sky by observing it in the morning and evening. What did Jesus say they weren’t able to discern (v. 4)?


3. PRODUCE: Jesus calls the Pharisees and Sadducees “Hypocrites!” for not being able to discern the signs of the time in Matthew 16:3. What “signs of the times” should the Pharisees and Sadducees have been able to discern? (See also Matthew 9:32-34, 15:31.)

4. PROCEED: What sign did Jesus say would be given the wicked and adulterous generation that seeks after a sign (Matthew 16:4)?

5. PROPOUND: What does the sign of Jonah represent, and why is that the sign that will be given to the wicked generation? (See Matthew 12:39-41)


Withdrawal of Jesus - Read Matthew 16:5-12
Matthew 16:5–12 (NKJV)
5 Now when His disciples had come to the other side, they had forgotten to take bread.
6 Then Jesus said to them, “Take heed and beware of the leaven of the Pharisees and the Sadducees.”
7 And they reasoned among themselves, saying, “It is because we have taken no bread.”
8 But Jesus, being aware of it, said to them, “O you of little faith, why do you reason among yourselves because you have brought no bread?
9 "Do you not yet understand, or remember the five loaves of the five thousand and how many baskets you took up?
10 "Nor the seven loaves of the four thousand and how many large baskets you took up?
11 "How is it you do not understand that I did not speak to you concerning bread?—but to beware of the leaven of the Pharisees and Sadducees.”
12 Then they understood that He did not tell them to beware of the leaven of bread, but of the doctrine of the Pharisees and Sadducees.
6. What did the disciples forget to bring (v. 5)?


7. Jesus tells His disciples to, “take heed,” which means to guard against. What were they to guard against (v. 6)?


8. PROPOUND: In Hebrew life, leaven played an important part not only in breadmaking, but also in law, ritual, and religious teachings. Jesus explained to His disciples what He meant by the “leaven of the Pharisees and the Sadducees.” What does that which Jesus told His disciples to take heed against represent (v.12)?


9. PRACTICE: Why is it important to take heed against even a little leaven (incorrect doctrine) in our lives? (See Galatians 5:9 and 1 Corinthians 5:6.)


10. PROPOUND: Jesus was aware (v. 8) that the disciples thought that He was telling them to take heed and beware because they had forgotten to bring bread (v. 7). Why does Jesus refer to the feeding of the four and five thousand (vv. 9-10)? What were the disciples to understand and remember about these miracles?


Revelation of the Person of the King - Read Matthew 16:13-17
Matthew 16:13–17 (NKJV)
13 When Jesus came into the region of Caesarea Philippi, He asked His disciples, saying, “Who do men say that I, the Son of Man, am?”
14 So they said, “Some say John the Baptist, some Elijah, and others Jeremiah or one of the prophets.”
15 He said to them, “But who do you say that I am?”
16 Simon Peter answered and said, “You are the Christ, the Son of the living God.”
17 Jesus answered and said to him, “Blessed are you, Simon Bar-Jonah, for flesh and blood has not revealed this to you, but My Father who is in heaven.
11. PROPOUND: John the Baptist was known for his proclamation of the kingdom of heaven (Matthew 3:2). Elijah was known for his miraculous works and prophetic statements (1 Kings 17-18, 21, 2 Kings 1-2). The prophet Jeremiah was known for his compassion and concern toward God’s people (Jeremiah & Lamentations). Why might the people have said Jesus was one of those men (Matthew 16:14)?



12. Who does Simon Peter proclaim Jesus to be (v. 16)? How does He know this (v. 17)? (See also Matthew 14:33.)

13. PROCLAIM: Jesus asked His disciples, “But who do you say that I am?” (Matthew 16:15). Share with the group your answer to this question “Who do you personally say Jesus is?”


Revelation of the Church - Read Matthew 16:18-20
Matthew 16:18–20 (NKJV)
18 "And I also say to you that you are Peter, and on this rock I will build My church, and the gates of Hades shall not prevail against it.
19 "And I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven, and whatever you bind on earth will be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth will be loosed in heaven.”
20 Then He commanded His disciples that they should tell no one that He was Jesus the Christ.
14. Jesus used two different words when telling Peter He would build His church. Jesus said, “you are Peter” (Petros), which means small stone. He then said, “and on this rock,” (Petra), which means massive rock. What massive rock is Jesus referring to when He says He is going to build His church upon it? (See Matthew 16:16, Romans 10:9-10.)


15. A key is a sign of authority. Jesus said He would give Peter the keys of the kingdom of heaven. How did Peter use these keys? (See Acts 2:38, 15:14,19-20.)

16. Peter has been falsely proclaimed as the first pope because of Matthew 16:18. One of the qualifications for the papacy is infallibility on spiritual matters. Was Peter infallible? (See Matthew 16:23, Galatians 2:11.)


17. PROPOUND: Why do you think Jesus commanded His disciples to not proclaim that He was the Christ? (See also John 6:15, 18:36.)


Revelation of Jesus’ Death - Read Matthew 16:21-23
Matthew 16:21–23 (NKJV)
21 From that time Jesus began to show to His disciples that He must go to Jerusalem, and suffer many things from the elders and chief priests and scribes, and be killed, and be raised the third day.
22 Then Peter took Him aside and began to rebuke Him, saying, “Far be it from You, Lord; this shall not happen to You!”
23 But He turned and said to Peter, “Get behind Me, Satan! You are an offense to Me, for you are not mindful of the things of God, but the things of men.”
18. What does Jesus begin to show His disciples (v. 21)?

19. Peter took Jesus aside and began to rebuke Him (v. 22) for the things He was showing to his disciples (v. 21). What was Jesus’ response to Peter’s rebuke (v. 23)?

20. PROPOUND: Why do you think Jesus told Peter that he was an offense (stumbling block) to Him (v. 23)?

Revelation of Jesus’ Reward - Read Matthew 16:24-26
Matthew 16:24–26 (NKJV)
24 Then Jesus said to His disciples, “If anyone desires to come after Me, let him deny himself, and take up his cross, and follow Me.
25 "For whoever desires to save his life will lose it, but whoever loses his life for My sake will find it.
26 "For what profit is it to a man if he gains the whole world, and loses his own soul? Or what will a man give in exchange for his soul?
21. PROTECT: Meditate upon the three things that Jesus said were to be done if a person were to come after Him (Matthew 16:24). What are those three things and what do they mean?


22. PROMOTE: When Jesus called His disciples, He said, “Follow me” (Matthew 4:18, 9:9). Share with the group what the life of a person who follows Him should look like.


23. PROPOUND: Matthew 16:25 seems to be a paradox. The person who wants to save his life must lose it. The person who loses his life for Jesus’ sake will find it. How do you resolve this paradox?
24. Jesus gives a perspective on the value of a man’s soul (the life given to him). What value does He put on a man’s soul? (See also Psalm 49:6-9, 1 Peter 1:18-19.)


25. Our souls are extremely valuable from God’s perspective—they are worth more than anything and everything in this world. What price did God pay to redeem your soul? (See John 3:16, 1 Corinthians 6:19-20, 1 Peter 1:18-19.)


26. Since our souls are so valuable to God and nothing in this world can be given in exchange for them, what manner of persons ought we to be? (See 1 Peter 2:24, 4:1-6, 2 Peter 3:10-13.)



The Prophecy of the Second Coming - Read Matthew 16:27-28
Matthew 16:27–28 (NKJV)
27 "For the Son of Man will come in the glory of His Father with His angels, and then He will reward each according to his works.
28 "Assuredly, I say to you, there are some standing here who shall not taste death till they see the Son of Man coming in His kingdom.”
27. Jesus prophesies about His second coming. What did He say He would do when He returns in the glory of His Father with His angels (v. 27)? (See also Romans 2:6; 2 Corinthians 5:10, 1 Peter 1:17; Revelation 2:23.)


28. What works do you think Jesus is referring to in Matthew 16:27? (See Ephesians 2:10, Matthew 5:16, 2 Timothy 3:17, Titus 3:8, 1 Peter 2:12.)



PROCESS: Review what you’ve learned in Matthew 16. Highlight what the Lord has shown you so you can share it with the group.

PRAY: Father, thank You for valuing my soul so much. Help me to deny myself, take up my cross, and follow You, that I might receive from you eternal rewards for doing the good works You created me to do!
Journal your prayer here:




DETAILED NOTES

  1. Introduction
    1. Jesus on earth, moving in Galilee
      1. Teaching, preaching, healing
      2. Lives changed
        1. News spread
        2. Some concluded this is Messiah
      3. Leaders suspicious; want to see for themselves
    2. Matthew 16: a turning point in Jesus' ministry
      1. First mention of church
        1. "And I also say to you that you are Peter, and on this rock I will build My church, and the gates of Hades shall not prevail against it" (v. 18).
        2. What did He mean?
        3. How do we fit in?
      2. Jesus begins preparing His disciples for what they don't expect
        1. Predicted His own suffering, arrest, trial, beating, crucifixion, resurrection
        2. Goes over their heads
        3. Peter argues it won't happen (see v. 22)
        4. One year left in His public ministry
    3. Theme of Matthew 16: faith
      1. No faith
      2. Little faith
      3. Saving faith
      4. Serving faith
  2. No Faith (vv. 1-4)
    1. The Pharisees and the Sadducees
      1. Odd phrase
        1. Now together; almost never together
        2. Almost always opposed
        3. Enemies
      2. Pharisees
        1. Conservative theology
        2. Lived according to the minutiae of the oral law
          1. What would Moses do?
          2. Referred to the written law
        3. Believed in the spiritual world
          1. Angels/demons
          2. Resurrection
        4. Political separatists
      3. Sadducees
        1. Liberal theology
        2. Didn't believe in the spiritual world
          1. No angels/no demons
          2. No resurrection
        3. Rejected the oral law
        4. Political activists
      4. Paul in trial before the Sanhedrin used their differences to his benefit (see Acts 22-23)
        1. "But when Paul perceived that one part were Sadducees and the other Pharisees, he cried out in the council, 'Men and brethren, I am a Pharisee, the son of a Pharisee; concerning the hope and resurrection of the dead I am being judged!'" (Acts 23:6)
        2. The assembly was divided
          1. Pharisees now supported Paul
          2. Sadducees against him
      5. Agreed on their hatred of Jesus—both groups wanted Him dead
      6. Asked him for a sign from heaven
        1. ἐκ; ek - out of
        2. Something they could see in the sky as dramatic and miraculous
    2. Jesus' answer
      1. Mariners saying: "Red sky in the morning, sailors take warning; red sky at night sailor's delight"
      2. Jesus was the sign
        1. Simeon in the temple: "Behold, this Child is destined for the fall and rising of many in Israel, and for a sign which will be spoken against" (Luke 2:34)
        2. Sent from the Father to the earth
        3. Predicted by the prophets
      3. Good at seeing the natural; lousy at seeing the supernatural
        1. Restored limbs
        2. Made blind see
        3. Made deaf hear
      4. Times
        1. Not χρόνος; chromos- chronological time; sequence of time
        2. Καιρός; kairos- epochs, eras, seasons
        3. In God's redemptive history, season of Messiah on earth
          1. Jesus held them responsible
          2. Bible students; they should have known
          3. "Now as He drew near, He saw the city and wept over it, saying, 'If you had known, even you, especially in this your day, the things that make for your peace! But now they are hidden from your eyes. For days will come upon you when your enemies will build an embankment around you, surround you and close you in on every side, and level you, and your children within you, to the ground; and they will not leave in you one stone upon another, because you did not know the time of your visitation'" (Luke 19:44)
        4. Today
          1. Pinpoint weather forecast
          2. Economic forecast
          3. Fashion trends
          4. Ignorant of God's redemptive history
          5. Almost the end
            1. Israel re-gathered against all odds
            2. Hebrew spoken
            3. Coalition between Russian and Iran against Israel
          6. Warning: be aware of the times
      5. Wicked and adulterous generation
        1. Wicked - exceedingly sinful
        2. Adulterous - spiritual infidelity
          1. Israel referred to as the wife of God
          2. Married to systems of liberalism and legalism
      6. Sign of the prophet Jonah
        1. "For as Jonah was three days and three nights in the belly of the great fish, so will the Son of Man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth" (Matthew 12:40)
        2. Resurrection
  3. Little Faith (vv. 5-12)
    1. Bread
      1. Left in a hurry, didn't take much bread
      2. Took one loaf (see Mark 8:14)
      3. Had to prepare food in advance
      4. Their minds were on the physical: Disciples like us
      5. Leaven - yeast; fermented dough influences and corrupts
    2. Jesus on a spiritual wavelength; misunderstood
      1. Nicodemus: "'Most assuredly, I say to you, unless one is born again, he cannot see the kingdom of God.'  Nicodemus said to Him, 'How can a man be born when he is old? Can he enter a second time into his mother's womb and be born?'" (John 3:3-4)
      2. Samaritan woman at the well: "'Whoever drinks of this water will thirst again, but whoever drinks of the water that I shall give him will never thirst. But the water that I shall give him will become in him a fountain of water springing up into everlasting life.'" The woman said to Him, 'Sir, give me this water, that I may not thirst, nor come here to draw'" (John 4:13-15)
      3. Jesus miraculously fed the 4000 and the 5000, He can provide
    3. Doctrine of the Pharisees and Sadducees
      1. Διδαχή; didaché - doctrine, teaching
      2. Pharisee's doctrine: legalism
      3. Sadducee's doctrine: liberalism
      4. Both legalism and liberalism can corrupt the church
        1. Lives destroyed
        2. Spiritual walks ruined
      5. Bible never treats false doctrine lightly
        1. "Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you cleanse the outside of the cup and dish, but inside they are full of extortion and self-indulgence" (Matthew 23:25)
        2. "But others save with fear, pulling them out of the fire, hating even the garment defiled by the flesh" (Jude 1:23)
          1. Save people out of false doctrines
          2. Don't linger or entertain it
        3. Beware of what you allow yourself to listen to or watch
  4. Saving Faith (vv. 13-20)
    1. Training the disciples
      1. 2 ½ years
      2. Telling, training, teaching
        1. About Himself
        2. About the truth
        3. Do they understand?
      3. Setting
        1. Away from the crowd; a private place
        2. Caesarea Philippi
          1. 25 miles NNE of Galilee
          2. Headwaters of the Jordan River
            1. Feeds life to Israel
            2. Stops at the Dead Sea
            3. According to Josephus, cave at the foot of Mt. Hermon
            4. Called Living Water
        3. Importance
          1. Geographic significance: entire land depended on it
          2. Important to Pagans
            1. 14 pagan temples (including Baal, Pan, and Caesar Augustus built by Herod)
            2. Notable place of worship
          3. Contrast with Himself
        4. Cool place
          1. 1700 feet above sea level
          2. Contrast Sea of Galilee
            1. Hot physically
            2. Hot politically
            3. Hot spiritually
    2. Jesus' two simple questions
      1. "Who do men say I, the Son of Man, am?" (v.13)
        1. He knew; wanted to contrast what people said with what they knew Him to be
        2. Son of Man
          1. Used 100 times in the gospels
          2. Jesus indentifying with mankind
          3. Used of Ezekiel
          4. Jesus adopted term
          5. Most frequent description in the gospels
        3. John the Baptist
          1. Herod Antipas worried John the Baptist was raised from the dead (see Matthew 14:2)
          2. As John was bold and uncompromising, so was Jesus (see Matthew 3:7)
        4. Elijah
          1. Dead 900 years
          2. "Behold, I will send you Elijah the prophet before the coming of the great and dreadful day of the Lord. And he will turn The hearts of the fathers to the children, And the hearts of the children to their fathers, Lest I come and strike the earth with a curse" (Malachi 4:5-6)
          3. Jews anticipated Elijah: vacant seat and open door at Passover
        5. Jeremiah
          1. The weeping prophet
          2. Jesus—a Man of deep emotion, filled with compassion, will weep over Jerusalem
          3. Story, legend: Before Babylonian destruction of the temple in Jerusalem, Jeremiah took the Ark of the Covenant and Altar of Incense and hid them on top of Mt. Nebo; before Messiah comes, Jeremiah will return and rightful place of Israel
      2. "Who do you say that I am?" (v. 16)
        1. Determines the fate of everyone
        2. "You are the Christ, the Son of the living God" (v. 16)
          1. Christ not His last name
          2. Yeshua Ben Yosef; Jesus son of Joseph
          3. χριστὸς; Christos - Christ
          4. מָשִׁ֫יח; mashiach - Messiah, anointed, smeared one
          5. Son of God
            1. Essence and nature of the Father
            2. Affirmation of His deity
    3. On this Rock
      1. Catholic church teaches the primacy of Peter
        1. Peter the first pope
        2. Vicar of Christ; Bishop of Rome
          1. Passed down through apostolic succession
          2. Pope speaks ex cathedra; from the chair
      2. Church not built on Peter
        1. That would be a weak church
        2. Not the understanding of the apostles
          1. Peter not in charge of the early church
          2. James was in charge and Peter submitted to James
      3. Play on words
        1. Πέτρος; petros - pebbles
        2. πέτρᾳ; petra - rock
        3. "You are a little pebble but upon this massive stone I will build my church"
        4. "I'm not building my church on you, pebble, but on what you said
        5. Build on people who believe and confess what you confessed
        6. "For no other foundation can anyone lay than that which is laid, which is Jesus Christ" (1 Corinthians 3:11)
    4. Keys of the Kingdom
      1. Implement of authority
      2. If you have the keys, you have control; you are a steward
      3. "He who has the key of David, He who opens and no one shuts, and shuts and no one opens"(Revelation 3:7)
      4. Eliakim had the key of David on his shoulder signifying charge of the doors and authority (see Isaiah 22:22)
      5. Peter acted as steward of the kingdom
        1. Opened the doors wide on Pentecost when 3000 were saved (first sermon)
        2. Opened the door of faith for the Gentiles with Cornelius

Hebrew terms: מָשִׁ֫יח; mashiach - Messiah, anointed, smeared one; Yeshua Ben Yosef; Jesus son of Joseph
Greek terms: ἐκ; ek - out of; χρόνος; chromos- chronological time; sequence of time; Καιρός; kairos- epochs, eras, seasons; χριστὸς; Christos - Christ; Πέτρος; petros - pebbles; πέτρᾳ; petra - rock
Figures referenced: Josephus
Cross references: Isaiah 22:22; Malachi 4:5-6; Matthew 3:7; Matthew 12:40; Matthew 14:2; Matthew 23:25; Mark 8:14; Luke 2:34; Luke 19:44; John 4:13-15; Acts 22; Acts 23; Acts 23:6; 1 Corinthians 3:11; Jude 1:23; Revelation 3:7

Topic: Faith

Keywords: Pharisees, Sadducees, pope, legalism, liberalism, Peter

 


 

SERIES: 40 Matthew - 2011
MESSAGE: Matthew 16:21-17:27
SPEAKER: Skip Heitzig
SCRIPTURE: Matthew 16:21-17:27
URL: http://SkipHeitzig.com/2197

MESSAGE SUMMARY
Jesus calls His followers to deny themselves, take up their cross, and follow Him. From this passage, we gain a clearer understanding of what it means to exalt Him as King in our lives and also get a preview of His future glory, when He will reign over all the earth.

STUDY GUIDE
Matthew 17
While he was still speaking, behold, a bright cloud overshadowed them; and suddenly a voice came out of the cloud, saying, “This is My beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased. Hear Him!”
Matthew 17:5 (NKJV)


Matthew 17 Outline:
The Transfiguration - Read Matthew 17:1-13
Instruction About Faith - Read Matthew 17:13-21
Instruction About Jesus’ Death - Read Matthew 17:22-23
Instruction About Taxes - Read Matthew 17:24-27


The Transfiguration - Read Matthew 17:1-13
Matthew 17:1–13 (NKJV)
1 Now after six days Jesus took Peter, James, and John his brother, led them up on a high mountain by themselves;
2 and He was transfigured before them. His face shone like the sun, and His clothes became as white as the light.
3 And behold, Moses and Elijah appeared to them, talking with Him.
4 Then Peter answered and said to Jesus, “Lord, it is good for us to be here; if You wish, let us make here three tabernacles: one for You, one for Moses, and one for Elijah.”
5 While he was still speaking, behold, a bright cloud overshadowed them; and suddenly a voice came out of the cloud, saying, “This is My beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased. Hear Him!”
6 And when the disciples heard it, they fell on their faces and were greatly afraid.
7 But Jesus came and touched them and said, “Arise, and do not be afraid.”
8 When they had lifted up their eyes, they saw no one but Jesus only.
9 Now as they came down from the mountain, Jesus commanded them, saying, “Tell the vision to no one until the Son of Man is risen from the dead.”
10 And His disciples asked Him, saying, “Why then do the scribes say that Elijah must come first?”
11 Jesus answered and said to them, “Indeed, Elijah is coming first and will restore all things.
12 But I say to you that Elijah has come already, and they did not know him but did to him whatever they wished. Likewise the Son of Man is also about to suffer at their hands.”
13 Then the disciples understood that He spoke to them of John the Baptist.

1. The transfiguration is a fulfillment of Matthew 16:28. What did Jesus say the “some standing here,” would see? (See Matthew 16:28)






2. The transfiguration prefigures the kingdom reign of Jesus Christ, when we will see Him in all of His glory and will also be transfigured to be like Him just as Moses and Elijah were like Him. What will our glorified bodies be like? (See Philippians 3:20-21, 1 Corinthians 15:49, Romans 8:29-30, 2 Corinthians 3:18)




3. We too will one day be transfigured to be like Him, until that day what should we be doing? (See 1 John 3:2-3)




4. Moses and Elijah appear with Jesus to Peter, James and John. What are Moses and Elijah talking with Jesus about (v. 3)? (See Luke 9:30-31)






5. Moses and Elijah appearing at the transfiguration represent the law and the prophets. Although obeying the law and applying the messages of the prophets is important, what does the voice of the Father say we should, “hear” (v. 5)? (See also Deuteronomy 18:15;19, Acts 3:22-23)






6. What comes from “hearing” Jesus? (See Romans 10:17)






7. What else must we do beside “hear” Jesus? (See Matthew 7:24-27, James 1:22-25)




Apologetic Points from the Transfiguration:

*
Some cults don’t believe in the Trinity. They try to say that any references to the Trinity are actually references to one god who takes on the characteristics of Father, Son or Holy Spirit and different times in Scripture. The transfiguration proves that the Father and Son are two separate Persons. (As does the baptism of Christ when all three members of the Trinity are manifested.)

*
Some cults believe that Christ lost His deity when He became a man. The transfiguration proves this to be false.

*
Roman Catholics believe that the appearance of Moses and Elijah at the transfiguration supports their belief that we should pray to the dead (saints).

*
The Seventh Day Adventists believe in ‘soul sleep’ when we die. The appearance of Moses and Elijah at the transfiguration disproves this concept.

*
Some groups try to say that Matthew 17:12-13 proves reincarnation. They try to say that Jesus is saying that John the Baptist is Elijah reincarnated. “but I say to you that Elijah already came, and they did not recognize him, but did to him whatever they wished. So also the Son of Man is going to suffer at their hands. Then the disciples understood that He had spoken to them about John the Baptist.”




Instruction About Faith - Read Matthew 17:14-21
Matthew 17:14–21 (NKJV)
14 And when they had come to the multitude, a man came to Him, kneeling down to Him and saying,
15 “Lord, have mercy on my son, for he is an epileptic and suffers severely; for he often falls into the fire and often into the water.
16 So I brought him to Your disciples, but they could not cure him.”
17 Then Jesus answered and said, “O faithless and perverse generation, how long shall I be with you? How long shall I bear with you? Bring him here to Me.”
18 And Jesus rebuked the demon, and it came out of him; and the child was cured from that very hour.
19 Then the disciples came to Jesus privately and said, “Why could we not cast it out?”
20 So Jesus said to them, “Because of your unbelief; for assuredly, I say to you, if you have faith as a mustard seed, you will say to this mountain, ‘Move from here to there,’ and it will move; and nothing will be impossible for you.
21 However, this kind does not go out except by prayer and fasting.”
8. People in Eastern cultures believed that the moon shining on one’s face would drive a person crazy. The words the man uses to describe his son, “an epileptic and suffers severely” is the word, lunatic, or moonstruck and literally means “smitten by the moon.” What was his true condition (v. 18)?




9. Why couldn’t the disciples cast out the demon from the man’s son (v. 20)?






10. Jesus said that having faith as a mustard seed could move mountains, or change the landscape in your life’s situation. What did Jesus say would be impossible to you if you have faith (v. 20)?






11. What is faith? (See Hebrews 11:1-2)






12. How are we to live? (See Habakkuk 2:4, Romans 1:16-17, Galatians 2:16; 3:11, Hebrews 10:38)






13. Jesus said “However, this kind does not go out except by prayer and fasting.” (v. 21) Why is prayer AND fasting important?




Instruction About Jesus’ Death - Read Matthew 17:22-23
Matthew 17:22–23 (NKJV)
22 Now while they were staying in Galilee, Jesus said to them, “The Son of Man is about to be betrayed into the hands of men,
23 and they will kill Him, and the third day He will be raised up.” And they were exceedingly sorrowful.


14. Why were the disciples were exceedingly sorrowful (v. 23)?


15. Often we too can be exceedingly sorrowful when we know a difficult situation is coming upon us. What else did Jesus tell the disciples that should have been given them hope (v. 23)?


16. What are some reasons the disciples might have rejoiced at Jesus statement that He was going to be betrayed and killed (v. 23)? (See also John 16:7)




17. Often difficult situations are placed in our lives by God (Deuteronomy 8:2, James 1:2-3), and we can be extremely sorrowful because of them. However, we need to try to see beyond our temporary situation. What are some reasons we might rejoice in our extremely sorrowful circumstances? (See Romans 5:3-4, 2 Corinthians 4:16-18, James 1:2-2, 1 Peter 4:13,)
Instruction About Taxes - Read Matthew 17:24-27
Matthew 17:24–27 (NKJV)
24 When they had come to Capernaum, those who received the temple tax came to Peter and said, “Does your Teacher not pay the temple tax?”
25 He said, “Yes.” And when he had come into the house, Jesus anticipated him, saying, “What do you think, Simon? From whom do the kings of the earth take customs or taxes, from their sons or from strangers?”
26 Peter said to Him, “From strangers.” Jesus said to him, “Then the sons are free.
27 Nevertheless, lest we offend them, go to the sea, cast in a hook, and take the fish that comes up first. And when you have opened its mouth, you will find a piece of money; take that and give it to them for Me and you.”
18. Jesus implies that He is a king and His children are exempt from paying taxes by asking His question to Peter (v. 25). How does a person become a child of King Jesus? (See John 1:12-13)




19. Peter typically would fish using nets. Jesus instructed Peter to go “cast in a hook.” We can assume that Peter obeyed and paid the temple tax for himself and Jesus. Why is it important to obey Jesus’ instruction regardless of “how” he instructs you to perform an action?


DETAILED NOTES

  1. Introduction
    1. Scarlet Thread of Redemption
      1. "Cut the Bible anywhere, and it bleeds" —Graham Scroggie
      2. Sacrifice of Jesus Christ prominently displayed or predicted throughout the Bible
        1. Abraham's near sacrifice of Isaac
          1. "Then He said, "Take now your son, your only son Isaac, whom you love, and go to the land of Moriah, and offer him there as a burnt offering on one of the mountains of which I shall tell you" (Genesis 22:2)
          2. First time "love" is used; a father sacrificing his son
          3. Mount Moriah was the mountain Jesus was crucified on
        2. Moses lifted up the serpent
          1. People looked by faith and were healed
          2. "And as Moses lifted up the serpent in the wilderness, even so must the Son of Man be lifted up," (John 3:14)
        3. King David
          1. Vivid description of crucifixion, hundreds of years before it was invented (see Psalm 22)
          2. One of Jesus' sayings on the cross: "My God, My God, why have You forsaken Me?" (Psalm 22:1)
        4. Isaiah (chapter 53)
          1. Suffering Servant
          2. "Who has believed our report? And to whom has the arm of the Lord been revealed?” (Isaiah 53:1)
          3. "He was wounded for our transgressions, He was bruised for our iniquities; the chastisement for our peace was upon Him, And by His stripes we are healed" (Isaiah 53:5)
      3. The cross was paramount: "The Lamb slain from the foundation of the world" (Revelation 13:8)
      4. The billboard of eternity
    2. "Verbal real-estate" of the four gospels
      1. One-third of the events recorded occur in the last week of Jesus' life on earth
      2. In four gospels, four chapters give information about the first 30 years of Jesus' life
      3. 85 chapters focus on the last 3 ½ years of Jesus' life: public ministry
      4. Of those, 29 deal with the final week of Jesus' life on earth
      5. Of those, 13 deal with the last day of Jesus life on earth
      6. 579 verses  about the final day of His life on earth
    3. Christ foretells His death: Lessons
      1. Growing tendency for churches to be ashamed of the cross
      2. Focus on being cool, hip, relevant
      3. Social issues become the focus
      4. "Best life now" instead of denying self, taking up cross, following Jesus
      5. Popular ministries exclude cross; focus on what makes people feel good about themselves
  2. Jesus predicts His own death
    1. Peter's reaction
      1. Trying to protect Jesus from the cross
      2. Peter objecting
        1. Only hearing the negative
        2. Not hearing "Be raised from the dead the third day"
        3. He focused on the black dot on the white sheet
          1. We too, focus on the bad things
          2. Down, depressed
          3. Christians may mope if they "haven't heard the Word"
      3. Expected a conquering Messiah
      4. Jesus came first to deal with sin; will rule and reign at His second coming
      5. Reaction and expectation
        1. Thought the Lord would be pleased
        2. As before, "You are the Christ, the Son of the living God" (Matthew 16:16)
    2. "Get behind Me, Satan!"
      1. Not referring to Peter himself
      2. Jesus recognized that voice; testing in the wilderness
        1. Satan's offer
        2. A way to avoid the cross
      3. Men value comfort rather than sacrifice
      4. Well meaning counsel may not necessarily be godly counsel
  3. Deny self, take up cross, and follow Me
    1. Two approaches to life
      1. Deny self, take up cross
      2. Live for self, ignore cross
    2. Evangelism
      1. Rejoice for those who come to know Christ
      2. Danger in not understanding only just begun
      3. Must grow to be a disciple
    3. Deny self
      1. Not deny things for your self
      2. Deny self
      3. No to self, yes to God
      4. Take self off the throne of life; enthrone Christ
    4. Take up cross
      1. Death; come to an end
      2. Abandon personal ambition to serve Jesus
  4. Transfiguration
    1. Disciples' sneak preview of His coming Kingdom
    2. Location
      1. Mount Tabor
        1. East end of Jezreel Valley
        2. Where Deborah and Barak fought Sisera
        3. 1900' high
      2. Mount Hermon more likely
        1. Josephus says an armed fortress atop Mount Tabor in Jesus day
        2. With disciples in Caesarea Philippi
        3. 9232' high
        4. Somewhere on the slopes
    3. Μεταμορφόω; metamorphoó; transfigured, changed
      1. Like a butterfly from a cocoon
      2. Not just His appearance, but his essential form became different
      3. The Son of God breaking out of the cocoon of the Son of Man
      4. Possibly his post-resurrection body; Jesus in His glory
        1. "His head and hair were white like wool, as white as snow, and His eyes like a flame of fire… His countenance was like the sun shining in its strength" (Revelation 1:14, Revelation 1:16)
        2. "The city had no need of the sun or of the moon to shine in it, for the glory of God illuminated it. The Lamb is its light" (Revelation 21:23)
        3. Like a time-tunnel;
    4. Moses and Elijah with Him
      1. Moses
        1. Greatest person to the Jewish people
        2. Great Lawgiver; represented the law
      2. Elijah; Greatest Old Testament prophet
      3. Jesus testified to by the Law and the Prophets
      4. Moses a Messianic model: "The Lord your God will raise up for you a Prophet like me from your midst, from your brethren. Him you shall hear" (Deuteronomy 18:15)
      5. Elijah brought apostate Israel back to the Lord
      6. Elijah the predicted forerunner; "Behold, I will send you Elijah the prophet before the coming of the great and dreadful day of the Lord. And he will turn The hearts of the fathers to the children, And the hearts of the children to their fathers, Lest I come and strike the earth with a curse" (Malachi 4:5-6)
      7. Both had a glorious vision on a high mountain
      8. Both were rejected by Israel at a time in their ministry
      9. Both had interesting deaths
        1. We don't know Moses' burial place
        2. Elijah never died
        3. "Yet Michael the archangel, in contending with the devil, when he disputed about the body of Moses, dared not bring against him a reviling accusation, but said, 'The Lord rebuke you!'" (Jude 1:9)
        4. "Indeed, Elijah is coming first and will restore all things" (Matthew 17:11)
      10. Moses and Elijah come
        1. Two witnesses of Revelation 11
        2. Stop the rain (like Elijah, who stopped the rain for 3 ½ years)
        3. Turn water to blood (like Moses)
    5. Peter's reaction
      1. Peter a man of action
      2. Tabernacles: Feast of Tabernacles
        1. Commemorating God's faithfulness
        2. Anticipating the coming kingdom
        3. According to New Testament Chronologists, 6 months prior to Cross
          1. Tishri (fall)
          2. During the Feast of Tabernacles
        4. Peter is thinking of the Kingdom age
        5. "And it shall come to pass that everyone who is left of all the nations which came against Jerusalem shall go up from year to year to worship the King, the Lord of hosts, and to keep the Feast of Tabernacles" (Zechariah 14:16)
      3. As if to say, "Lord, You're glowing; here are Moses and Elijah—set up the Kingdom, forget the cross"
    6. Peter's mistakes
      1. He wants to stay on the mountain when God wants him to work in the valley
      2. He put Moses and Elijah on the same par with Jesus
        1. Peter listened to Elijah and Moses his whole life
        2. Now time to listen to Jesus
        3. "God, who at various times and in various ways spoke in time past to the fathers by the prophets, has in these last days spoken to us by His Son" (Hebrews 1:1-2)
    7. Peter's account: "For we did not follow cunningly devised fables when we made known to you the power and coming of our Lord Jesus Christ, but were eyewitnesses of His majesty. For He received from God the Father honor and glory when such a voice came to Him from the Excellent Glory: 'This is My beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased.' And we heard this voice which came from heaven when we were with Him on the holy mountain. And so we have the prophetic word confirmed, which you do well to heed as a light that shines in a dark place, until the day dawns and the morning star rises in your hearts" (2  Peter 1:16-19)
    8. Peter, James, and John instantly recognized Moses and Elijah
      1. We will recognize one another in heaven
      2. In heaven we will really know each other
      3. "Do you think we will be more stupid in heaven"—Charles Spurgeon
    9. Disciple's struggle
      1. If Elijah is coming, why does Messiah have to die?
      2. John the Baptist came and was rejected and killed
      3. A suffering forerunner is followed by a suffering Messiah
  5. From the mountaintop to the valley
    1. Epileptic
      1. KJV: lunatic
      2. "Moonstruck" belief looking at the moon make you crazy
      3. Physical ailment brought on by a spiritual condition
    2. Jesus had given them power to cast them out
    3. Their faith was less than it ought to be
    4. Mustard seed faith
      1. Figure of speech
      2. "Move Mountains" overcome great difficulties
      3. Not faith in faith
      4. Faith in Christ
    5. Back to the cross
    6. Exceedingly sorrowful
      1. When one dies and goes to heaven
      2. We will miss them
      3. Sorrowful is biblical
        1. "Lest you sorrow as others who have no hope" (1 Thessalonians 4:13)
        2. Hopeful mourning versus hopeless mourning

Greek terms: Μεταμορφόω; metamorphoó; transfigured, changed
Figures referenced: Graham Scroggie; Charles Spurgeon
Cross references: Genesis 22:2; Deuteronomy 18:15; Psalm 22; Isaiah 53:1; Isaiah 53:5; Zechariah 14:16; Malachi 4:5-6; Matthew 16:16; Matthew 17:11; John 3:14; 1 Thessalonians 4:13; Hebrews 1:1-2; 2 Peter 1:16-19; Jude 1:9; Revelation 1:14; Revelation 1:16; Revelation 13:8; Revelation 21:23

Topic: Transfiguration

Keywords: transfiguration, Elijah, Moses

 


 

SERIES: 40 Matthew - 2011
MESSAGE: Matthew 18
SPEAKER: Skip Heitzig
SCRIPTURE: Matthew 18
URL: http://SkipHeitzig.com/2201

MESSAGE SUMMARY
How should sin be dealt with? As we examine Matthew 18, we learn not only to deal radically with sin in our own lives, but also the steps toward reconciliation with a sinning brother.

STUDY GUIDE
Matthew 18

For where two or three are gathered together in My name, I am there in the midst of them.
Matthew 18:20

PREVIEW: In Matthew 18, we'll learn about humility through the example of a little child and about honesty in dealing with problems in a biblical manner. We'll also learn about forgiveness—how much we've been forgiven and how we should forgive others.


Matthew 18 Outline:

Instruction about Humility - Read Matthew 18:1-5
Punishment of Offenders - Read Matthew 18:6-11
Parable of the Lost Sheep - Read Matthew 18:12-14
The Offended Brother - Read Matthew 18:15-20
Instruction about Forgiveness - Read Matthew 18:16-35


Instruction About Humility - Read Matthew 18:1-5
1. According to Luke 9:46, the disciples were actually disputing when they asked Jesus this question. What question do the disciples ask Jesus? What do they want to know (v. 1)?






2. What illustration does Jesus use to answer their question and address the disciples’ dispute amongst each other (vv. 2-5)?




3. Jesus listed two steps required for entrance to the kingdom. What are they (v. 3)? What does each step refer to?






4. What is the specific answer Jesus gives to the disciples’ question (v. 4)?






5. What does the word “humble” mean? What does it mean to humble yourself?






6. What becomes of the person who humbles themself before Jesus Christ? (See Matthew 23:13, James 4:6, and Luke 18:9-14.)




Punishment of Offenders - Read Matthew 18:6-11
7. A millstone was a very large stone weighing hundreds of pounds; it was used to grind grain into flour. Jesus used a graphic illustration containing a millstone. What did he say having a millstone hung around your neck and being drowned in the depths of the sea would be better than doing (v. 6)?




8. In this context, an offense is something that stumbles others in their faith, deceiving them and leading them astray. Jesus said, “Woe to the world because of offenses! For offenses must come…” Why do you want to ensure that offenses are not coming from you and your life (v. 7)? (See Matthew 26:24, 27:4-5.)


9. Jesus uses the hand, foot, and eye as metaphors for things that cause you to sin. What does He imply you should do with those things that cause you to sin (vv. 8-9)?


10. Why should a person deal with sin in such a radical way? (See Deuteronomy 31:17-18, Isaiah 59:2, Micah 3:4, and Revelation 21:15.)




11. The concept of guardian angels comes from Matthew 18:10. What do the angels always see (v. 10)? What should we not do to one of these little ones?




12. Jesus mentions the reason that He, the Son of Man, came. What was that reason (v. 11)?




Parable of the Lost Sheep - Read Matthew 18:12-14
13. Jesus gives this parable to demonstrate the importance of “one of these little ones” (v. 14). Who is the little one He is referring to in the parable? How important to the man is the little one that has strayed (vv. 12-13)?




14. Why does the man rejoice (v. 13-14)?




15. Since the Father so cares for each little one, how important should children’s ministry and child evangelism be to us? (See also Proverbs 22:6 and Ephesians 6:4.)




The Offended Brother - Read Matthew 18:15-20
16. In what case should you go and tell your brother his fault (v. 15)? (See also Galatians 6:1.)




17. When should you mention the sin of your brother to others (v. 16)?




18. What should you do if the brother refuses to hear you and your witnesses (v. 17)?




19. What should you do if the brother refuses to listen to the church (v. 17)? (See also Ephesians 5:11, 1 Timothy 6:3-5, 2 Timothy 3:2-5, and 2 John 1:10-11.)




20. Binding and loosing speak of the authority the church has in dealing with matters where sin is flagrantly, consistently, and obnoxiously practiced. Read 1 Corinthians 5. What did the church need to address and why? (See 1 Corinthians 5:1-6.) What did the church need to do (See 1 Corinthians 5:9-13.)?




21. Jesus gave authority to His disciples. What would be done for them if they agreed concerning anything (v. 19)?




22. Why is it important for you to pray with others (v. 20)?
Instruction About Forgiveness - Read Matthew 18:16-35
23. Jesus used an illustration of a master and two different servants to instruct His disciples about forgiveness. How much did the first servant owe the master (v. 24)? How much did the second servant owe the first servant (v. 28)?




24. What was the master going to do to the servant who couldn’t pay him the ten thousand talents (v. 25)?




25. What changed the mind of the master and caused him to forgive that servant’s debt (v.26)? What character quality is mentioned about the master (v. 27)?




26. Although the first servant was just treated with compassion and was forgiven his tremendous debt, what does he do to his fellow servant (v. 28)?




27. What does the second servant do to the first servant (v. 29)?




28. What was the response of the first servant to the second servant’s plea for mercy (v. 30)?




29. Some of the other servants see this event take place between these two servants (v. 31) and tell it to the master. What was the master’s response to the first servant (vv. 32-33)?




30. What does the master do with the unforgiving, first servant (v. 34)?




31. How could the unforgiving, first servant ever expect to pay off his debt while he is incarcerated with the torturers?




32. How should we forgive others who have wronged us and owe us a debt? (See Matthew 6:12, Ephesians 4:32, and Colossians 3:12-13.)




33. What are the dangers of not forgiving those who have wronged us and owe us a debt (v. 35)? (See also Matthew 6:14-15.)



DETAILED NOTES

  1. Introduction
    1. "I am convinced that nine out of every ten persons seeing a psychiatrist do not need one. They need someone who will love them with God's love...and they will get well."—Paul Tournier
    2. Interpersonal relationships in the Kingdom of God
    3. Matthey 18 is the fourth of 5 discourses in Matthew
      1. Themes: Childlikeness and forgiveness
      2. Developing capacity to understand God's love for us so we can responsibly share God's love with people
  2. Who is the greatest in the kingdom of heaven?
    1. Disciples thinking politically
      1. Expected Jesus to set up the earthly kingdom immediately
      2. Didn't understand when Jesus spoke of His own death
    2. Argued over their pecking order
      1. Transfiguration before Peter, James, and John
      2. The ones left out may have confronted, gossiped
      3. James' and John's mother: "Grant that these two sons of mine may sit, one on Your right hand and the other on the left, in Your kingdom." (Matthew 20:21)
      4. Upper room before crucifixion arguing
    3. Become as little children
      1. Ἀμὴν; Amēn–Assuredly;
      2. παιδίον; paidion–a very young child
      3. Characteristics
        1. Simple; not complex (no subtext)
        2. Helpless; no resources of their own
        3. Not worried about things
        4. Dependent
      4. What Jesus means: To get into the kingdom, you must be as dependent as a helpless, innocent little child as they depend on their parents
      5. A spiritual child of God: a believer
      6. As we love those who treat our children well, God feels the same way (i.e., when we honor His children, we honor Him)
    4. Σκανδαλίζω ; skandalizó–cause to sin, cause to fall, entrap, entice, influence to sin
      1. Cause one to be shaken in faith or lose faith
      2. Millstone around neck, thrown into sea
        1. Roman type of execution
        2. A donkey's upper millstone
          1. Donkey pulled to crush nuts or grain
          2. Weighted hundreds of pounds
        3. "He who touches you touches the apple of His eye." (Zechariah 2:8)
          1. Mess with Me, like poking Me in the eye
          2. Saul of Tarsus on the road to Damascus: "Saul, Saul, why are you persecuting Me?" (Acts 9:4)
      3. Biblical examples of those who caused others to stumble
        1. Eve enticed Adam to sin
        2. Aaron consented to construct the golden calf to be worshiped falsely
        3. Jeroboam enticed Israel to fall into idolatry
  3. Cut it off and cast it from you
    1. Shock is the intended effect
      1. Sin in your life is more gross
      2. Allowing sin to grow in your life is worse
    2. Right eye and right hand represent the best
      1. Arm of strength
      2. Dominant eye
      3. Strong leg or foot
      4. Do your best to spend your best for the right things
    3. Deal radically with sin
      1. Take lightly: "If we confess our sins, He is faithful and just to forgive us our sins and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness." (1 John 1:9)
      2. Like Paul the apostle: "Do you not know that those who run in a race all run, but one receives the prize? Run in such a way that you may obtain it. And everyone who competes for the prize is temperate in all things. Now they do it to obtain a perishable crown, but we for an imperishable crown. Therefore I run thus: not with uncertainty. Thus I fight: not as one who beats the air. But I discipline my body and bring it into subjection, lest, when I have preached to others, I myself should become disqualified." (1 Corinthians 9:24-27)
        1. Fight your own impulses
        2. Freedom in teaching God's truth
        3. Deal with issues in own life
      3. Joseph ran when Potiphar's wife tried to seduce him
      4. "Flee also youthful lusts" (2 Timothy 2:22)
      5. Losing any part of your life is better than losing God's work in your life
    4. In heaven their angels always see the face of My Father
      1. God's children are served by angels
      2. "Are they not all ministering spirits sent forth to minister for those who will inherit salvation?" (Hebrews 1:14)
      3. If children of God are served by God's angels, how dare they be attacked by God's people!
  4. Shepherd leaves the 99 to find the lost one
    1. Margin of loss 1%
      1. Run business, expect some loss
      2. Cut losses and move on
    2. Shepherds watched someone else's flock
      1. Didn't own the sheep
      2. If one ran away, shepherd had to pay for it
      3. If eaten, must prove attacked by another animal
    3. Shepherding hard work
      1. Sheep are dumb
        1. Wander
        2. Distracted
        3. Running
      2. Required attention
      3. "All we like sheep have gone astray; We have turned, every one, to his own way;" (Isaiah 53:6)
      4. "Prone to wander, Lord, I feel it, prone to leave the God I love" ("Come Thou Fount of Every Blessing" by Robert Robinson
    4. Jesus' emphasis not the stupidity of the sheep, but the restoring by the shepherd
      1. Love for sheep
      2. Value of sheep
      3. Recovery of sheep
      4. You are valuable to God
        1. Difficult to believe love of God
        2. Highly valued by God
        3. How dare you depreciate what God values?
      5. The solution for the straying sheep: "And the Lord has laid on Him the iniquity of us all." (Isaiah 53:6)
      6. The Shepherd became a sheep to find us and restore us to God
  5. When you are offended
    1. Most won't follow the process
      1. Won't deal with it
      2. Harbor bitterness
      3. Gossip about it
    2. When  believer offends another believer
      1. Go privately
        1. Directly, to no one else
        2. Tell them how they have offended you
        3. Not to vent
        4. Not to win an argument, but to win the brother; reconciliation
        5. If agree, it's over
      2. Get some help: 2 or 3 witnesses
        1. Approach as a group
        2. "One witness shall not rise against a man concerning any iniquity or any sin that he commits; by the mouth of two or three witnesses the matter shall be established. If a false witness rises against any man to testify against him of wrongdoing, then both men in the controversy shall stand before the Lord, before the priests and the judges who serve in those days." (Deuteronomy 19:15-17)
        3. Handled in the assembly of God's people
        4. Not in the courtroom: forbidden in 1 Corinthians 6
      3. Take before the church
        1. Leadership that represents the whole
        2. For the purpose of restoration
        3. "It is actually reported that there is sexual immorality among you, and such sexual immorality as is not even named among the Gentiles--that a man has his father's wife! And you are puffed up, and have not rather mourned, that he who has done this deed might be taken away from among you. For I indeed, as absent in body but present in spirit, have already judged (as though I were present) him who has so done this deed. In the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, when you are gathered together, along with my spirit, with the power of our Lord Jesus Christ, deliver such a one to Satan for the destruction of the flesh, that his spirit may be saved in the day of the Lord Jesus. Your glorying is not good. Do you not know that a little leaven leavens the whole lump? Therefore purge out the old leaven, that you may be a new lump, since you truly are unleavened. For indeed Christ, our Passover, was sacrificed for us. Therefore let us keep the feast, not with old leaven, nor with the leaven of malice and wickedness, but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth." (1 Corinthians 5:1-8)
      4. Treat the accused as an unbeliever
        1. Treat them as they have acted
        2. Love them
        3. Expect real repentance
        4. No intimacy
        5. Anticipated result of restoration
        6. See seriousness of sin
    3. Loose on earth will be loosed in heaven
      1. Link with what precedes: dealing with sin in the assembly
      2. Literally: Shall have been bound in heaven
      3. Does not give leadership authority of "gospel gestapo"
      4. Purpose of reconciliation and restoration
    4. Two or three are gathered in My name
      1. Linked to text above
      2. How large must an assembly be before it can bind and loose as described?
        1. According to the Jews, ten adult males to bind and loose as described
        2. Jesus said two or more submitted to the authority of His truth
    5. Why bother with steps of restoration? Why not just forgive?
      1. The administration of forgiveness in stages (not forgiveness itself)
      2. Immediately forgive them in your heart
        1. "And be kind to one another, tenderhearted, forgiving one another, just as God in Christ forgave you." (Ephesians 4:32)
        2. So that bitterness does not form
      3. Don't publically forgive until offender repents
      4. Tell them they are forgiven
    6. How often shall we forgive?
      1. Peter's seven sounds generous
        1. Rabbis said three
        2. Peter doubles and adds one
      2. Seventy times seventy
        1. Count 490
        2. We would lose count
        3. Love... keeps record of wrongs (1 Corinthians 13:5 NLT)
      3. Keep forgiving; infinite
    7. King who settled accounts
      1. Ten thousand talents is millions of dollars (entire annual revenue of Galilee was 300 talents)
        1. We can't pay for our sins
        2. "We are all beggars before God."—Martin Luther
      2. Servant has a high estimation of self: he has nothing to pay with
      3. Master forgave debt
      4. During the process of forgiveness, if you refuse to forgive, you are a hypocrite
      5. God is King—all His servants owed a debt that could not be paid
      6. We can't be bitter or unloving toward anyone
Hebrew terms: Ἀμὴν; Amēn–Assuredly
Greek terms: παιδίον; paidion–a very young child; Σκανδαλίζω ; skandalizó–cause to sin, cause to fall, entrap, entice, influence to sin
Figures referenced: Paul Tournier; Martin Luther
Publications referenced: "Come Thou Fount of Every Blessing" by Robert Robinson
Cross references: Deuteronomy 19:15-17; Isaiah 53:6; Zechariah 2:8; Matthew 20:21; Acts 9:4; 1 Corinthians 5:1-8; 1 Corinthians 6; 1 Corinthians 9:24-27; 1 Corinthians 13:5; Ephesians 4:32; 2 Timothy 2:22; Hebrews 1:14; 1 John 1:9

Topic: Christian living

Keywords: childlike, child, forgiveness, reconciliation, forgive, restoration, restore

 


 

SERIES: 40 Matthew - 2011
MESSAGE: Matthew 19
SPEAKER: Skip Heitzig
SCRIPTURE: Matthew 19
URL: http://SkipHeitzig.com/2215

MESSAGE SUMMARY
In the U.S., the lifestyle of Christians often mirrors that of unbelievers--divorce, self-indulgence, misaligned priorities. Using God's Word to teach lessons about divorce and eternal life, Jesus exhorts his followers to enter the kingdom of heaven--to live in wholehearted faith and obedience to the Him. Let's consider what Scripture says about godly living and the reward Jesus promises to His faithful followers.

STUDY GUIDE
Matthew 19
But Jesus looked at them and said to them, “With men this is impossible, but with God all things are possible.”
Matthew 19:26

PREVIEW: In Matthew 19, Jesus teaches the Pharisees and His disciples about divorce, and shows them what it takes to be His follower and enter into the kingdom of God.


Matthew 19 Outline:
Instruction About Divorce - Read Matthew 19:1-15
Rich Young Ruler - Read Matthew 19:16-26
The Apostles’ Reward – Read Matthew 19:27-30


Instruction About Divorce - Read Matthew 19:1-15
1. The Pharisees came to Jesus to test Him again, this time on the subject of divorce. What question did they ask Him and how was their question a “test” (v. 3)?




2. Matthew 19:4-6 can be used to disprove the Mormon claim that polygamy is biblical. Instead of answering their test question with a “yes” or “no,” what was Jesus’ answer (vv. 4-6)?






3. When we’re asked questions about difficult spiritual situations, how should our answer be like Jesus’ answer to the Pharisees?




4. Based upon Jesus’ answer, the Pharisees asked Him a follow-up question (v.7): “Why then did Moses command to give a certificate of divorce, and to put her away?” Why did Moses command this? Was Moses’ command God’s original intent for marriage? (See also Deuteronomy 24:1-4.)




5. When is divorce permissible? (See Matthew 5:32.)






6. Based upon Jesus’ answer to the Pharisees’ question about divorce, the disciples then asked Jesus their own question. What was their question and concern (v. 10)? What was Jesus’ response to their concern (vv. 11-12)? (See also Genesis 2:18, 24 and 1 Corinthians 7:29-33.)




Rich Young Ruler - Read Matthew 19:16-26
Matthew 19:16-26 is used by the Jehovah's Witnesses to claim that Jesus denied being God when He told the rich young ruler that there is no one good but God.
7. A young man approached Jesus to find out how he might obtain eternal life (v. 16). What did he believe needed to be done to obtain eternal life (v. 16)?




8. Matthew 19:16-20 is used by some Jewish apologists and scholars to demonstrate that Jesus says that you have to keep the law in order to get to heaven. Jesus listed the commandments the young man should keep (v. 18). The young man claimed to have kept all these since his youth (v. 19), and asked, “What do I still lack?” What was Jesus saying the young man needed to do to obtain eternal life? (See also Matthew 16:24-26.)




9. The young man needed to let go of his riches, for they were keeping him from following Jesus. What was his response to Jesus’ answer to the question, “What do I still lack?" (v. 22)?




10. Like the rich young ruler, we often want to follow Jesus’ ways and obtain a closer relationship and knowledge of Him. What did Jesus say is required for those to happen in our life? (See Matthew 16:24-26)




11. How hard is it for a person who is rich in this world to enter the kingdom of heaven? (See Matthew 13:22, 19:24, Mark 10:24, 1 Corinthians 1:26, and 1 Timothy 6:9.)


12. Even if a person completely trusts in riches or the things of this world, is their salvation impossible? (See Matthew 19:26)




The Apostles’ Reward – Read Matthew 19:27-30
13. The disciples asked Jesus what their reward would be for leaving what they had left to follow Him (v. 27). What did they leave? (See Matthew 4:20 and Luke 5:11.)




14. What is the cost of being a disciple of Jesus Christ and following Him? (See Matthew 19:21, Luke 14:25–33, and Philippians 3:7-8.)




15. Jesus gave a list of things a person might have to leave to follow Him (v.29). What is the reason He gave for leaving those things? What is the reward He promised to those who leave those things?




16. What do you think Jesus meant when He said, “But many who are first will be last, and the last first” (v.30)?


DETAILED NOTES

  1. Introduction
    1. Divorce
      1. In U.S., rate has risen 700% in the last century
        1. 1 divorce for every 1.8 marriages
        2. Over 50%
      2. Never God's plan
        1. Marriage God's plan: 1 man, 1 woman, 1 lifetime
        2. A concession for human weakness
        3. Jesus narrows the concession
          1. Not okay to divorce for just any reason
          2. Allowed for only one reason
    2. Setting: Jesus moving from Galilee toward Judea
      1. Will be in Judea and Perea
      2. Several months prior to his final trip to Jerusalem, where He will be crucified
  2. Jewish leaders question Jesus about divorce
    1. Purpose of the question
      1. Marriage held in high regard
        1. Jews regarded marriage as a divine duty
        2. A spiritual exercise
        3. "The altar in the temple sheds tears when a man divorces the wife of his youth"
      2. Only time divorce procedure addressed in Law: Deuteronomy 24
        "When a man takes a wife and marries her, and it happens that she finds no favor in his eyes because he has found some uncleanness in her, and he writes her a certificate of divorce, puts it in her hand, and sends her out of his house,  when she has departed from his house, and goes and becomes another man's wife,  if the latter husband detests her and writes her a certificate of divorce, puts it in her hand, and sends her out of his house, or if the latter husband dies who took her as his wife,  then her former husband who divorced her must not take her back to be his wife after she has been defiled; for that is an abomination before the Lord, and you shall not bring sin on the land which the Lord your God is giving you as an inheritance" (Deuteronomy 24:1-4)
      3. "Some uncleanness in his wife"
        1. Conservative thought
          1. Headed by Rabbi Shammai
          2. Moral impurity: adultery
        2. Liberal thought
          1. Headed by Rabbi Hillel
          2. Any reason
            1. Bad cooking
            2. Brawling
            3. Head uncovered
            4. Spoke badly of in-laws
          3. Rabbi  Akiba: finds a more attractive woman
          4. Most adhered to this view
      4. Lose/lose situation
    2. Jesus' response
      1. Goes back to before the Law in the garden
      2. Have you not read?
      3. Gives them God's view of marriage
        1. Cannot understand what God says about divorce until you understand what He says about marriage
        2. Two become one: one flesh
        3. Divorce for any reason is like amputating your leg because it has a splinter
      4. They turned the concession into a command
        1. Moses never gave a command to divorce
        2. Wrong interpretation
        3. The Targum of Palestine made divorce a commandment of God
      5. Divorce always involves adultery
        1. No exceptions
        2. Only reason is on the grounds of adultery
        3. For any other reason causes adultery
    3. Disciples' Reaction
      1. Better not to marry: with such a narrow margin, better to say single
      2. Jesus didn't back off
        1. Can't stay single unless you are especially equipped by God to do it
        2. Gift to be celibate
          1. Norm is procreation
          2. Δίδωμι; didómi- bestow a special gift upon
      3. Reasons to stay single
        1. Congenital reason: born without reproductive organs
        2. Cultural reason: harem guards were castrated to avoid temptation
        3. Spiritual reason: voluntary celibacy to be devoted to the Lord's work
          1. To minister in a way you couldn't if you were married
          2. "He who is unmarried cares for the things of the Lord--how he may please the Lord. But he who is married cares about the things of the world--how he may please his wife" (1 Corinthians 7:32-33)
          3. Requires a gift
  3. Let the little children come to me
    1. Parents brought their children to Jesus
      1. Parents who love their children want them to be as close to the Lord as possible
      2. Ancient practice to bring children to an esteemed rabbi for prayer
      3. Joseph brought Ephraim and Manasseh to Jacob for blessing
    2. Disciples rebuked them: an interruption
    3. Jesus rebuked the disciples
      1. Jesus wants the children to come
      2. It doesn't mean
        1.  That the Lord doesn't want your children in Sunday schools
        2. That you should bring your infants to be baptized
      3. It means we should encourage our children in their relationship with the Lord
      4. A comfort to those who have lost a young child (before the age of accountability)
      5. We are to come as children do
        1. Innocent faith
        2. Surrender
  4. Rich Young Ruler
    1. One of the poorest people you read about in the Bible
      1. Physically rich
      2. Spiritually poor
      3. He walks away from Jesus and His invitation to everlasting life
    2. Asks Jesus, "What good thing shall I do that I may ha eternal life?"
      1. He is wealthy, has no material worries
      2. Sensed a lack
        1. What is the purpose of life?
        2. What is out there that I need to experience?
      3. Revealed his ignorance
        1. Good teacher
          1. He put Jesus on the same level as the other good teachers
          2. He believed you could earn your way to heaven
        2. Jesus: No one is good but God
          1. Either Jesus is not good
          2. Or Jesus is God
          3. Gives the ruler the opportunity to confess that Jesus is God
    3. Jesus responds to the man on the basis of what he believes
      1. You think you must keep the commandments, let's see if you really do
      2. Five of the commandments
        1. Four negative/one positive
        2. Five of the last six commandments
        3. Love your neighbor as yourself
      3. The man says he has kept the commandments
      4. Sell what you have and give to the poor
        1. Probing to find the tender spot
        2.  Broken the first commandment
        3. Your god is your wealth
      5. Failed to recognize his spiritual bankruptcy
      6. Follow Jesus
    4. He walked away sorrowful
      1. Had lots of possessions
      2. Knew his heart was exposed
    5. Easier for a camel to enter the eye of a needle than for a rich man to enter the kingdom of God
      1. Laughable
      2. Impossible for any person to be saved apart from Jesus
      3. Scholars may say the "eye of a needle" was a small doorway
        1. Camels couldn't go through easily, but could go through
        2. The word Luke uses is a surgeons needle
        3. Who can be saved?
          1. They believed: If rich people can't be saved, no one can
          2. They believed: Wealth a sign of God's blessing
          3. See Deuteronomy 8:18
      4. With God all things are possible
    6. Peter's response: we've given all
      1. Jesus wants total and absolute surrender
      2. You cannot out give God
        1. The twelve thrones
          1. During the Millennial Kingdom
          2. Ruling the twelve tribes from Jerusalem
          3. The restitution of all things
        2. Receive a hundredfold
  5. Lessons
    1. Whatever God calls you to do, He equips you to do
    2. God never calls kids to act like adults, but he tells adults to be like children to enter the kingdom
      1. Grow up by growing down
      2. Be more dependent on and trusting of God
    3. Salvation is impossible apart from God
    4. Whatever sacrifices you make to serve the Lord, will be abundantly rewarded
      "For our light affliction, which is but for a moment, is working for us a far more exceeding and eternal weight of glory" (2 Corinthians 4:17)

Greek Terms: Δίδωμι; didómi- bestow a special gift upon
Publications referenced: The Targum of Palestine
Cross references: Deuteronomy 8:18; Deuteronomy 24:1-4; 1 Corinthians 7:32-33; 2 Corinthians 4:17

Topic: Divorce

Keywords: divorce, adultery

 


 

SERIES: 40 Matthew - 2011
MESSAGE: Matthew 20
SPEAKER: Skip Heitzig
SCRIPTURE: Matthew 20
URL: http://SkipHeitzig.com/2217

MESSAGE SUMMARY
As followers of Christ, what awaits us in eternity? In this study, we consider not only our eternal home but also our eternal reward. Saved by grace through faith, we must see beyond the circumstances and status of this world, and look toward our future glory.

STUDY GUIDE
Matthew 20
Yet it shall not be so among you; but whoever desires to become great among you, let him be your servant. - Matthew 20:26 (NKJV)
PREVIEW: In Matthew 20, Jesus answers Peter's inquiry about rewards in the kingdom by giving a parable and a direct answer, and demonstrates what it takes to be great in the kingdom of heaven.
Matthew 20 Outline:
Parable of the Laborers - Read Matthew 20:1-16
Instruction About Jesus’ Death - Read Matthew 20:17-19
Instruction About Ambition - Read Matthew 20:20-28
The Blind Men Recognize the King - Read Matthew 20:29-34

Parable of the Laborers - Read Matthew 20:1-16

1. Jesus says in Matthew 19:30, “But many who are first will be last, and the last first.” He explains that statement with this parable of the landowner and the laborers he hires. Who do you think the landowner in this parable represents? (See also Matthew 21:33-45, John 15:1, Isaiah 5:1-7, Psalm 80:8-9, and Jeremiah 2:21.)



2. How much pay did the landowner offer the laborers he hired early in the morning (v. 2)? How much did he offer the laborers he hired later in the day (vv. 3, 7)?




3. What times of day did the landowner go to the marketplace to hire laborers?



4. What were the laborers doing when the landowner encounters them (vv. 3, 6)? Why were they doing this (v. 7)?




5. When evening came (6 pm), the owner of the vineyard has his steward gather the laborers to give them their wages. What order does the owner want the steward to pay the laborers (v. 8)?




6. How much did those hired in the eleventh hour receive for their hour of work (v.9)?




7. What did those hired first expect after seeing those hired in the eleventh hour receive their wage (v.10)? What did they do after receiving their wages (v. 11-12)?




8. Although the laborers seem to have a valid argument (v. 12), what does the landowner make clear to them (vv. 13-15)?




9. This parable is an answer to Peter’s question about what rewards he and the other disciples would receive for following Jesus (Matthew 19:27-30). Based upon the wages to work ratio in the parable, what are some insights you derive from the landowner’s goodness?




10. When you and I stand before Jesus Christ at the Bema Seat to be rewarded, what will we be judged for? (See 1 Corinthians 3:9-15, 2 Corinthian 5:9-11)




11.What should our goal be as laborers of Jesus Christ, knowing that we will stand before Him and knowing for what we will be judged? (See 1 Corinthians 4:2, 1 Corinthians 5:9, 1 Corinthians 15:58, 1 Thessalonians 4:11, 2 Peter 1:10-11, Hebrews 12:28, and James 2:14-26.)



12. What works has Jesus Christ given you to do? Are you faithfully doing them?


Instruction About Jesus’ Death - Read Matthew 20:17-28
13. As Jesus and His disciples were going up to Jerusalem, He takes them onto the roadside to explain what is about to happen. What four points does He make clear to His disciples (vv. 17-19)?




Instruction About Ambition - Read Matthew 20:20-28
14. What does the mother of Zebedee’s sons request of Jesus (v. 20-21)?




15. What is Jesus’ response to her (v. 22)? What do you think Jesus means by the question He asks James and John (v. 22)?




16. Jesus foretells James' and John’s deaths. What does He explain to them about the seating arrangements in the Kingdom (v. 23)?




17. Jesus illustrates the answer to Peter’s inquiry about the apostles’ reward (Matthew 19:27-30) with the Parable of the Laborers (Matthew 20:1-16), and now answers directly with what it takes to be great in the kingdom of heaven. What does He say it takes(vv. 26-27)?


18. How does Jesus' life demonstrate what it takes to be great in the kingdom of heaven (v. 28)?






19. How can we follow Jesus’ example given in Matthew 20:28? (See also Matthew 16:24–27, John 13:15, Ephesians 5:1-2, Philippians 2:5, 1 Peter 2:21, and 1 Peter 4:1.)




The Blind Men Recognize the King - Read Matthew 20:29-34
20. By what title do the two blind men cry out to Jesus (v. 30)? What does this title refer to?




21. In those days, blindness often happened as a result of eye infections at birth, and was impossible to cure once complete blindness set in. These two blind men find themselves in an impossible situation. What do they do when they hear that Jesus is passing by (vv. 30-31)? How is this something we too ought to do in our difficult situations? (See Psalm 18:6, 34:17, and 57:2.)








22. In Matthew 20:34, Jesus demonstrates one of his character qualities. What is it? What does He do to the blind men? What does He do for the blind men? What do the blind men do to Jesus?






23. When faced with situations in which we're unable to see a solution, we, too, ought to cry out to our compassionate Lord for a touch and for vision. Once He grants us sight by showing us what to do, what should we do?



DETAILED NOTES

  1. Parable of the laborers
    1. Parables
      1. One third of Jesus teachings are in story form
      2. Common way for rabbis to teach a lesson: storytelling
        1. 2000 years ago a longer attention span
        2. Like ancient television
      3. Παραβολή; parabole-place something alongside something else
        1. Earthly story with a heavenly lesson
        2. Natural thing next to a supernatural thing
        3. Comparison
      4. Matthew 13: Kingdom parables
    2. This parable illustrates a principle from Matthew 19
      1. Chapter and verse notations added later; don't always make sense
      2. "But many who are first will be last, and the last first" (Matthew 19:30)
      3. Context
        1. Rich young ruler wanted to know what to do to enter the kingdom
        2. Walked away sorrowfully; not willing to leave his god: wealth
        3. Peter:  left everything, what do we get?
        4. 12 thrones to judge 12 tribes in the Millennium
      4. Every Christ follower ends up in heaven
        1. A free gift
        2. Nothing we can do to earn it
        3. Based on Christ's merit
      5. Saved to do good works
        1. We receive rewards according to our works (see 1 Corinthians 3)
        2. Gifts according to our faithfulness
      6. "For" attaches the parable to the principle
    3. Setting
      1. Harvest time
      2. 12-hour work day: 6 am - 6 pm
      3. Laborers mulled around workplace, looking for a job
    4. Landowner came to hire them
      1. 6 am negotiates wage in advance
        1. A penny; denarius;
        2. Typical day's wage
        3. Today, $5-$15 hour
        4. Say $100
      2. 9 am: so eager to work, don't negotiate a price
      3. Noon, 3 pm hired more workers
      4. 5 pm one hour to work
    5. Payments
      1. Begins with those hired last
      2. Tests the hearts of those hired first
        1. What is their reaction to grace?
        2. All received $100
        3. "Friend"—landowner is gentle to them
      3. God's generosity represented by man: unlike any other
      4. Workers
        1. Contract: all day for a fixed price
        2. Hourly: Gave the same wage; big tipper
      5. Nature of their compliant: generosity of the landowner
        1. Given what we deserve: death
        2. Ask God for what He thinks is right
          1. He knows what is right
          2. He promises to provide for us
          3. "Two things I request of You (deprive me not before I die): Remove falsehood and lies far from me; give me neither poverty nor riches--feed me with the food allotted to me; lest I be full and deny You, and say, 'Who is the Lord?' Or lest I be poor and steal, and profane the name of my God." (Proverbs 30:7-9)
    6. "So the last will be first, and the first last. For many are called, but few chosen." (v. 16)
      1. God is good, gracious
      2. God is good all the time. All the time, God is good!"
    7. God will reward us
      1. "For we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ, that each one may receive the things done in the body, according to what he has done, whether good or bad." (2 Corinthians 5:10)
        1. Βήματος; bématos: an elevated place
        2. βῆμα; bema; raised platform
          1. Every Greek town had a bema seat
            1. Orations made
            2. Decisions handed down
          2. See Acts 18:12
          3. Greek Olympics
            1. Where rewards given
            2. Crown of laurels
        3. All stand to receive rewards based on what we do
        4. "Do you not know that those who run in a race all run, but one receives the prize? Run in such a way that you may obtain it." (1 Corinthians 9:24)
      2. Believers do not stand in the Great White Throne Judgment (Revelation 20)
        1. Unbelievers only
        2. "There is therefore now no condemnation to those who are in Christ Jesus, who do not walk according to the flesh, but according to the Spirit" (Romans 8:1)
        3. "Most assuredly, I say to you, he who hears My word and believes in Him who sent Me has everlasting life, and shall not come into judgment, but has passed from death into life." (John 5:24)
      3. Saved by grace through faith
      4. Rewards given and held back based on service
        1. "For we are His workmanship, created in Christ Jesus for good works, which God prepared beforehand that we should walk in them." (Ephesians 2:10)
        2. Will receive a set of rewards
        3. "And behold, I am coming quickly, and My reward is with Me, to give to every one according to his work." (Revelation 22:12)
        4. Position in the Millennial Kingdom depends on faithfulness here
        5. Heaven is paramount, but it is not all
        6. Use time to add to your account in glory
        7. Treasures in heaven (Message: "Gold, Silver, or Bronze?")
        8. Gracious surprises
        9. "Take heed that you do not do your charitable deeds before men, to be seen by them. Otherwise you have no reward from your Father in heaven." (Matthew 6:1)
  2. Going up to Jerusalem
    1. Up
      1. Topographically, not geographically
        1. NE to SW
        2. Dead Sea 1290 feet below sea level
        3. Jesus in Perea, slightly higher than Dead Sea
        4. Jerusalem 2300-2500 feet above sea level
        5. Sharp incline
      2. Spiritually
        1. God's holy place
        2. Moving up in the world
        3. עלייה; Aliyah: ascending, moving up in the world
    2. Going to Jerusalem to die
      1. Third time Jesus tells them of His death
      2. He spells it out for them
        1. They didn't want to deal with it
        2. Marginalize it
        3. Didn't understand
      3. First mention of death by crucifixion
      4. Planned event
        1. Jesus not a naïve visionary
        2. Jesus not a revolutionary staging a coup
        3. Not a surprise
        4. "Lamb slain from the foundation of the world" (Revelation 13:8)
        5. Simeon's prophecy to Mary: "A sword will pierce through your own soul also" (Luke 2:35)
  3. James' and John's ambition
    1. Asked to sit on the right and left of Jesus in the kingdom
      1. Two gospels tall us they sought this
      2. Luke tells us they got their mother to ask the question
    2. "Drink the cup"
      1. Experience fully
      2. Speaking of His death
      3. James and John agree: zeal without knowledge
      4. They will
        1. James the first apostle martyred
        2. John exiled to Patmos
        3. Both suffered, drank fully, for Christ
    3. Salome; their mother
      1. Stands at the foot of the cross
      2. Sees Jesus in the midst of two other crosses, not thrones
    4. You can't wear the crown until you bear the cross
      1. Satan wants it all:"I will ascend into heaven, I will exalt my throne above the stars of God" (Isaiah 14:13)
      2. Wanted a higher position
      3. Things haven't changed much: people seek status
  4. Blind men healed
    1. Two blind men
      1. Looks like a discrepancy
        1. Mark and Luke mention one blind man
        2. Bartimaeus (see Mark 10:46)
      2. Not a discrepancy; a perspective change
        1. Two blind men
        2. The prominent one: Bartimaeus
        3. Matthew
          1. Wrote from Jewish perspective
          2. Testimony of two witnesses
    2. Blind
      1. Couldn't work
      2. Relied on families
      3. Reduced to begging
      4. Jericho
        1. Plant grew with balsam to treat blindness
        2. Drew lots of blind people
    3. Saw better than most
      1. Spiritual sight
        1. Knew Jesus was the Son of David: Messianic Title
        2. Saw more than others
      2. How did they know who Jesus was?
        1. Reports at the gate of the city: His reputation
        2. Jews in the synagogue
        3. "The Spirit of the Lord is upon Me, because He has anointed Me to preach the gospel to the poor; He has sent Me to heal the brokenhearted, to proclaim liberty to the captives and recovery of sight to the blind," (Luke 4:18)
    4. "What do you want?"
      1. Jesus knows the need
      2. Wants the man to articulate what he needs
      3. Specific requests bring specific answers that lead to specific praise
    5. Received sight and followed Him
      1. To Jerusalem
      2. Crowds
      3. Hosanna!
      4. Cleansing of the temple
      5. Crucifixion
      6. Resurrection
      7. First thing they saw: Jesus
        1. Fanny Crosby wrote 8000 songs
        2. Blinded at a young age
        3. "If I had but one request, it would be that I would have been born blind. Because then the first face that would ever gladden my sight would be that of my Savior."–Fanny Crosby
      8. Before they saw physically, they saw spiritually
    6. To have all the assets of this world, but to be spiritually blind is the worst
      1. "Because you say, 'I am rich, have become wealthy, and have need of nothing'--and do not know that you are wretched, miserable, poor, blind, and naked" (Revelation 3:17)
      2. Are your spiritual eyes open?

Hebrew terms: עלייה; Aliyah: ascending, moving up in the world
Greek terms: Παραβολή; parabole-place something alongside something else; Βήματος; bématos: an elevated place; βῆμα; bema; raised platform
Publications referenced: From the Edge of Eternity: "Gold, Silver, or Bronze?"
Figures referenced: Fanny Crosby
Cross references: Proverbs 30:7-9; Isaiah 14:13; Matthew 6:1; Matthew 19:30; Mark 10:46; Luke 2:35; Luke 4:18; John 5:24; Acts 18:12; Romans 8:1; 1 Corinthians 3; 1 Corinthians 9:24; 2 Corinthians 5:10; Ephesians 2:10; Revelation 3:17; Revelation 13:8; Revelation 20; Revelation 22:12

Topic: Christian Living

Keywords: rewards, judgment, judgment seat, bema seat, blind, works

 


 

SERIES: 40 Matthew - 2011
MESSAGE: Matthew 21:1-32
SPEAKER: Skip Heitzig
SCRIPTURE: Matthew 21:1-32
URL: http://SkipHeitzig.com/2219

MESSAGE SUMMARY
In this intriguing passage, Jesus enters Jerusalem in a precise fulfillment of prophecy. It's an exciting study, where those who know they need forgiveness find refreshment and hope—and those who rely on their own righteousness receive a stern rebuke.

STUDY GUIDE
Matthew 21
Jesus said to them, “Have you never read in the Scriptures: ‘The stone which the builders rejected has become the chief cornerstone. This was the Lord’s doing, and it is marvelous in our eyes’? (Matthew 21:42).
PREVIEW: In Matthew 21, Jesus makes His triumphal entry into Jerusalem, cleanses the temple, and curses a fig tree. He also shows the chief priests and Pharisees, who have rejected Him, that He is giving His vineyard over to vinedressers who will render to Him the fruits in their seasons.
Matthew 21 Outline:
The Triumphal Entry - Read Matthew 21:1-11
The Cleansing of the Temple - Read Matthew 21:12-17
Cursing of the Fig Tree - Read Matthew 21:18-22
Question of Jesus’ Authority - Read Matthew 21:23-27
Parable of the Two Sons - Read Matthew 21:28-32
Parable of the Landowner - Read Matthew 21:33-46


The Triumphal Entry - Read Matthew 21:1-11
1. Jesus, the Passover Lamb, heads into Jerusalem where He orchestrates a public demonstration by presenting Himself as King of Israel. Why does Jesus have His disciples obtain a donkey and her colt (vv. 2-4)? (See also Isaiah 62:11 and Zechariah 9:9.)




2. When a conquering king made an entrance, it was usually on a horse. Jesus enters on a colt—a symbol of peace. What do the people do as Jesus enters Jerusalem on the colt (v. 8)?




3. “Hosanna” is from the Hebrew hôšî‘âh nā’, “Save (us), we pray,” taken from Psalm 118:25. It came to be a note of praise as well as petition. What do the multitudes say as Jesus rides into Jerusalem (v. 9)? (See also Psalm 118:25-26.)






The Cleansing of the Temple - Read Matthew 21:12-17
4. After riding into Jerusalem as the King of Israel, what is Jesus' first order of business (v. 12)?




5. Why does Jesus cleanse the temple of God (v. 13)? (See also Isaiah 56:7 and Jeremiah 7:11.)










6. In the church, what is the “temple of God”? (See 1 Corinthians 3:16 and 1 Peter 2:5.) How does the King cleanse those temples today? (See Acts 15:9, 2 Corinthians 7:1, Hebrews 12:14, 1 Peter 1:22, 2 Peter 1:4, 2 Peter 3:14, and 1 John 3:3.)






7. After cleansing the temple of God, what is Jesus' second order of business (v. 14)? (See also Isaiah 35:5-6.)




8. How did the chief priests and scribes respond when they, “saw the wonderful things that He did,” (v. 15)? (See also John 1:11.)




9. What is Jesus’ response to those who are indignant because of the wonderful things He does and don’t receive Him (v. 17)? (See also Matthew 8:34, 16:4)




Cursing of the Fig Tree - Read Matthew 21:18-22
10. What do trees in the Bible often represent? (See Psalm 1:1-3; 92:12, Jeremiah 17:8, Matthew 3:10, and Jude 12.)


11. Jesus uses the cursing of the fig tree as a lesson in faith for His disciples. What does Jesus say will be possible if they have faith and do not doubt (vv. 21-22)? (See also James 1:6.)




12. What is a person like if they have faith, but doubt? (See James 1:6-8.)




13. When it comes to praying with faith and not doubting, what does the mountain symbolize (v. 21)? (See also Matthew 17:20.)




Question of Jesus’ Authority - Read Matthew 21:23-27
14. Jesus returns to the temple He cleansed and His authority is called into question by the chief priests and elders (v.23). How does Jesus answer their challenge to His authority (v. 24)?




15. How do the chief priests and elders answer Jesus’ question (vv. 25-26)?






Parable of the Two Sons - Read Matthew 21:28-32
16. Jesus gives a parable to the chief priests and elders to illustrate that they were not obeying the will of the Father by not relenting and believe the message of John. How do the two sons answer the father’s request to “go, work today in my vineyard,” (vv. 29-30)?




17. What are the actions of the two sons (vv.29-30)?




18. Jesus gives the meaning of the parable: It is a rebuke to the chief priests and elders for not believing John the Baptists’ message of repentance. What do the chief priests and elders see but not do in response to what they see (v. 32)?






Parable of the Landowner - Read Matthew 21:33-46
19. In this parable, who do the landowner, vinedressers, servants, and the son of the landowner represent?




20. What do the vinedressers do to the landowner’s servants and son when they are sent to collect fruit from the vineyard (v. 34-39)?


21. After Jesus tells the parable of the landowner, He asks the chief priests and Pharisees what they think the owner of the vineyard will do to the vinedressers (v. 40). What do they admit should be done to the vinedressers (v. 41)?






22. Jesus uses a passage from Psalm 118 (the very Psalm which the multitudes were crying out when Jesus made His triumphal entry [v. 9] and the children were crying out in the temple [v. 15]) to make the chief priests and Pharisees realize that they had rejected Him and He was speaking of them. Whom does Jesus say the kingdom of God will be given to (v. 43)? (See also Matthew 8:12 and Acts 13:46.)






23. The landowner gave his vineyard over to a nation that would render to him the fruit in their seasons. Who is that nation and what fruitfulness is required of them? (See 1 Peter 2:9-10, John 15:8, Matthew 5:16, 7:20, Hebrews 13:15, and Galatians 5:22.)



DETAILED NOTES

  1. Introduction
    1. Early disciples learned not to question Jesus
      1. Feeding the multitudes with five loaves and two fish (see John 6:5-14)
      2. "Launch out into the deep and let down your nets for a catch" (Luke 5:4; see also Luke 5:1-10)
      3. Coin in the mouth of the fish to pay taxes (see Matthew 7:24-27)
      4. Just do it!
    2. Setting
      1. Triumphal entry into Jerusalem
      2. Final week of Jesus' life
      3. 2/5 of Matthew's gospel dedicated to the final week of Jesus life and the cross
      4. Jesus came from Galilee, crossed the Jordan river to Perea (modern-day Jordan)
      5. Engaged in ministry there several months
      6. Goes up to Jerusalem through Jericho, up the Mount of Olives
      7. Through Bethany (where Lazarus, Mary, and Martha lived) and Bethpage (house of figs) outside the old city walls
  2. Triumphal Entry
    1. Mentioned in all four gospels
      1. Noteworthy
      2. God wants us to apprehend it
      3. Said two times for emphasis; e.g., "Verily, verily"
      4. Said three times; e.g., "Holy, holy, holy" (Isaiah 6:3)
      5. Said four times, He really wants us to understand it
    2. Setting
      1. Passover
        1. Up to five times the population in Jerusalem (according to Josephus)
        2. One year, 256,000 lambs slaughtered (according to Josephus)
          1. 10 people per lamb
          2. Population 2.5 million people
        3. Crowded
        4. Sometimes Jesus stayed in Jerusalem with Lazarus, Martha, and Mary
        5. Sometimes Jesus stayed in the open
          1. Garden of Gethsemane
          2. Often went to pray
        6. Every Jew's dream to celebrate in Jerusalem
          1. At the end of the Seder: "Next year, in Jerusalem!"
          2. לשנה הבאה בירושלים; Leshana haba'ah b'Yerushalayim
      2. Palm Sunday
        1. 10th of Nisan
          1. Select a lamb
          2. Prepare it for sacrifice
        2. Hosanna
          1. Crowds shouted
          2. Deliver! Save now! Do for us what religion cannot do! You are Messiah! Blessed is He who comes in the name of the Lord
          3. A few days later they will shout, "Crucify Him!"
            1. Jesus didn't give them what they wanted
            2. Physical deliverance from Rome
            3. Not a crucified Savior, dying for their sins
      3. Donkey
        1. Fulfill prophecy: "Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion! Shout, O daughter of Jerusalem! Behold, your King is coming to you; He is just and having salvation, Lowly and riding on a donkey, A colt, the foal of a donkey." (Zechariah 9:9)
        2. Kings, when fighting or battle won, came on a white horse
        3. Kings, when peace or offering peace, ride a donkey like common people
        4. Jesus' first coming in peace on a donkey
        5. Jesus' second coming make war and judge, stop rebellion on a white horse
  3. Day of Visitation
    1. Jesus wept over Jerusalem
      1. See Luke 19:41-44
      2. "Your day" (v. 41) "Time of your visitation" (v.44)
      3. "Level you, and your children within you, to the ground; and they will not leave in you one stone upon another, because you did not know the time of your visitation." (NKJV)
      4. "And shall lay thee even with the ground, and thy children within thee; and they shall not leave in thee one stone upon another; because thou knewest not the time of thy visitation." (KJV)
    2. Daniel 9
      1. Most important prophecy in the Bible
      2. Timetable
      3. "Seventy weeks are determined upon thy people and upon thy holy city, to finish the transgression, and to make an end of sins, and to make reconciliation for iniquity, and to bring in everlasting righteousness, and to seal up the vision and prophecy, and to anoint the most Holy. Know therefore and understand , that from the going forth of the commandment to restore and to build Jerusalem unto the Messiah the Prince shall be seven weeks, and threescore and two weeks: the street shall be built again , and the wall, even in troublous times. And after threescore and two weeks shall Messiah be cut off , but not for himself: and the people of the prince that shall come shall destroy the city and the sanctuary; and the end thereof shall be with a flood, and unto the end of the war desolations are determined . And he shall confirm the covenant with many for one week: and in the midst of the week he shall cause the sacrifice and the oblation to cease, and for the overspreading of abominations he shall make it desolate, even until the consummation, and that determined shall be poured upon the desolate." (Daniel 9:24-27)
        1. Prediction made from the date the command to rebuild would be given
        2. 483 years: 69 weeks
        3. Hebrew: שבעים שביעיות; Shebuim Shevim - seventy sevens
        4. מָשִׁ֣יחַ נָגִ֔יד; Mashiach Nagid - Messiah the Price
        5. Messiah cut off; killed
        6. The Coming Prince, by Sir Robert Anderson
          1. Head of criminal investigations at Scotland Yard
          2. Artaxerxes Longimanus command to build city: March 14, 445 BC
          3. 483 years forward based on Babylonian calendar of 360 days (not Julian 365-day calendar)
          4. 173,8880 days
          5. April 6, 32 AD, the 10th of Nissan
          6. Jesus fulfilled Zechariah 9:9
        7. They were accountable to know
  4. Jesus drove out the money changers
    1. Bookends of His ministry
      1. John records he drove them out at the beginning of His ministry
      2. Matthew, Mark, and Luke record this at the end of ministry
      3. Jesus came as Lord of the Covenant
    2. Not an anger issue
      1. "Be angry, and do not sin" (Ephesians 4:26)
      2. Exercising His rightful authority as Messiah
      3. "He is like a refiner's fire and like launderer's soap." (Malachi 3:2)
    3. Setting
      1. People came from far away, sometimes without an animal to sacrifice
      2. They may not have the right currency
      3. Animals were sold for an exorbitant price
      4. Only the temple coin or Galilean shekel were accepted
        1. Interest equal to two hours work for the common laborer was charged
        2. Every ½ shekel cost that rate of interest
      5. Extorting people's desire to worship God
      6. Rabbinical school taught to recognize clean or unclean animals
        1. 18 months on a farm
        2. Called clean animals unclean
        3. Forced to buy a sacrifice at the temple
    4. Jesus not meek and mild with them
      1. "Gentle Jesus, meek and mild, look upon a little child"—John Wesley
      2. He was meek and lowly in heart to some
      3. Not to hypocrites
      4. When the holiness of God was at stake, He was gentle no longer
      5. "Fall on us and hide us from the face of Him who sits on the throne and from the wrath of the Lamb! For the great day of His wrath has come, and who is able to stand?" (Revelation 6:17)
      6. "It is written, 'My house shall be called a house of prayer,' but you have made it a 'den of thieves.' " Quoting Jeremiah 7
        1. Temple Sermon of Jeremiah
        2. Don't trust in lying vanities
        3. Religious people hiding behind rituals and place of worship
        4. Application
          1. Do you follow Jesus?
          2. Are you born again
          3. Ritual can hide a wicked heart
          4. Religious observance can make you feel good about yourself
        5. Quit bringing sacrifices; sick of it! (See Isaiah 1:11-15)
        6. God desires authentic worship
      7. Children called out, "Hosanna!"
        1. Children learned from their parents
          1. Children and grandchildren are watching our attitude toward the Lord
          2. Repeating what their parents said the day before
          3. Be careful how you live and what you say
        2. Psalm 118
        3. Hey religious leaders, read Psalm 8:2: "Out of the mouth of babes and nursing infants You have ordained strength"
  5. Fig Tree Cursed: Object Lesson
    1. Fig s produce fruit twice
      1. No early fruit (Harbinger, indicator)
      2. Not the season for figs; see Mark 11 but indication no regular figs later
    2. Fig tree symbolic of Israel
      1. Represented the temple and the leaders
      2. Found nothing but leaves: an outward profession
      3. Hosea and Joel use fig tree of Israel
      4. Vineyard and fig tree pictured together
    3. Prediction of Jerusalem's destruction in 70 AD
    4. Early church all Jewish
      1. Lord's heart: gospel to the world (see Mark 16:15)
      2. Paul went to the Jew first also to the Gentiles (Greek) (see Romans 1:16)
      3. Gentiles received the gospel more readily than the Jewish people
    5. Israel hardened until the full number of Gentiles are gathered (temporary)
    6. In Revelation, after the Rapture of the church, during the Tribulation 144,000 evangelists  resulting in enumerable conversions
    7. Not: "You too can curse fig trees or move mountains"
      1. Rabbinic phrase: "Remover of mountains"
        1. Referred to particularly gifted teachers
        2. Able to unravel difficult passages
        3. "Rooter up of mountains"
      2. Context
        1. How to not be under God's curse
        2. A life of faith
        3. Removing obstacles to a life of faith
      3. Zerubbabel building the temple
        1. Zechariah 4
        2. Nothing gets in the way of God doing what He wants to do
      4. Applied to prayer
        1. God answers al prayer according to His will
        2. Not name and claim
        3. No is an answer
  6. Chief priests question Jesus' authority
    1. These things
      1. Teaching
      2. Cleansing the Temple
      3. Triumphal entry
    2. Trying to trap Jesus
      1. If He answers plainly, honestly, they will use it against Him
      2. Jesus' answer is not evasive, it's wise: "Wise as serpents and harmless as doves" (Matthew 10:16)
    3. Jesus brings up John the Baptist
      1. Notable, radical, uncompromising
      2. Mikvah: holes dug out to immerse in water for ritual purification
      3. John's baptism different
        1. Not just, "Get wet!"
        2. Change your life and repent
        3. People regarded him a prophet
      4. He exposed their dishonesty
      5. Two sons
        1. Tax collectors and harlots repented  (first son)
        2. Religious leaders (second son)
          1. Not willing to do the will of the father
          2. Not willing to repent
        3. Sinners will enter heaven; self-righteous religionists won't get in
          1. Son of Sam David Berkowitz
            1. Notorious serial killer
            2. Repented
            3. Prison ministry
            4. Like telling religious people he will be in heaven and they won't
          2. Repentance of heart required
          3. Come poor in spirit, confess, ask forgiveness, go to heaven
          4. Trust in self, not go to heaven
          5. "Not everyone who says to Me, 'Lord, Lord,' shall enter the kingdom of heaven, but he who does the will of My Father in heaven." (Matthew 7:21)
            1. Not saved by what we do
            2. Saved by what He does, then change
            3. He changes us from the inside out
        4. Rebuke of self promoting, self righteous, who rely on rituals for salvation
        5. Refreshing for those who know they need forgiveness

Hebrew terms: לשנה הבאה בירושלים; Leshana haba'ah b'Yerushalayim; שבעים שביעיות; Shebuim Shevim - seventy sevens; מָשִׁ֣יחַ נָגִ֔יד; Mashiach Nagid - Messiah the Price
Publications referenced: The Coming Prince, by Sir Robert Anderson
Figures referenced: Josephus; Artaxerxes Longimanus; John Wesley
Cross references: Psalm 8:2; Psalm 118; Isaiah 1:11-15; Isaiah 6:3; Jeremiah 7; Daniel 9:24-27; Zechariah 4; Zechariah 9:9; Malachi 3:2; Matthew 7:21; Matthew 7:24-27; Matthew 10:16; Mark 11:14; Mark 16:15; Luke 5:1-10; Luke 19:41-44; John 6:5-14; Romans 1:16; Ephesians 4:26; Revelation 6:17

 


 

SERIES: 40 Matthew - 2011
MESSAGE: Matthew 21:33-22:22
SPEAKER: Skip Heitzig
SCRIPTURE: Matthew 21:33-22:22
URL: http://SkipHeitzig.com/2225

MESSAGE SUMMARY
Jesus taught with complete authority, denouncing the misconceptions of the religious leaders of the day. With skill and precision, Jesus uses parables and their own words to silence their challenges and expose their motives. Let's consider His words, heed His warnings, and remember that He alone is righteous and worthy of praise.

STUDY GUIDE
Matthew 22
“Render therefore to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s, and to God the things that are God’s.” Matthew 22:21 (NKJV)
PREVIEW: In Matthew 22, Jesus silences the Pharisees, Herodians, and Sadduccees as they try to entangle Him in His words.

Matthew 22 Outline:
Parable of the Marriage Feast - Read Matthew 22:1-14
Conflict with Pharisees and Herodians - Read Matthew 22:15-22
Conflict with Sadducees - Read Matthew 22:23-33
The Greatest Commandment - Read Matthew 22:24-10
The Son of David - Read Matthew 22:41-46

Parable of the Marriage Feast - Read Matthew 22:1-14

1. Having been rejected by the Jews, Jesus continues telling parables to the religious leaders to make it clear to them that they have rejected God’s Messiah (see Matthew 21:45) and God is going to invite the Gentiles into salvation. Who arranges this wedding? Whose wedding is it? Who is invited? Who does the inviting? Who do these represent?




2. What did the invited guests do to the king’s servants (vv. 3, 5-6)? (See also Matthew 5:12, 23:34-35, and Acts 7:52.)




3. What did the king do to those who rejected His invitation (v. 7)? (See also Daniel 9:26.)




4. To whom does the king then send his servants to invite (v. 9)? (See also Matthew 28:19, Luke 24:47, Acts 13:47, Romans 11:11, and Ephesians 3:8.)




5. Who do the servants find and invite to the wedding (v. 10)? What words describe those found? Who do they represent? (See also 1 Corinthians 6:11.)




6. What did the king see when he entered the wedding hall (v. 11)? What does he say to him (v. 11)? Who does this person represent? (See Isaiah 61:10, Matthew 7:21-23, Romans 3:21-22, 2 Corinthians 5:3, and Revelation 3:4-5, 18.)




7. What does the king do to the person who isn’t clothed in a wedding garment (v. 12-13)?




8. What is meant by “For many are called, but few are chosen” (v. 14)? (See also Matthew 7:13-14, 28:19, and Luke 13:23-24.)




Conflict with Pharisees and Herodians - Read Matthew 22:15-22

9. What was the Pharisees' intention in sending their disciples with the Herodians to ask Jesus about paying taxes (v. 15)? Who were the Herodians?




10. How were the Pharisees hoping their question (v.17) would entangle Jesus in His talk?




11. Why did the Pharisees and Herodians marvel at Jesus’ answer (v. 22)?




12. How can we practice Jesus’ exhortation to “render to God the things that are God’s”? (See 1 Corinthians 3:23, 6:19-20, 12:27, Matthew 11:29, Acts 9:6, Hebrews 12:9, and James 4:7-10.)




Conflict with Sadducees - Read Matthew 22:23-33

13. The Sadducees, who say there is no resurrection, present Jesus with a preposterous scenario of seven brothers marrying the same woman. They ask whose wife she would be in the resurrection, since they all had her as a wife in this life. Jesus said they were mistaken. Why were they mistaken according to Jesus (v. 29)?


14. What two things did the Sadducees lack an understanding of (vv. 29-30)?



15. What did Jesus say concerning the resurrection of the dead that caused the multitudes to be astonished (v. 33)?



The Greatest Commandment - Read Matthew 22:24-10

16. The Pharisees had 613 commandments in the Old Testament and were hoping to stir up a controversy, so they gathered together to test Jesus again. This time they send a lawyer (an expert in the law) who asks Him, “Teacher, which is the great commandment in the law?” What is Jesus’ response (v. 37)? (See also Deuteronomy 6:4-5, 10:12, and 30:6.)



17. Instead of just giving the first and great commandment as an answer to the Pharisees’ test, Jesus adds the second most important commandment. What is it and why did He add this to His answer? (See Leviticus 19:18 and 1 John 4:20)


The Son of David - Read Matthew 22:41-46

18. Jesus now turns the table and presents a test question to the Pharisees. What is the question He asks them (v. 42)? Is it a difficult question for them to answer?



19. Jesus asks the Pharisees a follow up question that stumps them. (v. 44). Why couldn’t they answer this question?




20. What was the end result of Jesus’ test question to the Pharisees (v. 46)?

DETAILED NOTES

  1. Introduction
    1. Poor preaching makes you sleepy
    2. When Jesus spoke, He had God's authority
    3. He spoke in principles and parables
      1. Popular in that time, favorite of the rabbis
      2. It was a speaking and listening culture
      3. Today we are a visual culture
    4. When someone started a story, people would press in
      1. Tell the story
      2. Ask a question
    5. Greek word: παραβολή; parabole - with or alongside of/to cast
  2. Two vineyard parables
    1. Son said no, then later went; another son yes, but never went
    2. Landowner planted vineyard, leased it, sent his son
      1. Common picture story—the crowd was tracking with Jesus
      2. What will be done to the vinedressers?
      3. This was common story, the house of Israel is God's vineyard
        1. They are probably already thinking  of Isaiah 5:1-7
        2. Rocks symbolic of the Canaanites
        3. Play on words—good grapes versus wild grapes
        4. Vinedressers: rulers of Israel
        5. Servants: prophets
        6. Son: Jesus Christ
        7. Hedge: Law of Moses
        8. God wants fruit
        9. Kill everyone God sends (see Luke 13:34)
      4. Their answer: destroy wicked men/give vineyard to others
        1. Israel as a nation would be set aside
        2. Good news given to Gentiles—church born
        3. Fruit would come
    3. Cornerstone (see Psalms 118)
      1. Rejected son in the parable
      2. Nation rejected the chief cornerstone
      3. Buildings were built out of stone
      4. Cornerstone was the most important/perfect
      5. Placement was key
      6. Peter told who the cornerstone was (see Acts 4:5-12)
      7. Israel hardened/blinded
      8. Jesus was rejected by the nation, so God rejected the nation (see Hebrews 11:25)
        1. Not permanent (see Romans 11)
        2. 144,000 Jews receive Jesus during tribulation
      9. Whoever falls on this stone
        1. Stone is on the ground (Jesus' first coming)
        2. People run into
        3. They are broken
      10. Stone will fall and grind to powder (Jesus' second coming)
        1. His enemies & enemies of Israel
        2. Story, King of Babylon (Nebuchadnezzar) has a dream (see Daniel 2)
          1. Daniel interprets the dream
          2. A stone comes from heaven, kills all the kingdoms of the earth, sets up a new kingdom
          3. A common/familiar picture for them
        3. Fall on the stone and be broken or the rock will grind you to powder
        4. Leaders believe that He is talking about them
  3. Parable of the wedding feast—king arranges marriage for his son
    1. Seven-day feast
    2. Two-fold invitation
      1. In advance—servants personally invite people
      2. Then the call, "Dinner is served"
    3. God's pattern, "To the Jew first, and also to the Gentile" (Romans 1:16)
    4. Resist the Holy Spirit, Just like their father's Steven said (see Acts 7:51-58)
    5. Burned up their city
      1. Josephus wrote about what happened
      2. Jesus foretold it
    6. Not dressed right
      1. King provided clothes
      2. One thought he didn't need the King's clothes
        1. Better to over-dress than under-dress
        2. Snub against the King
        3. This tells of someone who trusts in his own righteousness (see Isaiah 64:6, Romans 10:3, and Matthew 5:3)
    7. Many are called, not many believe
      1. Chosen/elect
      2. Call of God or freewill (see John 15:16)
      3. Prevenient grace
      4. God draws us (see John 6:44)
        1. Example: flew yesterday from California
        2. Light is a contradiction
      5. Plot to kill Jesus
        1. Herodians—Roman backed dynasty
        2. They butter Him up—sandwich approach
        3. Pay taxes to Caesar?
        4. Denarius
        5. Whose face?
  4. Conclusion
    1. God has the right to collect worship—render to God the things that are God's
    2. "the mind cannot retain what the seat cannot endure"

Hebrew terms: בְּאֻשִׁים; beushim, wild grapes
Greek terms: παραβολή; parabole, (a) a comparison, (b) a parable, often of those uttered by our Lord, (c) a proverb, an adage;
Figures referenced: Josephus
Cross references: Psalms 118, Isaiah 5:1-7, Daniel 2, Luke 13:34, Acts 4:5-12, Romans 1:16, 11, Hebrews 11:25

 


 

SERIES: 40 Matthew - 2011
MESSAGE: Matthew 22:23-23:39
SPEAKER: Skip Heitzig
SCRIPTURE: Matthew 22:23-23:39
URL: http://SkipHeitzig.com/2227

MESSAGE SUMMARY
In dealing with the Pharisees and Sadducees, Jesus speaks wisely, uncompromisingly, and with the authority of heaven—His Words shoot straight to the heart. Though many try to fit Jesus into their pre-conceived mold—to accept Him and His Words only as far as they are comfortable—we learn here danger of that the perilous position.

STUDY GUIDE
Matthew 23
Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! - Matthew 23:13ff (NKJV)
PREVIEW: In Matthew 23, Jesus reveals the true desire of the Pharisees—to be seen by man. Jesus pronounces eight woes on the Pharisees and laments over Jerusalem, announcing their destruction, but He leaves them with a hope.

Matthew 22 Outline:
Jesus Characterizes the Pharisees - Read Matthew 23:1-12
Jesus Condemns the Pharisees - Read Matthew 23:13-36
Jesus Laments Over Jerusalem - Read Matthew 23:37-39

Jesus Characterizes the Pharisees - Read Matthew 23:1-12

1. Jesus said that the scribes and Pharisees sit in Moses' seat, or have seated themselves in a position of authority over God's people, although they were not called by God into that position. What does Jesus tell the multitudes and His disciples to do and to not do (v. 3)?




2. Jesus said the scribes and Pharisees bind heavy burdens, hard to bear, and lay them on men's shoulders (v. 4). What were these burdens? Why were they hard to bear? (See Matthew 15:2-6 and Acts 15:5-10.)




3. What was the reason Jesus gives to explain the true motive behind the works of the Pharisees (v. 5)? What things did they do because of this motive (vv. 5-7)? (See also Matthew 6:1–6, 16–18.)





4. What three things does Jesus instruct the multitudes and disciples not to be called and why (vv. 8-10)? (See also John 14:26, John 1:12-13, Romans 8:14-17, 2 Corinthians 6:18, and 1 John 2:27.)





5. What exemplary actions does Jesus say the multitudes and disciples should do instead of doing what the scribes and Pharisees do (vv. 11-12)?





6. What practical steps can you take to do the exemplary actions Jesus said the multitudes and disciples should do?





Jesus Condemns the Pharisees - Read Matthew 23:13-36

7. Jesus pronounces eight woes upon the scribes and Pharisees. What does "woe" mean?




8. The eight woes are contrasts to the eight "blessed" statements given by Jesus in Matthew 5:3-10. What is the first woe pronounced upon the scribes and Pharisees? See contrasting verse Matthew 5:3. Why were the scribe and Pharisees deserving of this first woe (v. 13)? (See also Matthew 23:4 and Luke 11:52)




9. What is the second woe (v. 14)? See contrasting verse Matthew 5:4. How were the scribes and Pharisees deserving of this woe? (See also Matthew 6:5–6, 2 Timothy 3:6, and Titus 1:10-11.)





10. What is the third woe (v. 15)? See contrasting verse Matthew 5:5. How were the scribes and Pharisees deserving of this woe? (See also Galatians 3:1-3, 4:9-10, 17, and Romans 10:1-3.)






11. What is the fourth woe (vv. 16-22)? See contrasting verse Matthew 5:6. How were the scribes and Pharisees deserving of this woe? (See also Leviticus 19:12; Numbers 30:2, and Matthew 5:33-34.)




12. What is the fifth woe (vv. 23-24)? See contrasting verse Matthew 5:7. How were the scribes and Pharisees deserving of this woe? (See also 1 Samuel 15:22; Hosea 6:6; Micah 6:8, and Matthew 9:13, 12:7.)





13. What is the sixth woe (vv. 25-26)? See contrasting verse Matthew 5:8. How were the scribes and Pharisees deserving of this woe? (See also Matthew 15:19-20, Mark 7:4; Luke 11:39, 2 Corinthians 7:1, and James 4:8.)





14. What is the seventh woe (vv. 27-28)? See contrasting verse Matthew 5:9. How were the scribes and Pharisees deserving of this woe? (See also Matthew 12:14, Mark 3:6, and Acts 23:1-3.)





15. What is the eighth woe (vv. 29-35)? See contrasting verse Matthew 5:10. How were the scribes and Pharisees deserving of this woe? (See also 2 Chronicles 24:20-21, Acts 5:40, and 1 John 3:12.)



Jesus Laments Over Jerusalem - Read Matthew 23:37-39

16. Why does Jesus refer to Jerusalem as "the one who kills the prophets and stones those who are sent to her!" (v. 37)? (See also 2 Chronicles 24:20-21, 36:15-16, Nehemiah 9:26, and Matthew 21:35-36)





17. What was Jesus' desire for the nation of Israel, here represented by its capital, Jerusalem (v. 37)? (See also Psalm 17:8, 91:4, and Isaiah 49:5.)





18. God deeply desired to bring the nation to Himself, but they were not willing (v. 37, see also Isaiah 49:5). What two things resulted from their unwillingness to be gathered to Him (v. 38-39)?






19. Although Jesus has been rejected by the nation (see also John 1:11), He offered a future hope for them (v. 39). What is that hope and when will it happen? (See Luke 21:24 and Romans 11:25-26.)

DETAILED NOTES

  1. Introduction
    1. Religion
      1. About 90% of the 7 billion people on earth are very religious (includes combination of all religious/belief systems)
      2. Religion: a set of beliefs and practices involving devotional and ritual observances
    2. Dark side: abusive
      1. Every religious system in history or practice has done despicable things
      2. Church: Crusades
        1. 11th and 12th centuries
        2. Under papacy
        3. Thousands of warriors killed unbelievers: Jews and Muslims
        4. Practice contradicted the teaching of the Scriptures
      3. Islam: radical element
        1. Includes multi-millions of people
        2. Slaughter
        3. Mass suicide
        4. Killing of infidels
        5. Jihad
      4. Jehovah's Witnesses
        1. Prohibit blood transfusions
        2. Many have died as a result
    3. Jesus deals with people
      1. With prostitutes, overt sinners: compassionate, tenderness
      2. With religious people
        1. Direct approach with the authority of heaven
        2. Places them in category of bound for hell
    4. Religion differs from relationship with Jesus
      1. Religion is coming to God on own terms
      2. God has spelled out terms and revealed them to man
      3. God has taken care of sin, which separates us from Him
      4. God demands we come to Him through Christ, His Son in repentance and faith or be forever damned
      5. We only need to believe and trust in the finished work of Christ
      6. Jesus sacrificed
      7. Whoever believes in Him will be saved
    5. Divisions in religious systems: Conservatives and Liberals
      1. Christianity
        1. Fundamental, conservative
          1. Only one God
          2. Only one way to Him—Jesus Christ
          3. Some conservatives legalistic and abusive: turn people off
        2. Liberal
          1. Believe Bible is not the Word of God
          2. He/she god
      2. Judaism
        1. Conservative: Pharisees
          1. Radical ritualists
          2. Legalists
        2. Liberal: Sadducees
          1. Rationalists
          2. Didn't believe in: resurrection, angels, spirits, Old Testament (except the first 5 books) anti-supernatural, wealthy, aristocratic
          3. Controlled the temple for hundreds of years
  2. Jesus deals with the Sadducees
    1. Sadducees approach (vv. 23-29)
      1. Argue against the resurrection
      2. Appealing to the Law of Levirate Marriage
        1. In the Pentateuch
        2. To raise up seed for a dead brother by marrying the widow
        3. Preserve the name
        4. Preserve tribal allotments
        5. Ruth and Boaz: Kinsman redeemer
      3. Ridiculous story
    2. Jesus' reply (vv. 29-32)
      1. You are ignorant (KJV)
      2. Like the angels
        1. Deathless, eternal
        2. Some believe we turn into angels when we die: untrue
        3. No need to propagate, procreate
      3. Proves the resurrection
        1. Quotes from the books they believe in
        2. Present tense: "I am the God of your father—the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob." (Exodus 3:6)
        3. Not past tense, "I was"
        4. Present tense relationship with God
      4. Silenced the Sadducees
      5. People were astonished
  3. Pharisees and Sadducees join forces
    1. The greatest commandment
      1. Lawyer asked
      2. Jews  believed in 613 laws
        1. 248 positive; correspond to parts of human body
        2. 365 negative; correspond to days in a year
        3. Love God with all your being, every day
    2. Jesus' response
      1. שְׁמַע יִשְׂרָאֵל; Sh'ma Yisrael - Hear O Israel the Lord is our God, the Lord is One… You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your might
      2. Love the Lord is the heart of it all
      3. You shall love your neighbor as yourself (Leviticus 19:18)
      4. Old Testament summed up in two categories
        1. Love for God
        2. Love for neighbors
      5. The Ten Commandments
        1. First 4 deal with our vertical relationship to God
        2. Second 6 deal with our horizontal relationships with others
      6. Sermon on the Mount
        1. The Law governs what you do and what you feel and think
        2. Law addresses not only action, but attitude
          1. "You have heard that it was said to those of old, 'You shall not murder, and whoever murders will be in danger of the judgment.'  But I say to you that whoever is angry with his brother without a cause shall be in danger of the judgment." (Matthew 5:21-22)
          2. Paul acknowledged covetousness dealt with the heart (See Romans 7:7-11)
    3. Messianic term: Son of David
      1. Promise to David that his descendant would be upon the throne forever (see 2 Samuel 7:12-13)
      2. Solomon died
      3. Jews believed the Messiah would be human only, not divine
      4. David called Messiah "Lord"
        1. אֲדֹנָי; Adonai
        2. Wouldn't call a human descendant Lord
        3. See Psalm 110:1
        4. Messiah both divine and human
    4. Jesus' wisdom silenced them
  4. Jesus addresses the crowd
    1. Regarding Pharisees
      1. Sit in Moses' seat
        1. Teach Law of God with authority
        2. Rabbis sat; people stood
        3. Chair a place of authority
          1. Pope speaks ex cathedra; from the chair
          2. Professors hold a chair
      2. Listen to the Scripture
        1. They are high on talk; low on walk
        2. Creed is good; their practice is abominable
      3. Abusive religious system: legalism
        1. Few paragraphs in the Old Testament address the Sabbath
        2. Mishnah (written form of oral law) 24 chapters about Sabbath
        3. Talmud
          1. 156 pages regarding the Sabbath
          2. Define burden
            1. Food enough to equal weight of a dried fig
            2. Milk enough for a swallow
            3. Oil enough to anoint one member of the body
            4. Ink enough for two letters
            5. If exceeded, the Sabbath was broken
            6. Hens laid eggs, sell to Gentiles
        4. Heavy burdens, hard to bear
    2. Phylacteries
      1. Leather boxes
        1. Jewish men tied to forehead and left arm
        2. Inside passages
          1. Two from Exodus
          2. Two from Deuteronomy
      2. Over literalize writings of Exodus 13:7-9
        1. "Unleavened bread shall be eaten seven days. And no leavened bread shall be seen among you, nor shall leaven be seen among you in all your quarters. And you shall tell your son in that day, saying, 'This is done because of what the Lord did for me when I came up from Egypt.' It shall be as a sign to you on your hand and as a memorial between your eyes, that the Lord's law may be in your mouth; for with a strong hand the Lord has brought you out of Egypt."
        2. "In your mouth;" no parchment in mouth
      3. Meaning of text
        1. Handle it
        2. Think about it
        3. Speak about it
        4. Part of your being
      4. The Law should continually be before them: guide their activity
    3. Garments
      1. Tassels
      2. צִיצִת; tsitsith; tassel
      3. Blue thread spoke of heaven
      4. Longer tassels, more holy
      5. Jesus wore these (see Matthew 9:20)
    4. They focused on externals rather than the heart
      1. Best seats
      2. Certain titles feed egos and intimidate others
      3. Level ground at the cross
      4. All believers have an equal brotherhood
      5. Term "reverend" used for God alone
        1. Slave is a proper title
        2. Paul and Timothy referred to selves as slaves
        3. Serve God and others
  5. Woe to Scribes and Pharisees
    1. Divided vows
      1. Obligatory
      2. Non-obligatory
      3. Loved gold more than God
    2. Tithed of aromatic spices
      1. Tithe of produce didn't govern spices
      2. Meticulous; counted seeds one by one to give a tenth
      3. Jesus applauded their exactness, but they left out the most important parts: justice, mercy, faith
    3. Blind guides: strain gnats, swallow camels
      1. Gnat the smallest of unclean animals
      2. Camel largest of unclean animals
      3. Strain beverages through cloth
      4. Externals, nitpicking legalism
      5. Focus on incidentals and externals; not the meaning of the Law
    4. White washed tombs
      1. Painted white so that you would notice and avoid them
      2. Avoid ceremonial uncleanness
      3. Tombs appeared brilliant, clean, ornate
      4. Inside was death and decay
    5. Harsh words of Love
      1. Faithful are the wounds of a friend
      2. Popular, but incorrect, concept of Jesus: meek and mild
        1. Reformer
        2. Let's people do anything
      3. True love is righteous and holy
      4. Love can be firm and yet just
      5. Zechariah refers to 2 Chronicles 24 (last book of Hebrew Old Testament)
    6. Jesus rejected, now rejects them nationally
      1. Cursing of the fig tree
      2. Burning of Jerusalem (see Matthew 22:7)
  6. Jesus laments over Jerusalem
    1. Patience of God: sent prophets
    2. Pleading of God: as a hen gathers her chicks
    3. Power of choice: you were not willing
  7. Application
    1. "If God does not judge America, He owes Sodom and Gomorrah a deep apology." –Billy Graham
      1. One nation, Under God
        1. Constitution ensures freedom of worship, not freedom from worship
        2. Revisionists push God away
      2. It could be too late
        1. Not facing judgment
        2. Already under judgment
      3. Given over to what is asked for (See Romans 1)
        1. Killing millions of innocent babies
        2. Upholding any civil union
    2. Bible says a lot about many countries (e.g., China, Iran, Russia, Egypt, Germany, Turkey, Israel); but US is eerily absent from Bible prophecy
      1. Perhaps we don’t' exist to any degree of importance
      2. Perhaps such mercy that we are not part of end time judgment
    3. Every subset is encouraged to be vocal; Christians should come out and say, "I love Jesus!"

Hebrew terms: שְׁמַע יִשְׂרָאֵל; Sh'ma Yisrael - Hear O Israel; אֲדֹנָי; Adonai - Lord
Figures referenced: Billy Graham
Cross references: Exodus 3:6; Exodus 13:7-9; Leviticus 19:18; 2 Samuel 7:12-13; 2 Chronicles 24; Psalm 110:1; Matthew 5:21-22; Matthew 9:20; Matthew 22:7; Romans 1; Romans 7:7-11

Topic: Pharisees and Sadducees

Keywords: hypocrisy, Pharisee, Pharisees, Sadducees, Sadducee, judgment, hypocrite

 


 

SERIES: 40 Matthew - 2011
MESSAGE: Matthew 24:1-30
SPEAKER: Skip Heitzig
SCRIPTURE: Matthew 24:1-30
URL: http://SkipHeitzig.com/2229

MESSAGE SUMMARY
In this passage—the Olivet Discourse— Jesus provides a summary of end time events: the future of the world. We look forward to the Rapture and the Second Coming of Jesus, but those found outside of Christ face unparalleled suffering and judgment. Let's contemplate the wrath of God that's in store for this world—and share the hope of the gospel with those who don't yet know Him.

STUDY GUIDE
Matthew 24:1-26

For then there will be great tribulation, such as has not been since the beginning of the world until this time, no, nor ever shall be. Matthew 24:21 (NKJV)

PREVIEW: In Matthew 24:1-26, Jesus begins to answer the disciples’ questions about the signs of the end of the age and His coming as He describes the events of The Tribulation.

Matthew 24:1-26 Outline:
The Temple to Be Destroyed - Read Matthew 24:1-2
The Disciples’ Two Questions - Read Matthew 24:3
The Tribulation - Read Matthew 24:4-26
The Temple to Be Destroyed - Read Matthew 24:1-2

1. Jesus' disciples pointed out the buildings of the temple (v. 1). What about the temple were they showing Him? (See Mark 13:1-2 and Luke 21:5-6.)




2. What did Jesus say would become of the buildings of the temple (v. 2)? Why would this happen? (See 1 Kings 9:7, Micah 3:12, and Luke 19:44.)



The Disciples’ Two Questions - Read Matthew 24:3
3. Jesus left the temple area (v. 1) and went to the Mount of Olives. From there, He answered the disciples’ two questions; His answer is referred to as the Olivet Discourse. What were the two questions the disciples asked Him (v 3)?



4. Which disciples were privately asking Him these questions (See Mark 13:3)?



The Tribulation - Read Matthew 24:4-26
5. When Jesus answered the disciples’ questions, He began with a stern warning. What did He caution them about (v.4)?




6. What other warning did Jesus give His disciples (v. 5)?




7. Matthew didn’t record Jesus’ answer to the disciples’ first question, but Luke did. What did Jesus say would be seen that would cause them to know that the destruction of Jerusalem was at hand? (See Luke 21:20-24.)



8. What did Jesus say would be seen and heard during the Tribulation (vv. 6-8)? What should the response be to these things?




9. During the Tribulation, the Antichrist, who will have risen to power, will break his agreement with Israel (Daniel 9:27). He will bring great persecution upon the believing Jews (Daniel 7:25). What did Jesus say will happen to the believing Jews during this time (vv. 9-10)?




10. One noticeable sign during the Tribulation is false prophets rising up. What is the result of the false prophets’ messages (v. 11)?




11. During the Tribulation, lawlessness abounds. What is lawlessness? What is the result of the lawlessness (v. 12)? (See also 1 John 3:4 and2 Thessalonians 2:7-12.)




12. What becomes of those who endure to the end (v. 13)? (See also Revelation 7:9-17.)




13. Preceding the end of the Tribulation, what is proclaimed? What is one way it is proclaimed? (See Revelation 14:6-7.)




14. Jesus warns to take action when the “abomination of desolation,” spoken of by Daniel the prophet is seen. What is the “abomination of desolation”? (See Daniel 9:27, 11:31, and 12:11.) Where is it seen (v.15, see also 2 Thessalonians 2:3-4)? What action is to be taken (vv. 16-20)?



15. The abomination of desolation marks the beginning of the Great Tribulation, the last three and a half year period of the Tribulation. How does Jesus describe that period of time (v. 21)? What two reasons are given for those days being shortened (v. 22)?




16. Jesus warns again of false christs being on the scene during the Tribulation. What will false christs begin showing (v. 24)? (See also Revelation 13:13 and 2 Thessalonians 2:8-12)




17. During the Tribulation, what should the response be if someone says, “Look, here is the Christ!” or “Look, He is in the desert!” or “Look, He is in the inner rooms!” (vv. 23-26)?

DETAILED NOTES

  1. Introduction
    1. Land of Israel is at the center of the world; Jerusalem is at the center of Israel, and the Temple is at the center of Jerusalem.
    2. Setting
      1. Jesus with disciples on the Mount of Olives
      2. Overlooking Jerusalem
        1. No Dome of the Rock
        2. Jewish Temple stood
        3. From east side across the Kidron valley
      3. Jerusalem packed with millions there for Passover
      4. Realize Jerusalem is the center of God's prophetic program
    3. Jerusalem, Israel the center
      1. Geographic center of the earth biblically; "This is Jerusalem; I have set her in the midst of the nations and the countries all around her." (Ezekiel 5:5)
      2. Salvation center spiritually
        1. God purchased our salvation outside the Damascus Gate at Golgotha, Calvary
        2. "You worship what you do not know; we know what we worship, for salvation is of the Jews." (John 4:22)
      3. Storm center prophetically
        1. "And it shall happen in that day that I will make Jerusalem a very heavy stone for all peoples;" (Zechariah 12:3)
        2. World's desire to get rid of Israel: roadblock to peace
        3. For thus says the Lord of hosts: "He sent Me after glory, to the nations which plunder you; for he who touches you touches the apple of His eye." (Zecharaiah 2:8)
        4. What happens elsewhere is important; not as important as what happens in Jerusalem
      4. Glory center ultimately: "Now it shall come to pass in the latter days that the mountain of the Lord's house shall be established on the top of the mountains, and shall be exalted above the hills; and all nations shall flow to it." (Isaiah 2:2)
    4. Looking at end times through a Jewish lens
    5. Olivet Discourse
      1. Jesus message to disciples on the Mount of Olives
      2. Discuss the future
        1. Jews
        2. Jerusalem
        3. World
        4. His future coming
  2. The Temple
    1. Disciples in awe (see Mark 13:1)
    2. Evidence to them of God's blessing and presence
    3. Construction
      1. Began in 20 BC
      2. Completed in AD 64
      3. 18,000 men, 80 years
      4. Some believe it wasn't completed when it was destroyed
    4. Mountain with complex
      1. Peak of mountain leveled
      2. 36 acre complex
      3. Retaining wall
        1. SE corner 158 foot up from Kidron valley (pinnacle)
        2. Where Satan tempted Jesus to jump: "If You are the Son of God, throw Yourself down. For it is written: 'He shall give His angels charge over you,' and, 'In their hands they shall bear you up, Lest you dash your foot against a stone.' " (Matthew 4:6)
    5. Temple proper
      1. 90 feet up from foundation
      2. White marble with gold cornice
      3. "He who has not seentheTempleofHerod, has never seen a beautifulbuilding."  –Babylonian Talmud
      4. Individual stones weight up to 400 tons
      5. Destruction in AD 70
        1. Roman guard threw a torch; burned vestments and veil
        2. Gold melted into marble
        3. Roman soldiers overturned every stone to get gold, fulfilling Jesus prophecy
        4. Destruction so complete, one would never know anyone inhabited the place or where the Temple stood (according to Flavius Josephus)
        5. Artifacts can be found, but still debate about where the Temple stood
  3. Disciples inquire about Jesus coming and end of the age
    1. "Coming"
      1. Παρουσία; parousia- appearing, personal presence
      2. We think of the Second Coming
      3. Disciples thought of His first coming
        1. Glorious appearing of Messiah
        2. "When" suggests immediacy (a day or two, the end of Passover)
        3. His presentation of Himself as Ruler, King, Messiah
        4. "Now as they heard these things, He spoke another parable, because He was near Jerusalem and because they thought the kingdom of God would appear immediately." (Luke 19:11)
        5. The Triumphal Entry a signal to them of the Glorious Appearing
    2. Jewish Eschatology: scenario of last day events that lead to culmination of all things
      1. Time of Turmoil: Romans in control
      2. Elijah-like forerunner: John the Baptist
      3. Messiah appears defeating enemies
      4. Scattered Jews return to Israel; Jerusalem restored
    3. Our vantage point
      1. Jesus comes toward the earth for His church (Rapture)
        1. 1 Thessalonians 4:17 caught up
        2. Taken up to meet the Lord in the air
        3. A period of tribulation
      2. Jesus comes to earth with the church (Second Coming)
        1. Comes to Mount of Olives
        2. "Men of Galilee, why do you stand gazing up into heaven? This same Jesus, who was taken up from you into heaven, will so come in like manner as you saw Him go into heaven." (Acts 1:11)
    4. Jesus presented events principally  in Jerusalem for end time Jewish believers
  4. Antichrist
    1. "The Antichrist"
      1. Ruler who emerges during tribulation
      2. World-dominating
      3. Persuasive, powerful, energetic, charismatic
    2. Not one, but many
      1. "Little children, it is the last hour; and as you have heard that the Antichrist is coming, even now many antichrists have come, by which we know that it is the last hour." (1 John 2:18)
      2. Proliferation of antichrists in the future
      3. Whenever God works, Satan works
      4. Confuse people with false ideas
  5. Wars
    1. War marks human history
      1. Only 8% of human history has been peace
      2. Since 3600 BC
        1. About 14,500 wars
        2. Over 3.6 billion killed
        3. Total property damage equal to a solid gold bar around earth, 100 feet wide, 33 ft tall
    2. Wars increase with Tribulation in view
      1. Daniel predicted a broken pact with Israel
      2. "And till the end of the war desolations are determined." (Daniel 9:26)
      3. Revelation 6 John predicts the four horseman
        1. Second on a red horse
        2. "Another horse, fiery red, went out. And it was granted to the one who sat on it to take peace from the earth, and that people should kill one another; and there was given to him a great sword." (Revelation 6:4)
        3. Wars increase to a fever pitch
        4. Culminate in the mother of all wars: Armageddon
          1. Ἃρ  Μαγεδών Har Magedon; mountain of Megiddo
          2. Historic battleground
          3. Kings of the earth gather to fight against the Lord (See Revelation 16)
  6. Beginning of Sorrows
    1. Wars, famines pestilences earthquakes
    2. Sorrows of birth, birth pains (NIV)
      1. Frequency increases
      2. Intensity increases
    3. Judgments in Revelation
      1. Seven seals
      2. Seven trumpets
      3. Seven bowls
    4. Armageddon, Jesus returns, Kingdom Age
  7. Tribulation
    1. Who?
      1. Not disciples
        1. Never saw the end of the age (v. 13)
        2. Never saw worldwide evangelization (v. 14)
        3. Never saw the abomination of desolation (v. 15)
        4. Never saw stars fall, sun darkened, moon no light (v. 29)
      2. End time believers who see the tribulation
        1. Believers raptured
        2. God Saves more
    2. Endure to the end
      1. Not saved from sin by enduring
        1. Only Jesus saves from sin
        2. Proof of salvation
      2. Ability to endure trials and suffering is produced by trials
        1. "And not only that, but we also glory in tribulations, knowing that tribulation produces perseverance; and perseverance, character; and character, hope." (Romans 5:3-4)
        2. Pray for stronger backs rather than lighter loads
        3. Sometimes only way out is through: "Through the valley of the shadow of death" (Psalm 23:4)
  8. Evangelism
    1. Wrong belief: we can usher in the Kingdom through evangelism
      1. Not up to us to schedule His return
      2. He'll come back at the appointed time
    2. Despite war, deception, persecution, disease, God has witness until the end
      1. Tribulation the greatest mess
      2. The greatest message still preached
    3. How will people be saved if believers are gone?
      1. Two witnesses
        1. Miraculous power
        2. Some think Moses and Elijah
      2. 144,000 Jewish believers
        1. Saved and sealed for service
        2. Jewish believers have a powerful testimony
        3. Twelve disciples "turned the world upside down"
      3. Enumerable Gentiles
      4. Angel in heavens preaching the gospel
        1. Every person will see and hear (Revelation 14:6)
        2. No excuse
    4. Then the end will come
  9. Abomination of Desolation
    1. Daniel spoke of it three times
      1. Taking away the daily sacrifice in the Jewish Temple
      2. Replacing it with an abomination
    2. Alexander the Great
      1. Dream: spread Greek culture and language throughout the world
      2. Died young
      3. On deathbed: To whom will the kingdom go? The strong
    3. Kingdom Divided
      1. Cassander: Macedonia and Greece
      2. Lysimachus: Thrace and Asia Minor
      3. Ptolemy: Egypt
      4. Seleucus: Asian Provinces (including Syria)
    4. 8th King of Seleucid Empire: Antiochus IV
      1. Antiocus Epiphaneous
        1. The illustrious one
        2. God made manifest
        3. The embodiment of Zeus
        4. Demanded worship
      2. Surrounded Jerusalem 168 BC
        1. Killed 80,000
        2. Enslaved 40,000
        3. Plundered the Temple
        4. Took down the Altar of Sacrifice
        5. Proclaimed the Temple of Zeus
        6. Put up an image of Zeus
        7. Took away the daily sacrifices
        8. Took a pig and sacrificed it
        9. Spread its juices all over the Temple
    5. Jesus spoke of a future Abomination of Desolation
      1. Fulfilled in part
      2. Yet future
      3. Future temple
      4. Last world ruler will reenact what Antiochus did to the Jews
      5. "He opposes and exalts himself above all that is called God or that is worshiped, so that he sits as God in the temple of God, showing himself that he is God." (2 Thessalonians 2:4)
    6. Future Temple: Temple institute in Jerusalem
      1. Believe in God given right to the Temple
      2. Trained priests
      3. Vestments
      4. Instruments
      5. Sanhedrin in place
    7. Localized flight
      1. Geo specific: Israel, Judea, Sabbath
      2. Center in the Middle East, Jerusalem
      3. The Temple will be Ground Zero
      4. "Alas! For that day is great, So that none is like it; And it is the time of Jacob's trouble, But he shall be saved out of it." (Jeremiah 30:7)
      5. Not all who flee succeed (See Zechariah 13)
        1. 2/3 are killed
        2. 1/3 protected east of Israel for 3 ½ years (See Revelation 12:6)
  10. Great Tribulation
    1. Great Tribulation compare with tribulation (v. 9)
      1. Tribulation generally 7 years, first 3 ½ years
      2. Second 3 ½ years of tribulation
      3. Demarcated by the Abomination of Desolation
    2.  God's wrath poured out
      1. Seal, trumpet, and bowl judgments
      2. Satan's hatred and man's rebellion
      3. God's supernatural, direct involvement
      4. "And there shall be a time of trouble, Such as never was since there was a nation, Even to that time" (Daniel 12:1)
      5. 1260 days, then the wrath is over
      6. Worse than Dark Ages, World Wars, Holocaust
    3. False christ on the white horse (Revelation 6)
  11. Second Coming
    1. Every eye will see Him (see Revelation 7:1)
    2. Stand on Mount of Olives
    3. We will be with Him
    4. A shock to unbelievers

Hebrew terms: Ἃρ  Μαγεδών Har Magedon; mountain of Megiddo
Figures referenced: Flavius Josephus; Cassander ; Lysimachus; Ptolemy, Seleucus, Antiochus Ephiphanes
Cross references: Psalm 23:4; Isaiah 2:2; Jeremiah 30:7; Ezekiel 5:5; Daniel 9:26; Daniel 12:1; Zecharaiah 2:8; Zechariah 12:3; Zechariah 13; Matthew 4:6; Mark 13:1; Luke 19:11; John 4:22; Acts 1:11; Romans 5:3-4; 1 Thessalonians 4:17; 2 Thessalonians 2:4;  1 John 2:18; Revelation 6:4; Revelation 7:1; Revelation 12:6; Revelation 14:6; Revelation 16

Topic: Second Coming

Keywords: Olivet discourse, second coming, rapture, judgment, abomination of desolation, end times

 


 

SERIES: 40 Matthew - 2011
MESSAGE: Matthew 24:31-25:46
SPEAKER: Skip Heitzig
SCRIPTURE: Matthew 24:31-25:46
URL: http://SkipHeitzig.com/2358

MESSAGE SUMMARY
In this section of the Olivet Discourse, we consider Jesus' Warning Parables. As we examine the text, let's remember that while the church escapes judgment, many are left to suffer the Great Tribulation. We must be righteous, be ready, and be responsible.

STUDY GUIDE
Matthew 24:27-51

"Therefore you also be ready, for the Son of Man is coming at an hour you do not expect" (Matthew 24:44, NKJV).

PREVIEW: In Matthew 24:27-51, Jesus talks about His second coming and admonishes those alive at that time to be watchful and to be faithful servants.

Matthew 24:27-51 Outline:
The Second Coming - Read Matthew 24:27-31
Parable of the Fig Tree - Read Matthew 24:32-35
Illustration of the Days of Noah - Read Matthew 24:36-44
Illustration of the Two Servants - Read Matthew 24:45-51

The Second Coming - Read Matthew 24:27-31

1. Jesus says His second coming will be as lightning coming from the east and flashing to the west (v. 27). What other heavenly object is seen when Jesus comes again (v. 30)? (See also Mark 13:26.) What do you think that heavenly object might be a picture of and who will see it? (See Hebrews 12:1, Revelation 1:7, 1 Thessalonians 3:13, Zechariah 14:5, and Jude 1:14.)


2. What are the signs in the heavens that immediately follow the tribulation (v. 29)? (See also Isaiah 13:10 and Joel 2:31, 3:15-16.)



3. Jesus said all the tribes of the earth will mourn. Why do you think they will mourn when they see Jesus coming on the clouds of heaven with power and great glory?


4. Who does Jesus send out when He returns? What is their mission? How are they announced to all mankind (v. 31)?



5. Who are the elect Jesus refers to (v. 31)? (See also Matthew 24:22, Isaiah 43:6, and Zechariah 14:5.)



Parable of the Fig Tree - Read Matthew 24:32-35

6. Jesus uses a fig tree as an illustration of how a person can know that summer is near. What indications does the fig tree give to indicate the nearness of summer (v. 32)?


7. What do you think the fig tree represents? (See also Matthew 21:18-20 and Luke 13:6-9.)



8. Jesus said that when we see the fig tree putting forth leaves, we should know that the tribulation and His return are near (v. 33). What actions should we take, considering that we see the fig tree putting forth leaves in our day? (See Matthew 28:19-20 and 2 Peter 3:9.)


9. Jesus said heaven and earth will pass away (v. 35). When will heaven and earth pass away? (See Isaiah 65:17, 66:22, 2 Peter 3:7,13, and Revelation 21:1.)

10. Since the heavens and earth will pass away, how should we live? (See 2 Peter 3:10-13.)



Illustration of the Days of Noah - Read Matthew 24:36-44

11. Jesus said no one knows the day or the hour, not the angels, but only His Father. What day is He referring to? (See 1 Thessalonians 5:2 and 2 Peter 3:10.)


12. Jesus explains what life on earth will be like at the time of the coming of the Son of Man. What will life be like (vv. 37-39)?



13. What are some things that people are doing when the Son of Man comes (vv. 40-42)?



14. What admonition does Jesus give for those living in the days like the Days of Noah (v. 42)? (See also Matthew 25:13, Luke 21:36, and 1 Thessalonians 5:6.)



15. When is the Son of Man coming (vv. 43-44)? (See 1 Thessalonians 5:2 and 2 Peter 3:10.)


Illustration of the Two Servants - Read Matthew 24:45-51

16. Jesus uses an illustration of two servants to drive home the point that those awaiting His return ought to be watchful and diligently work until His return. What is the answer to the question Jesus asks, “Who then is a faithful and wise servant?” (v. 45-46)?



17. What will the master in the parable do to the faithful and wise servant (v. 47)? (See also Matthew 25:23.)




18. What does the evil servant say in his heart (v. 48)? What is the evil servant doing when the master returns (v. 49)? What is the evil servant not doing when the master returns (v. 50)?



19. What becomes of the evil servant who wasn’t watching for his master’s return (vv. 50-51)?



20. Jesus’ return is eminent and will be like a thief in the night. Are you watchful? Are you diligent? Are you about your Master’s business? Explain how you are faithfully serving Him.

DETAILED NOTES

  1. Introduction
    1. Shofar
      1. Rams horn; ancient trumpet
      2. King's appointed
      3. Gather people together; often for war
      4. Announce Great festivals
    2. Olivet Discourse
      1. Jesus' teaching about His second coming
      2. Mount of Olives
      3. Matthew 24-25
    3. Context
      1. "Immediately after the tribulation of those days the sun will be darkened, and the moon will not give its light; the stars will fall from heaven, and the powers of the heavens will be shaken. Then the sign of the Son of Man will appear in heaven, and then all the tribes of the earth will mourn, and they will see the Son of Man coming on the clouds of heaven with power and great glory. And He will send His angels with a great sound of a trumpet, and they will gather together His elect from the four winds, from one end of heaven to the other." (Matthew 24:29-31)
      2. End of the tribulation period
      3. Who are the elect?
        1. Christians
        2. Sometimes Jews
        3. Sometimes all believers
        4. All believers of all times
        5. Ushering in the Millennial reign of Jesus Christ
      4. Tribulation: Bad now; worse time then—unparalleled  time of tribulation
    4. Three series of Judgments
      1. Seven Seals (Revelation 6)
        1. Unparalleled war
        2. Human slaughter
        3. Worldwide famine
        4. Worldwide inflation
        5. People will want mountains to fall on them
      2. Seven Trumpet Judgments (Revelation 8)
        1. Hail and fire from sky
        2. Rivers and springs polluted and poisoned
        3. Grass of the earth burned up
        4. Bottomless Pit opened (Revelation 9)
        5. Hoards of demons cover the earth (Revelation 12)
      3. Seven Bowl Judgments (Revelation 16)
        1. Malignant sores
        2. Water sources again poisoned
        3. Sun Scorches people
        4. Hail from heaven (125 lb. stones)
    5. Armageddon
      1. International conflict
      2. Coalition gathers to fight against God
    6. Millennial Kingdom set up
  2. Parable of the Fig Tree
    1. Heaven and earth will pass away
    2. Identity of the fig tree
      1. Israel
        1. Modern nation established in 1948
        2. Too obscure for the disciples
      2. Race of Jews
        1. γενεὰ; genea - generation
        2. Jewish people until the end times
      3. Straightforward
        1. You can tell what's coming by what you see now
        2. "Look at the fig tree, and all the trees." (Luke 21:29)
        3. List of indicators
        4. After the Winter of Tribulation will be a Springtime of Blessing
    3. That Day
      1. Day of the Lord
        1. Not a 24-hour period
        2. Unfolding events of the ultimate, final judgment
        3. God intervenes in human history
      2. Daniels 70th week
        1. Seven-year period
        2. Begins with the rapture of the church
        3. No one knows when
          1. In 1988, Edgar Whisenant (NASA engineer, prophecy buff), author of 88 Reasons Why the Rapture Will Be in 1988
          2. Only the Father knows
    4. Days of Noah (see Genesis 6)
      1. Increase in population (see Genesis 6:1)
        1. World population now seven billion
        2. By 2050: 21-22 billion
        3. ½ - ¾ of all population in history are alive now
      2. Increase in wickedness (see Genesis 6:2)
      3. Increase in violence (see Genesis 6:5)
      4. Unheeded preaching
        1. Noah preached 120 years
        2. Floods came
        3. Built ark in inland Iraq; like building in Gallup, NM
    5. One taken, one left
      1. Taken in judgment
      2. When judgment comes it's too late
      3. Could be rapture in light of v. 33 (Noah lifted up from earth during flood)
      4. When God judges, He knows the different between the righteous and the wicked (see 2 Peter 2:4-9)
    6. Timeline
      1. Rapture
      2. Day of the Lord
      3. Mid Tribulation: Abomination of Desolation
      4. Armageddon
    7. Bible's revelation about the world's consummation should inspire godly motivation.
      1. We know this is coming
      2. The world doubts and dismisses
      3. "But the natural man does not receive the things of the Spirit of God, for they are foolishness to him; nor can he know them, because they are spiritually discerned." (1 Corinthians 2:14)
      4. We see what they don't: like an Eagle
        1. Eight times as many visual cells per cubic cm than humans
        2. From 600 ft. can spot a dime-sized object through 6" of grass
        3. From five miles, can see a 3" fish jumping
      5. We should be ready, involved, passionate
  3. Parable of the Faithful and Wise Servant
    1. Get Saved
      1. Trust in the finished work of Jesus
        1. He shed His blood for our sin
        2. Receive by faith as Lord and Saviro
      2. Compel others to come to Christ
      3. Never know when your time is up!
      4. Eternity is real
    2. Get Busy
      1. "Grow in the grace and knowledge of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ." (2 Peter 3:18)
      2. Don't be content with where you are
        1. What else can I learn?
        2. How else can the Lord work in me?
      3. Make disciples
        1. Not only converts
        2. Disciple them
    3. Get Active
      1. Involve yourself with others in ministry
      2. Don't be self-absorbed—serve others
  4. Parable of the Ten Virgins
    1. Setting
      1. Engagement
        1. Young children
        2. Fathers made the agreement
        3. Children had not contact
        4. Love is a commitment not a feeling
      2. Betrothal
        1. One year before marriage
        2. Vows spoken
        3. No physical contact
        4. Couldn't separate without legal divorce
        5. If man died, she was considered a widow who is a virgin
        6. Man demonstrated he could provide for the wife
      3. Wedding Feast
        1. Involved the whole community
        2. Lasted one week
        3. Groom and his party went to the brides home
        4. She should be ready
        5. Parade through longest route to the groom's home
        6. Receive best wishes: מזל טוב; Mazal tov; good luck
        7. At grooms home
          1. Weeklong feast
          2. No consummation
          3. Celebration
        8. End of week: Groomsman took grooms and brides hands and brought them together
        9. Marriage consummated
    2. Torches lit
      1. Long stick with wire mesh
      2. Olive oil soaked cloth stuffed inside
      3. Flasks of oil to renew the flame
    3. Μωρός; móros - stupid, foolish (moron)
    4. Φρόνιμος; phronimos - intelligent, mentally attentive
    5. Midnight
      1. Most asleep
      2. Jesus wasn't coming right away as the disciples expected
      3. Coming at an unlikely hour
    6. Lesson
      1. Be righteous
      2. Be ready
      3. Be responsible
    7. Ten Important in Judaism
      1. 10 men to start a synagogue
        1. Why Lydia and ladies meeting my the river: no synagogue
        2. Living water
      2. 10 people to have Passover
      3. 10 in the wedding
    8. Foolish
      1. Knew something was coming: unprepared
      2. Had garment and torch: looked ready
      3. No oil: unprepared
      4. Like those who profess Christ, but don't live like it
      5. Just because you go to church, doesn't mean you are saved
      6. In parable, half are saved, half are not
      7. A significant number profess to follow but in truth do not
    9. Comparison of Syriac and Latin Vulgate
      1. "Came with his bride"
      2. Follows prophetic model
        1. Rapture
        2. Church in heaven
        3. Marriage Supper of the Lamb
        4. Jesus comes back with the church at the Second coming
    10. Lessons
      1. Some things can't wait for the last minute
        1. Don't wait
        2. Foolish to wait for the test to be passed before preparing
      2. Certain things can't be borrowed
        1. Oil
        2. Can't borrow another's relationship with the Lord
  5. Parable of the Talents
    1. Talent: measure of weight
      1. Gold or silver
      2. Could be worth up to 20 year's wages
    2. Foolish servant's assessment was incongruent with his behavior (more incentive not to be lazy and slothful
    3. Talents: Opportunity to invest time, talent and treasure for the sake of God's Kingdom
      1. Are you using what God entrusted to you to expand His Kingdom?
      2. God rewards according to faithfulness
    4. Get Saved, Get Busy, Get Active
      1. Uniquely gifted  by God
      2. Everyone must be faithful
      3. Every part plays a unique role
    5. Unprofitable: poser believer who proves he has no saving faith
  6. Parable of the Sheep and Goats
    1. Lifted out of context
      1. Falsely demonstrate salvation comes by works
      2. Falsely demonstrate maintain salvation through works
      3. Keith Green believed and promoted; legalism
    2. Most commentators agree the text about the Second Coming, but disagree on the nature of the judgment
    3. Not the Great White Throne Judgment
      1. After Millennium
      2. Only unbelievers
      3. Lake of Fire: Second Death
    4. Amillennialists and Post-Millennialists agree end time judgment for all people
      1. No mention of resurrection
      2. Subjects seem to be those alive at the Second Coming
    5. Judgment of nations at the end of the Tribulation
      1. Judged on their treatment of "the brethren"
      2. Jewish people
      3. Paul: "my brethren"
      4. Ethnically Jewish people
      5. During the tribulation may Jews come to Christ and are sealed
      6. Wave of anti-Semitism (See Revelation 12)
      7. Many Gentile nations persecute Israel
      8. Some bless Israel
    6. God never prepared hell for people
      1. Most will go there: "Enter by the narrow gate; for wide is the gate and broad is the way that leads to destruction, and there are many who go in by it." (Matthew 7:13)
      2. Made to be a place of torment for Satan and demons
      3. God gives us volition
      4. One who refuses to follow Christ and refuses God's will for life
      5. If they choose to follow the devil, God allows them to follow the devil to his final destination: hell
    7. Near death experiences
      1. We don't hear the whole story
      2. Beyond Death's Door, by Dr. Maurice Rawlings: "I’m thoroughly convinced that there is life after death — and that there are at least as many going to hell as to heaven…the turning point in my own concepts occurred when a patient experienced cardiac arrest and dropped dead right in my office. Of course, that alone didn't change my thinking, but the fact that this 48 year old …was screaming, 'I'm in hell! Keep me out of hell!' each time he responded to resuscitation efforts did cause me some concern…About 50% of the revived persons told of having gone to a place of great darkness, filled w/ grotesque moaning and writhing bodies crying out to be rescued from this place w/ overwhelming feeling of eerie and nightmarish terror,"  Why these not reported? "’cuz are people too embarrassed to admit them and doctors are too embarrassed to make inquiries into such matters. But nobody can afford ignore these reports…I'm convinced there’s a hell and that we must conduct selves in such way as to avoid being sent there at all costs"
      3. Get Saved, Get Busy, Get Active

Hebrew terms: מזל טוב; Mazal tov
Greek terms: γενεὰ; genea - generation; Μωρός; móros - stupid, foolish; Φρόνιμος; phronimos - intelligent, mentally attentive
Publications referenced: 88 Reasons Why the Rapture Will Be in 1988, by Edgar Whisenant;  Beyond Death's Door, by Dr. Maurice Rawlings
Cross references: Genesis 6; Matthew 7:13; Luke 21:29; 1 Corinthians 2:14; 2 Peter 2:4-9; 2 Peter 3:18; Revelation 6; Revelation 8; Revelation 9; Revelation 12; Revelation 1

Topic: Second Coming

Keywords: Olivet discourse, second coming, rapture, judgment, end times, warning parables

 


 

SERIES: 40 Matthew - 2011
MESSAGE: Matthew 26:1-30
SPEAKER: Skip Heitzig
SCRIPTURE: Matthew 26:1-30
URL: http://SkipHeitzig.com/2360

MESSAGE SUMMARY
As Jesus gathered with His disciples to observe the Passover one last time, He brought fresh meaning to a festival which had been celebrated for thousands of years. Rather than a memorial to their physical deliverance from bondage in Egypt, the meal represents His broken body and shed blood—and spiritual deliverance from sin for those who believe.

STUDY GUIDE
Matthew 26
Then Jesus said to them, 'All of you will be made to stumble because of Me this night, for it is written: "I will strike the Shepherd, and the sheep of the flock will be scattered"' (Matthew 26:31).

PREVIEW: In Matthew 26, Jesus celebrates the Passover meal with His disciples, He is betrayed and taken to the high priest, and Peter denies knowing Him.

Matthew 26 Outline:
The Religious Leaders Plot to Kill Jesus - Read Matthew 26:1-5
Mary Anoints Jesus for Burial - Read Matthew 26:6-13
Judas Agrees to Betray Jesus - Read Matthew 26:14-16
The Passover is Prepared - Read Matthew 26:17-19
The Passover is Celebrated - Read Matthew 26:20-25
The Lord's Supper is Instituted - Read Matthew 26:26-29
Peter's Denial is Predicted - Read Matthew 26:30-35
Jesus' Three Prayers - Read Matthew 26:36-46
Jesus' Betrayal and Arrest - Read Matthew 26:47-56
Two False Witnesses - Read Matthew 26:57-68
Three Denials of Peter - Read Matthew 26:69-75

The Religious Leaders Plot to Kill Jesus - Read Matthew 26:1-5
1. The Passover, a time to remember Israel's deliverance out of Egypt, was near. What did Jesus tell His disciples was going to happen during the Passover (v. 2)?




2. Matthew records an event that occurred in the palace of the high priest. Who was the high priest and what occurred in his palace (vv. 3-5)?




Mary Anoints Jesus for Burial - Read Matthew 26:6-13
3. Where in Bethany was Jesus (v. 6)? What is very unusual about the place He stayed?



4. A woman came into the place Jesus was staying. Who was this woman (see John 12:3)? What did she do to Jesus (v. 7)?



5. When the disciples saw what the woman did, what was their attitude and reaction (v.8-9)? Which disciple reacted that way (see John 12:4)? Why (see John 12:6.)?



6. Jesus defended the woman's actions and explained why she performed them (v. 10). What was the reason for her lavish demonstration (v. 12)?



7. What did Jesus say would be done as a memorial to the woman (v. 13)?




Judas Agrees to Betray Jesus - Read Matthew 26:14-16
8. With whom did Judas Iscariot make a deal, and why (v. 14-15)?



9. Those with whom Judas arranged a deal agreed to pay him. How much did they agree to pay (v. 15)? Why do you think they offered that amount? (See Exodus 21:32 and Zechariah 11:12-13.)




10. After Judas arranged the deal, what was he on the lookout for (v. 16)?




The Passover is Prepared - Read Matthew 26:17-19
11. The Feast of Unleavened Bread is a seven day event. On the first day of the feast, what did the disciples ask Jesus (v. 17)?





12. Jesus instructed His disciples to go into the city, to a certain man. How would they know which man (See Mark 14:13.)?



13. What were the disciples instructed to tell the master of the house where the certain man went in (v. 18)? (See also Mark 14:14-15.)




The Passover is Celebrated - Read Matthew 26:20-25
14. Jesus and His twelve disciples sat down to celebrate the Passover (v. 20). What announcement did Jesus make while they were eating (v. 21)?



15. How did the disciples react to His announcement (v. 22)?



16. Jesus informed His disciples who the announcement referred to (v. 23). Who was Jesus referring to and what woe did He pronounce upon that person (v. 24)?



17. Look carefully at how eleven of the disciples referred to Jesus when they asked, "Is it I?" (v. 22). How did the person Jesus pronounced a woe upon refer to Him (v. 25)? (See also 1 Corinthians 12:3.)



The Lord's Supper is Instituted - Read Matthew 26:26-29
18. While Jesus and His disciples were eating the Passover feast, He took bread and gave it a special meaning. What meaning did He assign to it (v. 26)?



19. Jesus also assigned a special meaning to the cup of wine. What did He ask the disciples to do with the cup of wine (v.27), and what meaning did He assign to it (v. 28)?




Peter's Denial is Predicted - Read Matthew 26:30-35
20. After the Passover meal, Jesus and His disciples sang a hymn, possibly one of the Hallel Psalms, like Psalm 113 and the five that follow it. Where did they go afterward (v. 30)?



21. Jesus quoted Zechariah 13:7 as a prophecy that would be fulfilled through the disciples. What did Jesus say the disciples would do (v. 31)?



22. Jesus looked beyond the coming crucifixion and told the disciples what would happen and where He would meet them. What did he say (v. 32)? (See also Matthew 28:7, 10, and 16-17.)



23. After hearing Jesus quote the prophecy, what did Peter confess (v. 33)?



24. How did Jesus respond to Peter's confession (v. 34)? (See also Matthew 26:69-75.)



25. What did all the disciples confess (v. 35)?




Jesus' Three Prayers - Read Matthew 26:36-46
26. Gethsemane is a garden at the foot of the Mount of Olives, where Jesus went to pray (v. 36). Who did Jesus take with Him to pray, and how did He feel (v. 37)? What did Jesus ask them to do while He prayed (v. 38)?



27. What did Jesus do before praying to the Father (v. 39)? What request did He make of the Father?



28. When Jesus returned from praying, what were the disciples doing? What did He ask them to do, and what warning did He give them (vv.40-41)?



29. Jesus went off to pray a second time. What was His second prayer (v. 42)?




30. What were the disciples doing the second time Jesus returned to them (v. 43)? What did Jesus do this time (v. 44)?



31. What was Jesus' third request of the Father (v. 44)?




32. The third time Jesus returned to His disciples, what did He tell them (v. 45-46)?




Jesus' Betrayal and Arrest - Read Matthew 26:47-56
33. While Jesus was informing His disciples, who arrived on the scene, and what did they bring with them (v. 47)?



34. The term "His betrayer" is used of whom (v. 48)? In what manner was He betrayed (v. 49)? (See also Proverbs 27:6.)



35. While Jesus was being betrayed, how did He refer to His betrayer (v. 50)? (See also Psalm 41:9, 55:13 and Zechariah 13:6.)



36. One of Jesus' disciples drew his sword (v. 51). Who was it? What did he do with it? Who was affected? (See John 18:10.)



37. Jesus was not worried about those who came to betray Him. Why (v. 53)?



38. Jesus referred to the Scriptures that must be fulfilled. What do those Scriptures say? (See Isaiah 50:6, 53:2–11, Luke 24:25–27, 44–46; and Acts 17:3, 26:23.)



39. When Jesus was betrayed, what did the disciples do (v. 56)? (See also Zechariah 13:7.)




Two False Witnesses - Read Matthew 26:57-68
40. When Jesus was in the hands of His betrayers, where did they take Him? Who was there? Who followed at a distance (v. 57-58)? (See also John 18:15-16.)




41. Two false witnesses came forward. What did they testify that they heard Jesus say? Did Jesus ever say that (vv. 60-61)? (See Matthew 27:40, Mark 14:58, 15:29, John 2:19, and Acts 6:14.)




42. Caiaphas, the high priest from AD 18 to 36 and son–in–law to Annas (John 18:13), arose and asked Jesus, "Do You answer nothing? What is it these men testify against You?" But Jesus kept silent (v. 63) Why did Jesus keep silent when being accused? (See Isaiah 53:7)




43. Caiaphas, put Jesus "under oath by the living God." What did he tell Jesus to answer under oath (v. 63)?




44. How did Jesus answer Caiaphas (v. 64)? How did Caiaphas respond to Jesus' answer (v. 65)?




45. Based upon Jesus' response to Caiaphas, what did the chief priests, the elders, and all the council determine (v. 66)? What did they do to Jesus once they determined this (v. 67-68)?




Three Denials of Peter - Read Matthew 26:69-75
46. Peter was sitting in the courtyard of the high priest's home. What was he doing there (Luke 22:55)? Who approached Peter, (Mark 14:66) and what did they accuse him of (v. 69)? (See also Luke 22:56.)




47. How did Peter respond to the accusation (v. 70)?




48. Peter left his accusers in the courtyard. Where did he go? Who did he see there (Mark 14:69) and what did they accuse him of (v. 71)?




49. How did Peter respond to that second accusation (v. 72)? How was it different from his first response?




50. About an hour later (Luke 22:59), Peter received a third accusation. How was that accusation different from the first two (v. 73)? Who made the third accusation (John 18:26)?




51. How did Peter respond to their third accusation (v. 74)? How was it different from his first two responses?




52. What happened immediately after Peter denied knowing Jesus the third time (v. 74)? What did Peter remember (v. 75)? What was Peter's response to what he had done and what he had remembered?

DETAILED NOTES

  1. Introduction
    1. Out of date
      1. Birthday card which plays songs
        1. Throw away
        2. More technology than existed on earth in 1950
      2. Old Testament system
        1. Incomplete
        2. Anticipates something greater
        3. God could be accessed
          1. Series of animal sacrifices; shedding of blood
          2. Not enough
          3. Prophets added; not enough
          4. Sin covered temporarily—not removed
        4. "Behold, the days are coming, says the Lord, when I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel…. I will put My law in their minds, and write it on their hearts;" (Jeremiah 31:31, 33)
    2. Passover meal
      1. Child asks: "What makes this night different from every other night?"
      2. Father explain deliverance of Israel from bondage to freedom by God
      3. Taught as a special night
      4. Jesus brought new meaning to the celebration
      5. Anticipated the lamb who would take away the sin of the world
      6. "If you cut the Bible anywhere, it will bleed." —Graham Scroggie
      7. "All pre New Testament history looks forward to the cross, while all post New Testament history looks back to the cross."—Graham Scroggie
  2. Matthew 26
    1. Three festivals kept in Jerusalem
      1. Passover
      2. Pentecost
      3. Feast of Tabernacles
    2. Passover
      1. The greatest celebration
      2. פסח; Pesach - Passover
      3. Every male Jew age 12 and above within a 15-mile radius required to go to Jerusalem
      4. Every Jew dreamed celebrating Passover in Jerusalem
      5. l'shanah haba'ah birushalayim - Next Year in Jerusalem!
      6. May the Messiah speedily come in our day
      7. Records of Flavius Josephus
        1. 256,000 lambs slain
        2. 10 person per lamb minimum
        3. Conservative estimates place 2.5 million in Jerusalem
        4. Priests killed 2 lambs per minute over 2 hours
      8. Tombs painted white so none defile selves by touching
      9. Songs, poems, children's games, riddles
      10. 14th of Nisan
    3. The Last Supper
      1. Minimum 17 people in attendance
        1. Jesus
        2. 12 apostles
        3. Lazarus
        4. Martha
        5. Mary
        6. Simon the Leper
      2. Bethany
        1. Lazarus, Martha, and Mary also lived in Bethany
        2. Sick Houses
        3. Leper colony in the area
      3. Martha serving
      4. Mary poured oil on Jesus
        1. Why this waste?
          1. Spearheaded by Judas
          2. Oil of Spikenard
            1. Expensive
            2. Imported from India
            3. 3-12 inch root
            4. 30-40 spikes per plant
            5. Oil used for ritual baths and burial
            6. $10,000 worth
          3. Sounds noble: not waste God's money
          4. Judas: a thief
            1. "This he said, not that he cared for the poor, but because he was a thief, and had the money box; and he used to take what was put in it." (John 12:6)
            2. Κλέπτης; kleptēs; steals by a carefully prescribed plan
          5. Critical of Mary, hypocritical before God
            1. Sin sniffer, fault finder
            2. "First remove the plank from your own eye, and then you will see clearly to remove the speck that is in your brother's eye." (Luke 2:42)
        2. Better prescription for divine stewardship: priority
          1. "For the poor will never cease from the land; therefore I command you, saying, 'You shall open your hand wide to your brother, to your poor and your needy, in your land.'" (Deuteronomy 15:11)
          2. Always an opportunity to show good deeds to the poor
          3. Now is the only opportunity for her to pour out this gift
        3. Roses before the funeral
        4. Show love before death
          1. After death you can't give finances
          2. After death you can't witness
    4. Judas and the Chief Priests
      1. "A bad man is worse when he pretends to be a saint."—Francis Bacon
      2. Jesse James
        1. Church goer? Or murdering thief?
        2. Held up a train, shot someone, went to church
        3. Kearny County Baptist Church
        4. Choir member
        5. Loved church, sometimes couldn't attend because busy robbing and killing
      3. One of the twelve betrays Jesus
      4. Faulty Theory
        1. Judas was trying to force Jesus' hand to prove He was the Messiah
        2. Believed Judas was the political Messiah
        3. Wanted him to set up the kingdom immediately
      5. Biblical view
        1. Son of Perdition
        2. No hope
        3. Lost eternally
        4. Jesus commended the woman and rebuked Judas
        5. He turned on Jesus when he understood it was not a political kingdom but a spiritual one
    5. Preparation for Passover
      1. Peter and John sent (See Luke 22:8)
        1. Part of the inner-circle along with James
        2. Ran to the tomb together at the resurrection
      2. "Behold, when you have entered the city, a man will meet you carrying a pitcher of water; follow him into the house which he enters. Then you shall say to the master of the house, 'The Teacher says to you, "Where is the guest room where I may eat the Passover with My disciples?" (Luke 22:10-11)
        1. Man carrying water the tip off
        2. Women normally carry water, easy to spot in a crowd
    6. The Last Supper
      1. Leonardo da Vinci's The Last Supper inaccurate presentation
      2. The scene
        1. Meals eaten on the ground
        2. U-shaped table: triclinium
        3. Reclined on one side; feet away and back
        4. Semi-circle
      3. Why did Jesus pick Judas?
        1. "Now it came to pass in those days that He went out to the mountain to pray, and continued all night in prayer to God. And when it was day, He called His disciples to Himself; " (Luke 6:12-13)
        2. Jesus omniscient
        3. That the Scripture would be fulfilled
        4. Love, to be love, must be vulnerable
          1. Whenever vulnerable you will be hurt
          2. Jesus reached out to Judas repeatedly
          3. Judas betrayed Him
          4. If you love someone, you will get hurt at some point
      4. John and Judas as the right and left of Jesus
        1. Honored position selected by  Jesus
        2. Jesus reached out to Judas until the end
      5. "'It is he to whom I shall give a piece of bread when I have dipped it.' And having dipped the bread, He gave it to Judas Iscariot, the son of Simon. Now after the piece of bread, Satan entered him. Then Jesus said to him, 'What you do, do quickly.'" (John 13:26)
      6. The meal
        1. Formal meal
          1. סדר‎‎; Seder- organized feast
          2. הַגָּדָה; Haggadah - telling
        2. Revolves around four glasses of wine; all speak of Israel's history
          1. Cup of blessing
            1. Welcome Guests
            2. Blessed art Thou Lord Log, King of the universe, who gives us the fruit of the vine…
            3. Kiddush
          2. Cup of judgment
            1. Part of the wine sprinkled as blood sprinkled on the doorposts in Egypt
            2. History of the Exodus
            3. Coming out of bondage
            4. Judgment of God on Pharaoh and Egyptians
            5. Dip bread in bitter herbs represent the better bondage of the past
            6. חֲרֽוֹסֶת; Charoset represents the mortar made by slaves
          3. Cup of Redemption
            1. For this is My blood of the new covenant, which is shed for many for the remission of sins.
            2. Between the second and third cup a meal was eaten
          4. Cup of Praise
            1. הלל‎; Hallel - praise
            2. Sang a hymn
      7. Jesus transformed the ancient meal into a different meaning
        1. No longer temporary deliverance from physical bondage in Egypt
        2. Permanent spiritual deliverance from sin
        3. "In the same manner He also took the cup after supper, saying, 'This cup is the new covenant in My blood. This do, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of Me.'" (1 Corinthians 11:25)
          1. Jesus gave the command
          2. Disciples took it as a literal command
          3. Got together throughout history to break bread
          4.  "And they continued steadfastly in the apostles' doctrine and fellowship, in the breaking of bread, and in prayers." (Acts 2:42)
          5. "Now on the first day of the week, when the disciples came together to break bread" (Acts 20:7)
        4. God's great forgiveness through the Passover lamb
  3. Illustration of Louis XII
    1. Forgave his enemies as Jesus forgave enemies from the cross
    2. Forgiven by the blood of the Savior and would extend forgiveness to others.

Hebrew terms: פסח; Pesach - Passover ; l'shanah haba'ah birushalayim - Next Year in Jerusalem!; סדר‎‎; Seder- organized feast; הַגָּדָה; Haggadah - telling; חֲרֽוֹסֶת; Charoset; הלל‎; Hallel - praise
Publications referenced: Leonardo da Vinci's The Last Supper
Figures referenced: Graham Scroggie; Flavius Josephus; Francis Bacon; Jesse James; Louis XII
Cross references: Deuteronomy 15:11; Jeremiah 31:31, Jeremiah 31:33; Luke 2:42; Luke 6:12-13; Luke 22:8; Luke 22:10-11; 1 Corinthians 11:25; Acts 2:42; Acts 20:7

Topic: The Last Supper

Keywords: Passover, Communion, Last Supper, betrayal, Judas

 


 

SERIES: 40 Matthew - 2011
MESSAGE: Matthew 26:31-75
SPEAKER: Skip Heitzig
SCRIPTURE: Matthew 26:31-75
URL: http://SkipHeitzig.com/2362

MESSAGE SUMMARY
Following the Last Supper, Jesus entered the Garden of Gethsemane and willingly surrendered Himself to the will of the Father: Jesus was crushed for our sin, abandoned to the Cross, so that we might have fellowship with Him. As we study Matthew 26, we consider the spiritual battle before us, the choices we make, and the ultimate victory that is ours through Jesus Christ.

STUDY GUIDE
Matthew 26
Then Jesus said to them, 'All of you will be made to stumble because of Me this night, for it is written: "I will strike the Shepherd, and the sheep of the flock will be scattered"' (Matthew 26:31).

PREVIEW: In Matthew 26, Jesus celebrates the Passover meal with His disciples, He is betrayed and taken to the high priest, and Peter denies knowing Him.

Matthew 26 Outline:
The Religious Leaders Plot to Kill Jesus - Read Matthew 26:1-5
Mary Anoints Jesus for Burial - Read Matthew 26:6-13
Judas Agrees to Betray Jesus - Read Matthew 26:14-16
The Passover is Prepared - Read Matthew 26:17-19
The Passover is Celebrated - Read Matthew 26:20-25
The Lord's Supper is Instituted - Read Matthew 26:26-29
Peter's Denial is Predicted - Read Matthew 26:30-35
Jesus' Three Prayers - Read Matthew 26:36-46
Jesus' Betrayal and Arrest - Read Matthew 26:47-56
Two False Witnesses - Read Matthew 26:57-68
Three Denials of Peter - Read Matthew 26:69-75

The Religious Leaders Plot to Kill Jesus - Read Matthew 26:1-5
1. The Passover, a time to remember Israel's deliverance out of Egypt, was near. What did Jesus tell His disciples was going to happen during the Passover (v. 2)?




2. Matthew records an event that occurred in the palace of the high priest. Who was the high priest and what occurred in his palace (vv. 3-5)?




Mary Anoints Jesus for Burial - Read Matthew 26:6-13
3. Where in Bethany was Jesus (v. 6)? What is very unusual about the place He stayed?



4. A woman came into the place Jesus was staying. Who was this woman (see John 12:3)? What did she do to Jesus (v. 7)?



5. When the disciples saw what the woman did, what was their attitude and reaction (v.8-9)? Which disciple reacted that way (see John 12:4)? Why (see John 12:6.)?



6. Jesus defended the woman's actions and explained why she performed them (v. 10). What was the reason for her lavish demonstration (v. 12)?



7. What did Jesus say would be done as a memorial to the woman (v. 13)?




Judas Agrees to Betray Jesus - Read Matthew 26:14-16
8. With whom did Judas Iscariot make a deal, and why (v. 14-15)?



9. Those with whom Judas arranged a deal agreed to pay him. How much did they agree to pay (v. 15)? Why do you think they offered that amount? (See Exodus 21:32 and Zechariah 11:12-13.)




10. After Judas arranged the deal, what was he on the lookout for (v. 16)?




The Passover is Prepared - Read Matthew 26:17-19
11. The Feast of Unleavened Bread is a seven day event. On the first day of the feast, what did the disciples ask Jesus (v. 17)?





12. Jesus instructed His disciples to go into the city, to a certain man. How would they know which man (See Mark 14:13.)?



13. What were the disciples instructed to tell the master of the house where the certain man went in (v. 18)? (See also Mark 14:14-15.)




The Passover is Celebrated - Read Matthew 26:20-25
14. Jesus and His twelve disciples sat down to celebrate the Passover (v. 20). What announcement did Jesus make while they were eating (v. 21)?



15. How did the disciples react to His announcement (v. 22)?



16. Jesus informed His disciples who the announcement referred to (v. 23). Who was Jesus referring to and what woe did He pronounce upon that person (v. 24)?



17. Look carefully at how eleven of the disciples referred to Jesus when they asked, "Is it I?" (v. 22). How did the person Jesus pronounced a woe upon refer to Him (v. 25)? (See also 1 Corinthians 12:3.)



The Lord's Supper is Instituted - Read Matthew 26:26-29
18. While Jesus and His disciples were eating the Passover feast, He took bread and gave it a special meaning. What meaning did He assign to it (v. 26)?



19. Jesus also assigned a special meaning to the cup of wine. What did He ask the disciples to do with the cup of wine (v.27), and what meaning did He assign to it (v. 28)?




Peter's Denial is Predicted - Read Matthew 26:30-35
20. After the Passover meal, Jesus and His disciples sang a hymn, possibly one of the Hallel Psalms, like Psalm 113 and the five that follow it. Where did they go afterward (v. 30)?



21. Jesus quoted Zechariah 13:7 as a prophecy that would be fulfilled through the disciples. What did Jesus say the disciples would do (v. 31)?



22. Jesus looked beyond the coming crucifixion and told the disciples what would happen and where He would meet them. What did he say (v. 32)? (See also Matthew 28:7, 10, and 16-17.)



23. After hearing Jesus quote the prophecy, what did Peter confess (v. 33)?



24. How did Jesus respond to Peter's confession (v. 34)? (See also Matthew 26:69-75.)



25. What did all the disciples confess (v. 35)?




Jesus' Three Prayers - Read Matthew 26:36-46
26. Gethsemane is a garden at the foot of the Mount of Olives, where Jesus went to pray (v. 36). Who did Jesus take with Him to pray, and how did He feel (v. 37)? What did Jesus ask them to do while He prayed (v. 38)?



27. What did Jesus do before praying to the Father (v. 39)? What request did He make of the Father?



28. When Jesus returned from praying, what were the disciples doing? What did He ask them to do, and what warning did He give them (vv.40-41)?



29. Jesus went off to pray a second time. What was His second prayer (v. 42)?




30. What were the disciples doing the second time Jesus returned to them (v. 43)? What did Jesus do this time (v. 44)?



31. What was Jesus' third request of the Father (v. 44)?




32. The third time Jesus returned to His disciples, what did He tell them (v. 45-46)?




Jesus' Betrayal and Arrest - Read Matthew 26:47-56
33. While Jesus was informing His disciples, who arrived on the scene, and what did they bring with them (v. 47)?



34. The term "His betrayer" is used of whom (v. 48)? In what manner was He betrayed (v. 49)? (See also Proverbs 27:6.)



35. While Jesus was being betrayed, how did He refer to His betrayer (v. 50)? (See also Psalm 41:9, 55:13 and Zechariah 13:6.)



36. One of Jesus' disciples drew his sword (v. 51). Who was it? What did he do with it? Who was affected? (See John 18:10.)



37. Jesus was not worried about those who came to betray Him. Why (v. 53)?



38. Jesus referred to the Scriptures that must be fulfilled. What do those Scriptures say? (See Isaiah 50:6, 53:2–11, Luke 24:25–27, 44–46; and Acts 17:3, 26:23.)



39. When Jesus was betrayed, what did the disciples do (v. 56)? (See also Zechariah 13:7.)




Two False Witnesses - Read Matthew 26:57-68
40. When Jesus was in the hands of His betrayers, where did they take Him? Who was there? Who followed at a distance (v. 57-58)? (See also John 18:15-16.)




41. Two false witnesses came forward. What did they testify that they heard Jesus say? Did Jesus ever say that (vv. 60-61)? (See Matthew 27:40, Mark 14:58, 15:29, John 2:19, and Acts 6:14.)




42. Caiaphas, the high priest from AD 18 to 36 and son–in–law to Annas (John 18:13), arose and asked Jesus, "Do You answer nothing? What is it these men testify against You?" But Jesus kept silent (v. 63) Why did Jesus keep silent when being accused? (See Isaiah 53:7)




43. Caiaphas, put Jesus "under oath by the living God." What did he tell Jesus to answer under oath (v. 63)?




44. How did Jesus answer Caiaphas (v. 64)? How did Caiaphas respond to Jesus' answer (v. 65)?




45. Based upon Jesus' response to Caiaphas, what did the chief priests, the elders, and all the council determine (v. 66)? What did they do to Jesus once they determined this (v. 67-68)?




Three Denials of Peter - Read Matthew 26:69-75
46. Peter was sitting in the courtyard of the high priest's home. What was he doing there (Luke 22:55)? Who approached Peter, (Mark 14:66) and what did they accuse him of (v. 69)? (See also Luke 22:56.)




47. How did Peter respond to the accusation (v. 70)?




48. Peter left his accusers in the courtyard. Where did he go? Who did he see there (Mark 14:69) and what did they accuse him of (v. 71)?




49. How did Peter respond to that second accusation (v. 72)? How was it different from his first response?




50. About an hour later (Luke 22:59), Peter received a third accusation. How was that accusation different from the first two (v. 73)? Who made the third accusation (John 18:26)?




51. How did Peter respond to their third accusation (v. 74)? How was it different from his first two responses?




52. What happened immediately after Peter denied knowing Jesus the third time (v. 74)? What did Peter remember (v. 75)? What was Peter's response to what he had done and what he had remembered?

DETAILED NOTES

  1. Introduction
    1. Great battles
      1. Carchemish
        1. 605 BC
        2. Egyptians and Syrians v. Babylonians
        3. Changed history
      2. Milvian Bridge
        1. Constantine defeated Maxentius
        2. Supposed he saw a cross; encouraged troops
      3. Waterloo (Napoleon)
      4. World War I
      5. World War II
      6. Armageddon
        1. Future
        2. Mother of all battles
    2. Every battle includes choices which impact the outcome
      1. Garden of Eden
        1. Adam made the choice
        2. Battle lost
      2. Garden of Gethsemane
        1. Jesus made choice to surrender to the Father's will
        2. Won the battle for us
    3. Scene
      1. Jesus and disciples (sans Judas)
        1. Left Upper city of Jerusalem
        2. Walk east through the Kidron Valley
        3. Ascend Mount of Olives
      2. Gardens
        1. Bible begins in a garden
          1. Humanity begins there
          2. Sin enters the garden
        2. Garden city
          1. New Jerusalem
          2. Future home
          3. Sin has been eradicated
        3. Garden of Eden
          1. Adam there
          2. Life began
          3. Sin began
          4. Adam hid
        4. Garden of Gethsemane
          1. Second Adam
            1. Jesus
            2. Last Adam (see 1 Corinthians 15:45)
          2. Won the battle
          3. Overcame sin
          4. Presented Himself openly to do the Father's will
      3. Darkness
        1. Night
          1. "It was night" (John 13:30)
          2. Full moon; Passover
        2. Spiritual darkness
          1. "But this is your hour, and the power of darkness." (Luke 22:53)
          2. Jesus impending death looms
        3. "Opportune Time"  (Luke 4:13)
          1. Satan had left Jesus after the wilderness temptation
          2. Caesarea Philippi
            1. Jesus predicted the cross
            2. Peter objected (even God's own people can speak Satan's words)
            3. "Get behind me, Satan!" (Matthew 16:23)
          3. Here in the Garden of Gethsemane
  2. Jesus predicts the disciples will scatter
    1. "Strike the Shepherd, and the sheep will be scattered" (Zechariah 13:7)
      1. Written about Jesus
      2. Speaks of His death
    2. "But after I have been raised, I will go before you to Galilee" (v. 32)
      1. Speaks of His resurrection
      2. Watch for each other
    3. Jesus knows we scare easily and are prone to scattering
      1. We run and hide like Adam did
      2. He won't let us go
    4. Peter professed He wouldn't stumble
      1. Jesus knew he would
      2. Jesus knew Peter better than he knew himself
  3. Gethsemane
    1. Church of all nations (close to the original Garden
    2. Olive press
      1. גַּת; gath - press
      2. שָׁ֫מֶן; shemen - oil
      3. Olives grown and pressed there
        1. Large stone, lower stone
        2. Upper stone revolved and crushed olives
        3. Oil formed in the flowed in the channel and collected
        4. Value of the olive came with the crushing of the olive
    3. Jesus crushed for us
      1. "But He was wounded for our transgressions, He was bruised for our iniquities; the chastisement for our peace was upon Him, and by His stripes we are healed." (Isaiah 53:5)
      2. Oil is emblem of the Holy Spirit
      3. "For He made Him who knew no sin to be sin for us, that we might become the righteousness of God in Him." (2 Corinthians 5:21)
      4. Jesus crushed, the Holy Spirit dispatched, filling His people
      5. Salvation by grace alone, through faith alone in Jesus Christ
        1. "Cheap grace" coined  by Dietrich Bonheoffer
        2. Not cheap grace: free for us, but it cost Jesus everything
    4. We all have a Gethsemane
      1. Hate to be crushed
      2. Hate the weight of trial
      3. Psalm 23
        1. We love Psalm 23:1-3: "The Lord is my shepherd; I shall not want. He makes me to lie down in green pastures; He leads me beside the still waters. He restores my soul; He leads me in the paths of righteousness for His name's sake."
        2. We don't like Psalm 23:4: " Yea, though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil;"
          1. We prefer being air lifted from mountain top to mountain top
          2. Must have a battle to win a victory
        3. Middle Eastern shepherds lead sheep to valleys
          1. Greenest pastures
          2. Wadis: arroyos, where water is
          3. Sheep timid to go there
          4. Shepherds must prompt them to go down
        4. Christians who suffer discover richest times of fellowship
    5. Jesus brought Peter, James, and John
      1. The inner circle
      2. Jesus brought them away on three occasions
        1. Jesus raised Jairus's  daughter (ἀρχισυνάγωγος; archisunagógos - leader of the synagogue)
        2. Transfiguration: "Who appeared in glory and spoke of His decease" (Luke 9:31)
        3. Garden of Gethsemane
      3. Common denominator: death
        1. Jesus conquered death in Jairus's home
        2. Jesus would be glorified through death (the Transfiguration)
        3. Jesus surrendered to death in the Garden of Gethsemane
      4. The deaths of those in the inner circle
        1. James: the first apostle martyred
        2. John: The last apostle killed
        3. Peter: crucified upside-down
  4. Prayer in the Garden
    1. Jesus prays, "Let this cup pass"
      1. Made that request twice
      2. If there is any other way for man to be saved, let it be!
        1. Not nice, sincere, religious
        2. There is no other way mankind can approach God
      3. Cup
        1. Most commentators call this the cup of suffering
        2. Cup of judgment: Most typically speaks of God's wrath against sin
          1. "The cup of the wine of the fierceness of His wrath." (Revelation 16:19)
          2. "Therefore please hear this, you afflicted, and drunk but not with wine. Thus says your Lord, The Lord and your God, Who pleads the cause of His people: "See, I have taken out of your hand the cup of trembling, the dregs of the cup of My fury; You shall no longer drink it. But I will put it into the hand of those who afflict you." (Isaiah 51:21-23)
          3. "For thus says the Lord God of Israel to me: 'Take this wine cup of fury from My hand, and cause all the nations, to whom I send you, to drink it. And they will drink and stagger and go mad because of the sword that I will send among them.' Then I took the cup from the Lord's hand, and made all the nations drink, to whom the Lord had sent me:" (Jeremiah 25:15-17)
        3. Jesus bore the sins of the world: took all the punishment for sin
          1. "'Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani?' that is, 'My God, My God, why have You forsaken Me?'" (Matthew 27:46)
          2. His fellowship with the Father ended: God can't have fellowship with sin
          3. Some know what it feels to be abandoned, but not by God
          4. "For He Himself has said, 'I will never leave you nor forsake you.'" (Hebrews 13:5)
          5. Jesus was cut off, for that time
        4. He could have bailed out, but he willingly surrendered
    2. Disciples sleep
      1. Men of flesh and bone
      2. Peter's Denial
        1. Overconfidence
        2. Sleeping when He should be praying
      3. When to prayer, our eyes get heavy
        1. Enemy knows there is power in prayer and profit in study
        2. Walk and pray out loud to avoid being easily distracted
      4. While they are sleeping, Jesus' enemies are plotting
        1. Meetings in hell to wreak havoc
        2. "For we do not wrestle against flesh and blood, but against principalities, against powers, against the rulers of the darkness of this age, against spiritual hosts of wickedness in the heavenly places." (Ephesians 6:12)
        3. Some battles are won on our knees in prayer
  5. Betrayal and Arrest
    1. Great multitude
      1. Detachment of troops (see John 18:3)
        1. Roman cohort: 600 men
        2. 1/10 of a legion
        3. σπεῖραν; speiran - cohort could be 200 men
      2. Like a SWAT team crashing a prayer meeting
      3. Judas didn't know Jesus well
        1. Thought he'd run
        2. Maybe do a miracle
        3. It would take lots of people to stop Him
    2. Judas gave a sign
      1. Jesus looked like other Jewish men
      2. Kiss
      3. Frienemy: pretend to be a friend, really an enemy
      4. יְהוּדָה' Yehudah- praise
      5. Jesus called him "son of perdition" waste
      6. Everything Judas touched, he defiled
        1. The disciples were defiled by his presence
        2. Mary was defiled by him when she anointed Jesus
        3. This prayer meeting
    3. Simon Peter attacks a guard (see John 18:10)
      1. Peter impulsive; took matters into his own hands
      2. "Far be it from me;" trying to prove himself right
      3. Probably trying to cut of the soldier's head
    4. Jesus healed Malchus
      1. Last recorded miracle before Jesus' death and resurrection
      2. Healed a man suffering as a result of a foolish disciple taking his sword out
      3. Jesus' disciples pull out the sword of the Spirit (God's Word) and hurt people in the name of Jesus
        1. Defending Jesus
        2. Use the Bible to cut people down
    5. Jesus could have called 12 legions of angels
      1. One legion is 6000
      2. 12 legions is 72,000
      3. One angel killed 185,000 Assyrians
      4. Two angels destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah
      5. "The Bible is like a lion, it needs no defense; let it out of its cage, and it will defend itself."—Charles Spurgeon
    6. Peter followed at a distance: self preservation
  6. Jesus on trial
    1. Before Caiaphas
      1. First trial before Annas; the previous High Priest
      2. Normally in that position until death
      3. Annas placed by the Romans in AD 6; deposed in AD 15
      4. Religious leaders pawns of the Roman government
      5. Caiaphas replaced Annas
      6. People looked at Annas as the leader: more authority, power
    2. Annas' four sons in charge of inspecting the sacrificial lambs in the temple
      1. Money changers
      2. Jesus overturned tables and drove them out
      3. Beginning and end of His ministry
    3. Jesus' six separate trials
      1. Three before Jewish authorities
        1. Before Annas
        2. Before Caiaphas
        3. Before the Sanhedrin
      2. Three before Roman authorities
        1. Pontius Pilate
        2. Herod
        3. Pontius Pilate
    4. False witnesses testify
      1. " You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor" (Exodus 20:16)
      2. Gave the right information with the wrong implication
    5. Jesus claimed to be the Messiah, the Son of God
      1. High priest tore his garment
      2. High priest accused Him of blasphemy
    6. Mishnah: 18 Rules for Sanhedrin in trials of capital cases
      1. Never a trial at night; they tried Jesus at night
      2. Never question a prisoner directly
        1. Self-incrimination
        2. Precursor to the Fifth Amendment
        3. Jesus was directly questioned
      3. Two or three witnesses; brought in false witnesses
      4. No trials during festivals; Passover
      5. Fixed trial
      6. "If you can't get a lawyer who knows the law, get one who knows the judge."
  7. Peter's denial
    1. Three times
      1. "I do not know what you are saying." (v. 70)
      2. "I do not know the Man!" (v. 72)
      3. "He began to curse and swear, saying, 'I do not know the Man!'" (v. 74)
        1. His Speech betrayed him
        2. Had a Galilean accent
        3. Curse: damned and killed if not telling the truth
    2. Self preservation
    3. Recorded in all four gospels
      1. Gospel writers selective
      2. Holy Spirit doesn’t want us to miss
    4. Downward Steps
      1. Self confidence/over confidence
        1. "I'll never leave you"
        2. Complimented
      2. Slacked off in His devotional life: sleeping when he should have been praying
      3. Tried to cover up guilt with feverish service
      4. Ashamed of Jesus Christ
    5. Parallel to Psalm 1:1
      1. He walked into the courtyard of Caiaphas's house
      2. He stood when he lingered by the fire
      3. He sat when he cursed and swore
    6. Three times
      1. Boasted he wouldn't deny Christ
      2. Fell asleep
      3. Denied the Lord
      4. Affirmed his love for Jesus (after the resurrection)
    7. Peter's darkest moment will soon be eclipsed by his brightest day
      1. Jesus' resurrection
      2. Jesus first sermon to Simon Peter
    8. Jesus predicted Peter would deny Him
      1. Didn't surprise Jesus
      2. Surprised Peter
      3. When you fail the Lord, he knows it and is ready to receive you
      4. Disappointment with self means you trusted in yourself
    9. Three stages of Peter's life
      1. Before the fire
      2. Under fire
      3. On fire: restored and re-commissioned

Hebrew terms: גַּת; gath - press; שָׁ֫מֶן; shemen - oil; יְהוּדָה' Yehudah- praise
Greek terms: ἀρχισυνάγωγος; archisunagógos - leader of the synagogue; σπεῖραν; speiran - cohort
Figures referenced: Dietrich Bonheoffer; Charles Spurgeon
Cross references: Exodus 20:16; Psalm 1:1; Psalm 23:1-4; Isaiah 51:21-23; Isaiah 53:5; Jeremiah 25:15-17; Zechariah 13:7; Matthew 16:23; Matthew 27:46; Luke 4:13; Luke 9:31; Luke 22:53; John 13:30; John 18:3; John 18:10; 1 Corinthians 15:45; 2 Corinthians 5:21; Ephesians 6:12; Hebrews 13:5; Revelation 16:19

Topic: Trials of Jesus

Keywords: Garden of Gethsemane, Pilate, Annas, denial, choices, Judas, betray

 


 

SERIES: 40 Matthew - 2011
MESSAGE: Matthew 27:1-50
SPEAKER: Skip Heitzig
SCRIPTURE: Matthew 27:1-50
URL: http://SkipHeitzig.com/2364

MESSAGE SUMMARY
In this message, we see the ultimate demonstration of God's love—the cross. Jesus, the King of the Jews, was betrayed, falsely accused, illegally tried, scourged, and ultimately crucified. As we consider the details of His crucifixion and death, how could we be anything except amazed and humbled?

STUDY GUIDE
Matthew 27

And about the ninth hour Jesus cried out with a loud voice, saying, “Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani?” that is, “My God, My God, why have You forsaken Me?” Matthew 27:46

PREVIEW: In Matthew 27, Jesus is brought and tried before Pilate who gives into the shouts of the crowd and sends Him off to be crucified.

Matthew 27 Outline:
Jesus is Delivered to Pilate - Read Matthew 27:1-2
Judas Repents - Read Matthew 27:3-10
Jesus is Examined - Read Matthew 27:11-14
Barabbas is Freed - Read Matthew 27:15-25
Jesus is Scourged - Read Matthew 27:26-28
Jesus is Lead to Golgotha - Read Matthew 27:29-34
Jesus is Crucified - Read Matthew 27:35-44
Jesus Dies - Read Matthew 27:45-50
Signs Accompanying Jesus’ Death - Read Matthew 27:51-56
Jesus is Buried - Read Matthew 27:57-66
Jesus is Delivered to Pilate - Read Matthew 27:1-2

1. Jesus spent a long night in the Garden of Gethsemane praying, then He was taken to Caiaphas the high priest to be tried. The rooster had crowed and morning had come. After having spat in Jesus’ face and striking him with the palms of their hands (Matthew 26:67), what did the chief priests and elders plot to do to Him (v. 1)?


2. What did the chief priests and elders do to Jesus? Where did they take Him (v. 2)? (See also Matthew 20:17-19.)


Judas Repents - Read Matthew 27:3-10
3. Once he saw Jesus was condemned, Judas had a change of heart. How did Judas feel? To whom did he go and what did he say and do (vv. 3-4)?


4. When Judas realized the outcome of his betrayal, he was filled with remorse and went back to the officials to return the money they paid him (v. 3). The chief priests did not renege on their agreement with him. What did Judas do after he realized the consequences of his actions (v. 5)?


5. Although Judas was remorseful and turned from his evil way (repented), he didn’t turn to God for forgiveness. What was the end of Judas Iscariot? (See Acts 1:16-19.)


6. What does worldly sorrow (sorrow that doesn’t cause repentance and turning to God) lead to? What does godly sorry lead to? (See 2 Corinthians 7:9-10)

7. What did the chief priest purchase with the money Judas returned to them (vv. 6-7)?


8. How was the item the chief priests purchased referred to and why (vv. 8-10)? (See also Acts 1:18-19 and Zechariah 11:12-13.)



Jesus is Examined - Read Matthew 27:11-14
9. The chief priests delivered Jesus to Pontius Pilate the governor in the Praetorium to be judged by him. Why didn’t the chief priests go into the Praetorium themselves? (See John 18:28)



10. What did Pilate ask Jesus? How did Jesus answer Pilate (v. 11)?



11. The chief priests and elders brought many accusations against Jesus while He was before Pilate (v. 12). How did Jesus respond to their accusations? (See also Isaiah 53:7 and Psalm 38:13.)


12. How did Pilate respond to this situation (vv. 13-14)?




13. What other dialogue did Jesus have with Pilate? (See John 18:28-38)



14. What was Pilate’s conclusion about Jesus? (See John 18:38, 19:4-6)



Barabbas is Freed - Read Matthew 27:15-25
15. Barabbas’ full name was Jesus Barabbas. The name “Barabbas” or “Bar Abba” means “son of the father.” From other gospel accounts (see Mark 15:7 and Luke 23:19), we know Barabbas was an insurrectionist and a murderer. What word is used to describe Barabbas (v.16)?



16. Pilate recognized the motive behind the chief priests and elders accusations. What was their motive (v. 18)?



17. Origen's 2nd century Homilies on Matthew suggest that Pilate’s wife, Claudia Procula, became a Christian. What did she warn Pilate about and why (v. 19)?



18. What did the chief priests and elders persuade the multitudes to do (v. 20)? Why?



19. Pilate asked a question that has become famous. What was his question (v. 22)? His question is one that we must all answer. How do you personally answer the question Pilate asked?



20. The chief priests and elders had the crowd crying out to crucify Jesus (vv. 22-23) and Pilate saw that he could not prevail. What caused Pilate to believe he could not prevail in setting Jesus free? (See Luke 23:23.)



Jesus is Scourged - Read Matthew 27:26-28
21. What did Pilate have done to Jesus before delivering Him to be crucified (v. 26)? (See John 19:1-16 for details; see also Isaiah 50:6.)



22. What did Pilate's soldiers do to Jesus (vv. 27-28)? (See Isaiah 52:14)



Jesus is Lead to Golgotha - Read Matthew 27:29-34
23. The soldiers mocked Jesus. What did they do to mock Him (vv. 29-31)?



24. Weakened from the scourging and beatings, Jesus could no longer carry the cross Himself. Who did the soldiers compel to carry the cross (v. 32)? (See also Mark 15:21 and Romans 16:13.)



25. Jesus was taken to a place called Golgotha. What does that name mean (v. 33)?



26. What was Jesus given to drink (v. 34)? Why do you think He didn’t drink it?


Jesus is Crucified - Read Matthew 27:35-44
27. Once Jesus was on the cross, the soldiers put the accusation up over His head. What did the accusation say? (See also John 19:19-22)



28. What did those who passed by Jesus on the cross do to Him (v. 39)? What did they say and why (v. 40)? (See Matthew 26:61 and John 2:19.)



29. What did the chief priests and elders do and say to Jesus on the cross (vv. 41-43)?



30. What did the robbers who were crucified with Jesus do and say to Him on the cross (v. 44)?



Jesus Dies - Read Matthew 27:45-50
31. About the ninth hour Jesus cried out. What did He cry out (v. 46)? (See also Psalm 22:1.)



32. Jesus usually referred to God as “Father” (see John 17:1). Here he refers to Him as “My God.” Why? (See Habakkuk 1:13 and 2 Corinthians 5:21.)



33. Jesus cried out one last time (v. 50). What did he cry out? (See Luke 23:46 and John 19:30.)



34. Jesus, “yielded up His spirit,” He surrendered His spirit of His own free will. In John 10:17-18, what did Jesus say about giving up His life?



Signs Accompanying Jesus’ Death - Read Matthew 27:51-56
35. What were some of the signs seen at Jesus’ death and resurrection (vv. 51-53)?




36. One of the signs accompanying Jesus’ death was an object which had significant meaning. What was that object (v. 51) and what was its significant meaning? (See Hebrews 10:20.)



37. The centurion and those with him guarding Jesus saw these signs and made an amazing proclamation. What was their proclamation (v. 54)? (See also Mark 15:39 and Luke 23:47.)



Jesus is Buried - Read Matthew 27:57-66
38. When evening came, a rich man also came. Who was this rich man and why did he come (vv. 57-58)?



39. Who accompanied this rich man (see John 19:39) and what did they do (vv. 59-60)?



40. The chief priests and Pharisees gathered together to Pilate (v. 62). What did they remember (v. 63)? What did they want Pilate to do (v. 64)?


41. How did Pilate answer their request (v. 65)?



42. What did the chief priests and Pharisees do (v. 66)?



DETAILED NOTES

  1. Introduction
    1. The cross
      1. Ultimate demonstration of God's love
      2. Proclaimed the King of the Jews only days before
      3. All would soon understand He was a Savior first
      4. Crucifixion prearranged by God
    2. The chief priest and leaders plotted to kill Jesus
      1. Jews were forbidden by Rome to put anyone to death
      2. They would sometimes stone people to death (Stephen, woman caught in sin)
      3. The Bible predicts He will die on the cross, not by stoning
  2. Jesus Accused
    1. The multitude led Him to Pilate and accused Him
      1. Perverting the nation
      2. Forbidding the people to pay taxes
      3. Claims He is Christ the King
        1. The only accusation that was true
        2. He said it to the Sanhedrin and to Pontius Pilate
    2. He is the King of a spiritual kingdom
      1. People invite Him to be king of their heart
      2. He will rule eternally
      3. He will rule with love
      4. His rule is filled with hope
    3. Pontius Pilate
      1. Governor
      2. Procurator of southern province of Judah
      3. Headquarters by the sea
      4. During Jewish pilgrimages the governor and his soldiers were stationed in Jerusalem to keep the peace
  3. Judas the Betrayer
    1. Remorseful – realized Jesus was innocent
    2. Brought back the 30 pieces of silver
    3. The money was used to by the potter's field (field of blood)
    4. Hung himself
    5. Apparent Bible contradiction
      1. Hung himself
      2. Fell and spilled his guts (see Acts 1)
      3. Two stories that compliment, not contradict
    6. Divine, poetic justice (see Deuteronomy 19:15-19)
    7. Corollary between Judas and Peter
      1. Both were called the devil
        1. Peter (see Matthew 16:21-23)
        2. Judas (see John 6:70)
      2. Predicted both of them would fall
        1. Peter would deny Jesus (see Matthew 26:34)
        2. Judas would betray Jesus (see Matthew 26:23)
      3. Jesus tried to help them both
        1. Jesus looked at Peter after the cock crowed (see Luke 22:60)
        2. Jesus looked at Judas, "Friend, why have you come?" (Matthew 26:50)
    8. The corollary ends
      1. Peter repented (godly sorrow)
      2. Judas was just remorseful  (sorrow of the world)
        1. Sorry that it happened
        2. Sorry that he felt bad
        3. Sorry that he got into this situation
        4. No real repentance
    9. Purchase of potter's field
      1. Predicted by Jeremiah the prophet (see Zechariah 11:13)
      2. Contradiction—Prophecy was from Zechariah not Jeremiah
        1. Talmudic tradition— Old Testament divided into three
          1. Law
          2. Prophets
          3. Writing
        2. Jeremiah was the first in the list of prophets
  4. Jesus Tried
    1. Are You the King of the Jews?
      1. Emphasis on the word "You"
      2. Pontius wasn't expecting a man covered in blood, a peasant
      3. Jesus says yes (see Matthew 27:11)
        1. Not a political king (see John 18:36)
        2. A spiritual king
          1. Rule and reign in your heart
          2. Rule over you
          3. What is a Christian, really?
            1. Not as I will
            2. Someone who has allowed God to rule and reign in their life
        3. Eventually He will be a political, worldwide, ruling king (see Revelation 11:16)
    2. Jesus answered nothing
      1. Pilate was blown away
      2. Θαυμάζω; thaumazó – marveled greatly
      3. "He opened not is mouth" (Isaiah 53:7)
      4. Criminals usually proclaim their innocence
    3. Pontius Pilate
      1. Not Roman, from Spain
      2. Fifth governor of Judea
      3. Given post in AD 26 by Tiberius and occupied for ten years
      4. Joined the Roman army
      5. He married Claudia Procula, granddaughter of Augustus Caesar
      6. Bible portrays him as a weak, selfish, and arrogant man
    4. Barabbas
      1. At the feast it was customary to release one prisoner
      2. A Roman citizen could not be crucified
      3. People given the choice to release Barabbas or Jesus
        1. Barabbas' name
          1. Jesus Barabbas – son of a father
          2.  Jesus – son of the Father
        2. People chose Barabbas
      4. What to do with Jesus? Crucify him!
      5. The Judge and the Accused
        1. Jesus and Pontius Pilate
        2. One who is judged and one who is being judged
        3. Pontius is the one really being judged?
      6. "What then will I do with Jesus who is called the Christ?"
      7. Pilate could not prevail, a tumult arose
      8. Washes his hands
      9. Release of Barabbas
      10. Jesus scourged and delivered to be crucified
    5. His blood be on us and our children
      1. Pilate washes his hands "I am innocent of the blood of this innocent man"
      2. The crowd said, "His blood be on us and our children"
        1. Peter and apostles arrested for preaching (see Acts 5)
        2. Chief priest, "You're trying to bring His blood on us and our children" (Acts 5:28)
  5. Jesus scourged and crucified
    1. Three levels of flogging
      1. Fustigatio – less severe, warning
      2.   Flagellatio – brutal flogging
      3. Verberatio – terrible, associated with crucifixion
        1. Hands raised above head, sometimes dangling
        2. Two lictors, men with whips
        3. Leather thongs with bone, metal or glass in the tips
        4. Tear the skin
        5. Diagonal blows across the back
        6. Many victims died from the flogging
        7. Lictors took out anxiety and frustrations on the victim
        8. Skin so lacerated sometimes great vessels and organs exposed (Eusebius – church historian)
    2. Jesus delivered to be crucified
      1. Soldiers took Jesus and mocked him in the Praetorium (King's game)
        1. Gather whole garrison (600 men)
        2. Stripped Him and put a scarlet robe on Him
        3. Twisted a crown of thorns, put it on His head
        4. Put a reed in His hand
        5. Bowed before Him
        6. "Hail, King of the Jews!"
        7. Spat on Him
        8. Struck Him (Hot Hand game)
        9. Put His own clothes back on Him
      2. Led Jesus away to be crucified
        1. Man of Cyrene, Simon, bears Jesus' cross to Golgotha
        2. Gave Him sour wine mingled with gall to drink
        3. Tasted and did not drink
        4. Crucified Him
        5. Divided and cast lots for his garments, fulfillment of prophecy (see Psalm 22:18)
        6. Golgotha
          1. The place of the skull
          2. גֻּלְגֹּ֫לֶת; gulgoleth -skull
          3. κρανίον; kranion  –  skull
          4. Rock escarpment looked like a skull
          5. Not on top of hill; flat, level ground right in front of hill
          6. Along a road to warn people not to mess with the Roman government
        7. Posted accusation: "This is Jesus, King of the Jews"
        8. Two robbers crucified on either side of Him
    3. The origins of crucifixion
      1. Not invented by the Romans
      2. Invented by the Persians years before
      3. Persians, Carthaginians, and another group long before the Romans
      4. Romans adopted it and used it for capital punishment
      5. It delayed death for hours and usually days
        1. Maximum torture inflicted before death
        2. Sometimes a vertical stake; sometimes a stake with a horizontal cross beam with a sign placed above the horizontal beam
        3. Cross beam weighed about 75 – 100 lbs.
        4. Jesus unable to carry due to His wounds, loss of blood, and lack of sleep
      6. So brutal people usually die of asphyxiation
        1. Spikes through the wrist, not the hand
        2. Weight of the body taken by the wrists
        3. Spike through the  heel with the feet to the side
        4. Unusual, twisted position
        5. Only way to get breath was to raise up on the spike through the heel
        6. Legs often broken in order to relieve the tension
        7. Jesus died earlier than expected and His legs were not broken
        8. Legs of the criminals broken
    4. Passersby and chief priests mock Jesus (v. 39)
      1. Blasphemed Him
      2. Chief priests admitted He saved others but said He could not save Himself
        1. "If He comes down from the cross we'll believe in Him" (v. 42)
          1. If He were to come down, He wouldn't save others
          2. Because He didn't come down, He bore our sin
        2. Since He didn't come down from the cross, we believe in Him
        3. God the Father treated Jesus Christ like we deserve to be treated; so that God could treat you and I like Jesus deserves to be treated (see 2 Corinthians 5:21)
        4. Robbers mocked Him also
    5. Darkness over all the land for three hours at Jesus' death, noon to 3 pm
      1. Not a sandstorm
      2. Not a local eclipse
      3. It was something supernatural
      4. Origen and Tertullian reference the darkness
      5. Historical letter from Pontius Pilate to Tiberius Caesar hinting that that darkness was worldwide
      6. Why darkness
        1. High priest at Yom Kippur in darkness and secrecy sprinkles the blood (Old Testament)
        2. Jesus presents His blood before the Father
        3. A darkness of wickedness—the world was extinguishing the light of the world
        4. A darkness of judgment
          1. Babylonian Talmud – God reserves darkness to punish someone for an unusual sin
          2. Ninth plague in Egypt – darkness over all the land for three days
          3. Fifth bowl judgment in Revelation
    6. Jesus cries out
      1. "My God, My God, why have you forsaken me?"
      2. Martin Luther meditated in seclusion and still did not get it
      3. Why would the Father allow the Son to be so forsaken?
      4. God the Father broke fellowship with the Son (see Isaiah 53)
      5. Jesus never experienced this kind of abandonment before
        1. Disciples sleep
        2. Peter denied Him
        3. Eventually all the people left Him
      6. Fulfills Psalm 22:1
      7. Sour wine offered
      8. With a loud voice, yielded up His spirit

Hebrew terms: נְבִיאִ֔ים; nebiim – prophets; גֻּלְגֹּ֫לֶת; gulgoleth -skull
Greek terms: Θαυμάζω; thaumazó – marveled greatly, κρανίον; kranion  –  skull
Figures referenced: Eusebius, Origen, Tertullian, Tiberius Caesar
Cross references: Deuteronomy 19:15-19; Psalm 22:1; Psalm 22:18; Isaiah 53:7; Zechariah 11:13; Matthew 16:21-23; Matthew 26:23; Matthew 26:34; Matthew 26:50; Luke 22:60; John 6:70; John 18:36; Acts 1; Acts 5:28; 2 Corinthians 5:21; Revelation 11:16

 


 

SERIES: 40 Matthew - 2011
MESSAGE: Matthew 27:50-66
SPEAKER: Skip Heitzig
SCRIPTURE: Matthew 27:50-66
URL: http://SkipHeitzig.com/2401

MESSAGE SUMMARY
As He hung on the cross, betrayed by his friends and separated from His Father, Jesus declared "It is finished!" Victorious, not defeated—He completed the work the Father gave Him to do. In that dark hour, the grave gave up some of her dead, the earth quaked, and in the temple, the curtain that separated men from God was torn from top to bottom. As we study this text, let's consider the price Jesus paid to redeem us and the personal, intimate fellowship with God now available.

STUDY GUIDE
Matthew 28
"He is not here; for He is risen, as He said. Come, see the place where the Lord lay" (Matthew 28:6).

PREVIEW: In Matthew 28, Jesus rises from the dead, appears to some women and His disciples, and gives the Great Commission.


Matthew 27 Outline:
The Empty Tomb - Read Matthew 28:1-8
The Appearance of Jesus to the Women - Read Matthew 28:9-10
The Bribery of the Soldiers - Read Matthew 28:11-15
The Appearance of Jesus to the Disciples - Read Matthew 28:16-17
The Great Commission - Read Matthew 28:18-20


The Empty Tomb - Read Matthew 28:1-8
1. After the Sabbath, as the first day of the week began to dawn, who went to see the tomb? Who were these people? (See also Matthew 27:56, Mark 15:40, 16:1,9, and Luke 24:10.)




2. What day of the week is the first day of the week (v. 1)? (See also Acts 20:7.)




3. What were those approaching the tomb concerned about? (See Mark 16:2-3.)




4. What did those approaching the tomb discover? (See Mark 16:4.)





5. What did those approaching the tomb not discover? (See Luke 24:3.) Who and what did they discover (vv. 2-3)? (See also Mark 16:5 and Luke 24:4.)




6. What became of the guards who were sent to make the tomb “as secure as you know how” (v. 4)? (See also Matthew 27:65.)




7. What did the angel answer and say to the women (v. 5)? What did the angel know they were seeking? What did the angel tell them about what they were seeking (v. 6)? What did the angel tell them to go see?




8. What did the angel tell the women to go and do (v. 7)?





9. Why was it important for the women to “come and see” the empty tomb before they would “go and tell” the disciples that Jesus is risen?




The Appearance of Jesus to the Women - Read Matthew 28:9-10
10. As the women went to tell His disciples, who met them (v. 9)? (See also Mark 16:9 and John 20:14-18.)




11. What was the response of the women when they were met (v. 9)?




12. What instructions were the women given (v. 10)?




13. Why do you think Jesus referred to His disciples as “My brethren” (v. 10)? (See also Psalm 22:22, John 15:15, Romans 8:29, and Hebrews 2:11.)




The Bribery of the Soldiers - Read Matthew 28:11-15
14. Some of the guard reported to the chief priests all the things that had happened (see Matthew 27:65). What arrangement did the chief priests and elders make with the guard (vv. 11-13)?





15. What would the chief priests and elders do if the governor were to hear of this situation (v. 14)? How do you think they would do this?




16. What was the soldiers’ response to the chief priests and elders’ arrangement (v. 15)? What was the result of this arrangement?




The Appearance of Jesus to the Disciples - Read Matthew 28:16-17
17. The eleven disciples went away to their scheduled appointment. With whom were they scheduled to meet (v. 16)?




18. The eleven disciples had a scheduled appointment. Where was their appointment (v. 16)? (See also Matthew 26:32.) Why do you think their scheduled appointment was in that place?




19. What did all of the eleven disciples do during their appointment (v. 17)?




20. What did some of the eleven disciples do during their appointment (v. 17)?




The Great Commission - Read Matthew 28:18-20
21. Jesus came to His eleven disciples and told them that “all authority has been given to Me in Heaven and on earth” (v. 18). What does that mean? (See Daniel 7:13-14, Matthew 11:27, John 3:35, Acts 2:36, Romans 14:9, 1 Corinthians 15:27, Ephesians 1:10, Philippians 2:9-10, Hebrews 1:2, and 1 Peter 3:22.)




22. The first part of the Great Commission is to “Go therefore” (v. 19). Where were the disciples to go? (See also Mark 16:15 and Acts 1:8.)





23. The second part of the Great Commission is to “make disciples” (v. 19). What is a disciple? (See Luke 24:47, Acts 2:38-39, and Romans 10:14-21.)




24. The third part of the Great Commission is to baptize (v. 19). How are disciples to baptize? (See also John 1:12, Ephesians 1:5, Romans 8:14-17, 2 Corinthians 6:18, Galatians 4:5-6, Hebrews 12:5-8, 1 John 3:1, and Revelation 21:7.)




25. The next part of the Great Commission is teaching. What were the disciples commissioned to teach the new disciples whom they baptized (v. 20)?




26. Why is teaching new disciples this so important? (See John 14:15, 21, 23-24, 15:14, and 1 John 2:3-5, 5:3.)




27. The final part of the Great Commission is a promise from Jesus (v. 20). What is that promise? How does He fulfill that promise? (See Hebrews 13:5, 1 John 3:24, 4:13, Ephesian 1:13-14, 2 Corinthians 1:21-22, 5:5, 13:5, and Romans 8:9, 8:16.)








DETAILED NOTES

  1. Introduction
    1. Communion, the Lord's Supper
      1. Longed to share the Passover meal with them (see Luke 24:15)
      2. Time of fellowship and intimacy
      3. Eat with them
      4. Meal spoke prophetically what He would soon fulfill on the cross
    2. Death by crucifixion
      1. Designed to exact great amount pain
      2. Delay death
      3. Romans did not invent, but used it to kill their worst criminals
      4. Persians invented because they believed "Mother Earth" to be holy
      5. Reserved for slaves, not for Roman citizens
        1. Murder
        2. Armed robbery
        3. Revolutionary
        4. Paul, a Roman citizen
        5. "To bind a Roman citizen is a crime, to flog him is an abomination, to slay him is almost an act of murder, to crucify him is...what? There is no fitting word that can possibly describe so horrible a deed."— Roman philosopher Cicero
      6. Human perspective vs. Divine perspective
        1. "My God, My God!" (see Matthew 27:46)
        2. He was forsaken by man
        3. Never before had God left His side
          1. Three hours of relational and spiritual separation
          2. All of the sin of mankind placed on Him
        4. Most sobering thought, He did it for me and you personally
          1. Paul said, "I am crucified with Christ" (see Galatians 2:20)
          2. Hope you enter into it personally, relationally
          3. I asked Jesus how much He loved me...and He stretched out His arms and died
      7. Who is responsible?
        1. Judas (see Acts 1:25)
        2. Pontius Pilate
        3. Roman soldiers
        4. Chief Priests, Sanhedrin, Jews (see Acts 3:14-15)
        5. Ourselves "I am responsible" (see Matthew 20:28, John 3:16)
        6. God the Father
          1. His plan
          2. Not an accident
          3. Predicted (see Isaiah 53:10)
          4. Peter understood this (see Acts 2:23)
          5. Gave His Son
    3. He took on our sin so you and I could have life
      1. I don't have to suffer punishment, purgatory
      2. His payment was enough
      3. He took my place, paid my debt
        1. I owed a debt I could not pay; He paid a debt He did not owe
        2. Forgot wallet at restaurant
        3. Income tax
      4. He took your sin because He took your place–vicarious atonement
        1. Lion King movie
        2. God the Father had his Son die that we might live
  2. Jesus' death
    1. He said, "It is finished!" (see John 19:30)
      1. Greek: Τετέλεσται; tetelestai – it has been finished
      2. The debt is paid in full
      3. Painting complete
      4. The task has been finished
      5. He had done all that the master had commanded Him to do
      6. A cry of victory, not defeat
      7. The Old Testament is complete, Satan my enemy is defeated
    2. Gave up His spirit
      1. Dismissed His Spirit
      2. From the cross: "It's time now, you can go"
      3. Totally in control (see John 10:18)
    3. Veil in the temple is torn
      1. Between the holy place and the Holy of Holies
      2. Priest went in once a year
      3. Segregated, very divided
      4. Sign "death to any Gentile"
      5. Thick veil – 60 feet tall, 30 feet wide, several inches thick
      6. Josephus said it was ornate, mostly blue
      7. Torn from top to bottom
        1. God tore it
        2. God was disturbing their worship service with a message "come in"
        3. Now you can come in, not just the priest
        4. You can enjoy it all year long, not just once a year
        5. Historical account: the Jewish nation sewed up the veil and continued to sacrifice animals
          1. God simplifies something, we complicate
          2. He removes the borders, we put more borders
          3. Insult to God
            1. Any religious system that complicates what God has simplified is an insult to God
            2. Any religious system that puts men/women between men/women and God is an insult to God
            3. There is one God and one mediator—Christ (see 1 Timothy 2:5)
      8. Have you taken advantage of the torn veil?
        1. How often?
        2. Press in, draw near (see Hebrews 10:22)
    4. Graves opened, many saints raised
      1. God raised them up pre-resurrection
      2. Spirits in the abode of the dead join with their body and walked around Jerusalem
      3. Who showed up?
        1. King David?
        2. John the Baptist?
        3. We don't know, just many
      4. Why did this happen?
        1. God was demonstrating that He has conquered death
        2. Biblical trailer; highlights of the movie
        3. This is what will happen to you one day
          1. There is going to be a resurrection
          2. When you die, your spirit leaves your body
          3. Your body decays in the ground
          4. Then you are with the Lord in spirit
          5. On resurrection day, the dead in Christ will rise (see 1 Thessalonians 4:16)
          6. Our spirit will join with a newly-constructed, made-for-eternity body
  3. "Truly this was the Son of God!" v. 54
    1. Earthquake
      1. This was a notable earthquake—shook up the town
      2. Bible predicts in the end times, there will be earthquakes in different places
      3. In Revelation earthquakes are mentioned 5 different times
      4. In Revelation 11 a great earthquake in Jerusalem (see Revelation 11:14)
      5. Jerusalem Post: "We are in a seismic gap"
        1. Awaiting the big one
        2. Several faults
        3. Major fault under the dead sea
        4. Registered seismic activity from the time of Josephus
        5. Nothing on record for over a millennium
      6. There will be a pretty big one according to the book of Revelation
      7. There will be a really big one when Jesus comes from heaven and touches His foot on the Mount of Olives and it splits in two (see Zechariah 14:4)
    2. Centurion and soldiers
      1. Feared
      2. "Truly this was the Son of God"
      3. Movie, John Wayne
      4. Seems that the Roman centurion is the first convert, he gave glory to God (see Luke 23:47)
      5. Is there someone you know that you think will never get saved?
        1. John Booth saved
        2. Hardened atheist on Israeli kibbutz, Tony, saved
        3. Renowned atheist, Antony Flew, saved
    3. Many women looked from afar
      1. Ministering to Him
      2. Greek: διακονοῦσαι, diakonousai—to serve, minister
      3. Mary Magdalene (seven demons cast out) (see Mark 16:9, Luke 8:2)
      4. Mary, the mother of James the Less
      5. Salome, the mother of Zebedee's sons (James and John)
      6. They gave financial support to help Jesus in His ministry
      7. Remember Salome's request? (see Matthew 20:21-22)
        1. Wanted sons to have a place of honor in His kingdom
        2. Jesus told her they would have to do what He did
        3. Maybe those foolish requests are coming back to her now
  4. The burial of Jesus vv. 57-61
    1. Joseph of Arimathea a disciple of Jesus
      1. Arimathea is a town about 20 miles North of Jerusalem
        1. It's the town mentioned in 1 Samuel 1:1, Ramathaim Zophim
        2. The birthplace of Samuel the prophet
      2. Rich man
      3. Disciple of Jesus
      4. Prominent member of the Sanhedrin
    2. Wrapped Jesus in a clean linen cloth and laid in his new tomb
    3. Permission from the Roman government was required
    4. Usually it was the family or close friends who performed the burial
    5. The tomb
      1. Not a hole in the ground
      2. A cave above ground
      3. You occupy it with your whole family for generations
        1. Flesh decays
        2. Bones placed in ossuary (a receptacle for the bones of the dead)
        3. Moved to the back of the tomb
      4. Joseph gave his tomb to Jesus, this fulfilled the prophecy (see Isaiah 53:9)
    6. Joseph mentioned in all four gospels in the post-crucifixion time (see Luke 23:51, John 19:38)
      1. He was fearful
      2. Secret disciple...for now
      3. Put everything on the line when he asked for the body, word could get out
      4. Where were the other more prominent disciples?
    7. The enemies of Jesus vv. 62-65
      1. The next day...Saturday
      2. The chief priests gathered together with Pilate
      3. His enemies remember that He predicted His resurrection
        1. His friends had forgotten—they didn't get it
        2. They were despondent
        3. The skeptics believed
        4. The believers were skeptical
      4. Make the tomb secure
        1. Set a guard
          1. Secure as you can
          2. Good luck
          3. If He's a deceiver, why guard it? If He's real, guards are not going to stop it.
        2. The stone
          1. Two tons
          2. Round
          3. Rolled into a channel
          4. Downhill
          5. Required
        3. Seal it—death to those who break it
        4. A favor to us
          1. Pharisees helped underline the truth of the resurrection
          2. Removed the ability for someone to say: "The disciples stole the body"
        5. According to historian Justin Martyr, around AD 200 this rumor surfaced again—but it's easy to dispute
        6. The job is done
        7. What happened to Pontius Pilate?
          1. Left his post
          2. Resigned
          3. Committed suicide
          4. Could have know that truth
          5. Could have been haunted by these events
          6. He goes off the pages of history
  5. Have you tried to set a guard over your life against Christ?
    1. Fight him off
    2. He comes back, "I love you, I forgive you"
    3. Someday you'll walk off the pages of history
      1. Will you end like Pilate?
      2. Or, will you end in Heaven with Christ because you know Him?

Greek terms: Τετέλεσται, tetelestai—it has been finished; διακονοῦσαι, diakonousai—to serve, minister
Publications referenced: Lion King, Jerusalem Post
Figures referenced: Cicero, Pontius Pilate, Josephus, John Wayne, Antony Flew, Justin Martyr
Cross references: 1 Samuel 1:1, Isaiah 53:9-10, Zechariah 14:4, Matthew 20:21-22, Matthew 28, Matthew 27:46, Mark 16:9, Luke 8:2, Luke 23:47, Luke 51, Luke 24:15, John 3:16, John 10:18, John 19:30, John 38, John 23:51, Acts 1:25, Acts 2:23, Acts 3:14-15, Galatians 2:20, 1 Thessalonians 4:16, 1 Timothy 2:5, Hebrews 10:22, Revelation 11:14

 


 

SERIES: 40 Matthew - 2011
MESSAGE: Matthew 28
SPEAKER: Skip Heitzig
SCRIPTURE: Matthew 28
URL: http://SkipHeitzig.com/2403

MESSAGE SUMMARY
Jesus' resurrection: great news for His disciples—troubling news to his enemies. As the chief priests grappled with a cover up, the disciples met with the risen Lord and were commissioned to "Go and make disciples of all the nations." As we consider our text, we discover the good news for ourselves: Jesus is not dead—He's alive and has all authority in heaven and earth.

DETAILED NOTES

  1. Introduction
    1. Lies
      1. "A lie can make it around the world while truth is still lacing up her boots." Mark Twain
      2. New ideas, new theories
      3. Scholar Ernest Renan influenced by Immanuel Kant and George Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel wrote The Life of Jesus
        1. There was no literal resurrection
        2. Disciples mentally unstable
        3. Mary Magdalene only "thought" it was Jesus
        4. No facts just a Theory he made up
        5. Sold 60,000 copies in the first month
      4. 1966 Hugh Schonfield wrote The Passover Plot
        1. Jesus knew prophecies and set himself up to "look" to fulfill them
        2. Jesus conspired with Joseph of Arimathea to take a drug to put Him into a death-like coma
        3. Really didn't die
        4. Only thought he was dead
        5. A fake resurrection
        6. Plot foiled when the guard put a spear in His side and he really died
        7. The academic world paid it no heed
        8. Sold 100,000 copies in the first month
    2. Credentials of Jesus Christ
      1. His impact on human history
      2. Fulfilling Old Testament Prophecy
      3. His resurrection from the dead
      4. Jesus unique among all people and faiths
        1. Most religious ideologies are based on the philosophies of the founder
        2. Only four world religions based on personalities
          1. Judaism
          2. Christianity
          3. Islam
          4. Buddhism
        3. Only Christianity claims a resurrected founder
  2. Jesus' Resurrection from the dead
    1. Mary Magdalene and other Mary came to see the tomb
      1. Hearts burdened
      2. Gather spices to anoint the body of Jesus
      3. Dawn
      4. Customary to visit loved ones after their death
        1. Represents the last contact with them
        2. Some believed the spirit lingered for 3 days
      5. Had to wait for the 1st day of the week
    2. A great earthquake
    3. An angel of the Lord
      1. Rolled back the stone and sat on top of the stone
      2. Not a surprise that an angel would attend the resurrection of Jesus
        1. Angels involved
          1. Incarnation
          2. Temptation
          3. Affliction
          4. Resurrection
      3. Greek: ἄγγελος, angelos - a messenger from the Lord
      4. 34 books of the Bible mention angels
      5. Most times they are invisible; but sometimes they are given a body so they can relate to human beings
        1. 3 men—2 were angels came to Abraham and ate with him (see Genesis 18)
        2. Sometimes they came in more brilliance (see Matthew 28:3-4)
      6. Belief in angels
        1. God sends us angels (see Hebrews 1:14)
        2. Some of us need more angels than others
        3. Don't carry it too far
    4. Stone rolled away
      1. Did they roll the stone to let Jesus out? No!
      2. Rolled the stone to let people in so they could see the miracle that He was no longer there
    5. The angel's countenance
      1. Guards shook
      2. Adrenaline – fight or flight?
      3. Fainted
    6. The angel spoke to the women
      1. They expect to find a corpse
      2. Who is going to move the stone
      3. Love doesn't ask questions it just goes
      4. Problem solved
      5. God goes before us to solve the problems
      6. Jesus is not here, He is risen
        1. Proves that none were pre-disposed to His resurrection
        2. Jesus' resurrection is a fact of history that is discounted by Renan, Schonfield and many others today
        3. Ludwig Feuerbach – wish fulfillment
      7. Come, see, go, tell vv. 6-7
        1. Come into the tomb
          1. Scary—what's in there?
          2. Come is a great word of the gospel—Jesus told people to come
          3. When asked where He was staying, He said, "Come and see." (see John 1:38-39)
          4. Come, walk on the water (see Matthew 14:28-29)
          5. Bid little children to come (see Matthew 19:14 and Mark 10:14)
        2. See, greek word ἴδετε
          1. Check it out
          2. Humility of Christ (see Phillipians 2:8)
          3. Reality of sin
          4. Victory of life
          5. See: nothing's there
          6. Cocoon of bandages (see John 20:3-7)
        3. Go and tell
          1. Don't stop with come and see
          2. What do you do about it?
          3. Turn fascination into proclamation
          4. The message
            1. Your salvation—your personal story
            2. Victory of Jesus over death
            3. Glorious life changing gospel of Christ
            4. Don't wait for some level of maturity or for all your problems to be fixed
    7. Jesus met them and says, "Rejoice!" v. 9
      1. What's up?
      2. Howdy!
      3. Mary and Mary were not expecting this
        1. Theologically they are wrong
        2. Devotionally they are right
      4. Sometimes believers get so hardened and tight with their theology, sometimes you are so right, you're dead right—there's no real life in us
      5. Jesus told the church at Ephesus "You have left your first love" (see Revelation 2:1-6)
      6. Jesus will show up to those who have their devotional life right time and time again and say "Howdy, it's me!"
      7. Best if you can marry both—theology and devotion
    8. Jesus says go and tell my brothers v. 10
      1. Who?
      2. Those who denied him
      3. Those who ran away
      4. So gracious
    9. Guard reported what happened vv. 11-15
      1. Consulted with the elders
      2. Elders gave the soldiers money
      3. Elders preoccupied with keeping the truth from getting out
        1. Illegality of the trial
        2. The mob psychology
        3. Blatant bribery
        4. While slept the disciples stole the body—illogical
        5. Commons myths about what happened
          1. The disciples stole the body
            1. They were afraid
            2. They ran
            3. They were in the upper room behind closed doors
            4. They were in no mood
            5. Roman guards lose their lives if they sleep on duty (see Acts 16:27-28)
            6. Quietly move a 2 ton stone?
          2. The Jews stole the body
            1. Ridiculous
            2. In the next few weeks 1000's of Jews become believers
            3. All they had to do was produce the body in order to refute the resurrection
          3. The women went to the wrong tomb
            1. Many tombs, easy to get to the wrong tomb
            2. Tears in their eyes
            3. There were several women
            4. Peter and John came and checked it when the sun was up
            5. The guards went to the wrong tomb
            6. The Jewish Sanhedrin went to the wrong tomb
            7. The angel went to the wrong tomb
            8. What about Joseph who owned the tomb?
          4. The swoon theory—Jesus didn't really die
            1. The coolness and dampness of the tomb revived him
            2. People beaten nearly to death don't get better in a cold, damp tomb
            3. How did he get out of those tightly wound grave clothes?
            4. How did he roll a 2-ton rock uphill?
          5. The hallucination theory
            1. Hallucinations are never corporate
            2. 500 people at one time saw the risen Christ (see 1 Corinthians 15:6)
            3. People with all different dispositions seeing Jesus; Peter who is sorrowful, Thomas who is doubtful, the disciples on the road to Emmaus who were unhopeful (see Luke 24:13-27)
          6. Right tomb, Jesus was there, Joseph sealed the tomb, but then changed his mind, went back, took the body of Jesus and placed it somewhere else—Stupid!
    10. If disciples new the resurrection was a lie, they would have broken down and told the truth rather than face suffering and death for them and sometimes their families—this is the greatest evidence to the truth of the resurrection
  3. The great commission
    1. All authority given to Jesus
    2. God has exalted Him—given Him a name above all names (see Philippians 2:9-11)
    3. Later He will come back to take His church
    4. Later still He will come back with His church to rule and to reign (see Daniel 7)
    5. Go out with the authority of Christ
      1. You have the commissioning authority of Christ
      2. You can go with boldness
    6. Make disciples v. 19
      1. Main word
      2. Greek; μαθητεύσατε, mathéteuó - I make disciples, make into disciples
      3. On your way, "disciplize," reproduce yourself in others
  4. Closing
    1. If you are a believer, "go"
    2. If you are an unbeliever, "come"
    3. Influenced by William Sangster, voice to shout "He is risen"
    4. You have a voice, go and tell
    5. If you're an unbeliever, come and see, give your life to Christ and see what He will do
    6. Years ago Muslim in Africa converted to Christ—take direction from the living, not the dead

Greek terms: ἄγγελος; Angel, an angel, messenger; ἴδετε; see, I see, look upon, experience; μαθητεύσατε, mathéteuó, I make disciples, make into disciples
Publications referenced: The Life of Jesus, by Ernest Renan; The Passover Plot, by Hugh Schonfield
Figures referenced: Mark Twain, Ernest Renan, Immanuel Kant, George Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Hugh Schonfield, Ludwig Feuerbach, William Sangster
Cross references: Daniel 7, Matthew 14:28-29, Matthew 19:14, Matthew 28:3-4, Mark 10:14, Luke 24:13-27, John 1:38-39, John 20:3-7, Acts 16:27-28, 1 Corinthians 15:6, Philippians 2:8-11, Hebrews 1:14, Revelation 2:1-6

Topic: resurrection

Keywords: commission, resurrection, Christ, disciple, tomb


40 Matthew - 2011 | SkipHeitzig.com/series41
Page |