SERIES: 03 Leviticus - 2012
MESSAGE: Leviticus 24:1-25:34
SPEAKER: Skip Heitzig
SCRIPTURE: Leviticus 24:1-25:34

MESSAGE SUMMARY
God is an interactive God. He chooses you—picks you before the foundation of the earth. Then He allows you to choose Him. And, It doesn't end there: He gives you gifts that you can use to serve Him and one another. In this text we see that God provides for the priesthood through the people of Israel and learn that Jesus is our kinsman redeemer—He was related, willing, and able—to buy back the title deed to the earth.

STUDY GUIDE
Leviticus 24-25
PREVIEW: In Leviticus 24-25, we learn about the penalty for blasphemy from the second of two narratives contained in Leviticus, and we discover all the implications of the Year of Jubilee.

Leviticus Outline:
Care of the Tabernacle Lamps – Read Leviticus 24:1-4
The Bread of the Tabernacle – Read Leviticus 24:5-9
The Penalty for Blasphemy – Read Leviticus 24:10-23
The Sabbath of the Seventh Year – Read Leviticus 25:1-7
The Year of Jubilee – Read Leviticus 25:8-17
Provisions for the Seventh Year – Read Leviticus 25:18-22
Redemption of Property – Read Leviticus 25:23-34
Lending to the Poor – Read Leviticus 25:35-38
The Law Concerning Slavery – Read Leviticus 25:39-55

Care of the Tabernacle Lamps – Read Leviticus 24:1-4
1. Who was in charge of ensuring that the lamps burned continually (v. 3)?



2. What were the lamps constructed of, and what was the substance that burned in them (vv. 1-4)?



3. Who was responsible for providing the substance that burned in the lamps (v. 2)?



The Bread of the Tabernacle – Read Leviticus 24:5-9
4. How many loaves of bread were baked for the Tabernacle, and where and how were they placed (vv. 5-6)?





5. Who was allowed to eat the bread of the Tabernacle, and where were they restricted to eating it (v. 9)? (See also 1 Samuel 21:4-6 and Matthew 12:3-4.)




The Penalty for Blasphemy – Read Leviticus 24:10-23
6. There are only two narrative sections in Leviticus, and both of them relate acts of blasphemy that lead to death. The first narrative is about Nadab and Abihu in Chapter 10. Who is the second narrative about (v. 10)?




7. What did this person do in this narrative (vv. 10-11)?



8. What was initially done to this person and why (v. 12)? (See also Numbers 15:34.)



9. What final judgment was passed upon this person (vv. 13-14, 23)?





10. What ordinances were put into place to govern what this person did (vv. 15-16)?





11. Why is a man who kills another man to be put to death (v. 17)? (See also Genesis 9:6, Exodus 21:12, Numbers 35:30-31, and Deuteronomy 19:11-12.)





12. What is required of a man who kills an animal belonging to another (vv. 18, 21)?





13. What is required of a man who causes disfigurement to his neighbor (vv. 19-20)? (See also Exodus 21:23–25 and Deuteronomy 19:21.)




The Sabbath of the Seventh Year – Read Leviticus 25:1-7
14. Every seven years the children of Israel were to let the land rest. What were they not allowed to do during the seventh year (vv. 4-5)?



15. Although they were to let the land rest (v. 4), the food that grew of its own accord could be eaten. Who could eat it (vv. 6-7)?





16. During this seventh year, what two other things were the children of Israel required to do? (See Deuteronomy 15:1–2 and 31:9–13.)




The Year of Jubilee – Read Leviticus 25:8-17
17. How often did the Year of Jubilee occur (vv. 8, 10)?




18. What did the children of Israel do differently on the Day of Atonement during the Year of Jubilee (vv. 9-10)?




19. How was the Year of Jubilee the determining factor in the purchase price of land (vv. 14-16)?




Provisions for the Seventh Year – Read Leviticus 25:18-22
20. What was the expectation of the children of Israel in order for them to live safely in the land and for the land to yield its fruit (vv. 18-19)?



21. If the children of Israel were to ask the question, “What shall we eat in the seventh year, since we shall not sow nor gather in our produce?” what would be God’s answer (v. 21)?




Redemption of Property – Read Leviticus 25:23-34
22. Why couldn’t a portion of the land of Israel be sold permanently (vv. 23-24)?





23. If a man became poor and sold his land, what three ways existed for him to rightfully get his land back (vv. 25-28)?





24. How and when could a house sold within a walled city be redeemed (vv. 29-30)?





25. How and when could the home of a Levite be redeemed (v. 33)?




Lending to the Poor – Read Leviticus 25:35-38
26. Usury is the sum paid for the use of money, or interest. From whom could the children of Israel take no usury (vv. 35-37)?



27. How were the children of Israel to help a fellow Israelite if he became poor (vv. 35-37)?




The Law Concerning Slavery – Read Leviticus 25:39-55
28. How were the children of Israel to treat a fellow Israelite if they became poor and sold themselves into slavery (vv. 39-40)?





29. The children of Israel were allowed to own slaves. Who could they own as a slave (v. 44)?





30. If a slave that was owned by one of the children of Israel had children, what became of those children (vv. 45-46)?




31. If an Israelite became poor and sold himself into slavery, how could he be redeemed out of slavery (vv. 47-49)?





32. If that Israelite wanted to obtain redemption from slavery, how would he determine the price of his release (vv. 50-52)?





33. Why were Israelites who sold themselves into slavery released in the Year of Jubilee (vv. 54-55)?

DETAILED NOTES

  1. Introduction
    1. God is an interactive God
      1. He chooses you before you're born
      2. Allows you to make a decision for Him
      3. He gives gifts (see 1 Peter 4:10 and 1 Corinthians 12)
      4. He allows us to engage or not
      5. Your words and actions are how God uses you
    2. God provided for the priesthood through the people
      1. God could have miraculously provided
      2. He doesn't need us (see Acts 17:24-26)
      3. He allows us to participate
  2. The tabernacle
    1. The high priest performed his duties in a little room—the holy place
      1. The high priest alone maintained the lamp stand
      2. Picture of Jesus Christ: Jesus Christ is our great High Priest
        1. "Seeing then that we have a great High Priest who has passed through the heavens, Jesus the Son of God, let us hold fast our confession. For we do not have a High Priest who cannot sympathize with our weaknesses, but was in all points tempted as we are, yet without sin. Let us therefore come boldly to the throne of grace, that we may obtain mercy and find grace to help in time of need" (Hebrews 4:14-16)
        2. In Revelation 2 and 3, John sees Jesus the High Priest walking in the midst of the seven golden lamp stands
        3. The lamp stand was the one and only source of light
        4. Jesus said, "I am the light of the world" (John 8:12)
        5. Only one table that had bread
        6. Jesus said, "I am the bread of life" (John 6:35)
        7. Only one entrance into the tabernacle—one approach to God
        8. Jesus said, "I am the way" (John 14:6)
        9. All of the I am statements of Jesus can be traced back to the wilderness experience of the tabernacle
    2. The bread of the tabernacle
      1. Fine flour with frankincense sprinkled on top
      2. Frankincense was also used on the altar of incense
        1. Beautiful picture of our prayer life
        2. Our prayers go up like incense to the Lord (see Psalm 141:2)
        3. God loves to hear from you
        4. Parents never get tired of their kids calling or talking to them
      3. Only the priest could eat it
        1. David ate the bread when running from King Saul (see 1 Samuel 21:1-9)
        2. Jesus used that as an example in Mark 2:23-28 when he and his disciples picked and ate grain on the Sabbath
        3. "The Son of Man is also Lord of the Sabbath" (Mark 2:28)
    3. A short story vv. 10
      1. A young man curses the Lord
      2. His mom was an Israelite
      3. His dad was an Egyptian
      4. In Numbers, we learn of the mixed multitude
      5. This is an example of why Paul said, "Don't be unequally yoked with an unbeliever" (see 2 Corinthians 6:14)
      6. There will be a hard road ahead, especially with your own children
      7. The Jewish person would not even speak the name of God
        1. Tetragrammaton—YHWH
        2. Simply bowed their head and said, "Hashem"—the Name
      8. Should they give this guy a break because he's part Egyptian?
        1. Skip would have cut the guy some slack—that would have been wrong
        2. We often gather together and voice our opinions—what we think; we make our decisions on our conversations, our emotions
        3. We can be so far off from the mind and will of God
        4. One law—consistency for everyone in the land
    4. Whoever kills a man shall be put to death; obviously God did not consider capital punishment murder
      1. An animal and a man have a different value in the eyes of God
      2. India "holy cow"
      3. Why does God speak of murder right after this incident of blasphemy?
      4. Blasphemy is a kind of murder
    5. Eye for eye
      1. Not about retaliation
      2. It's about restraint
      3. It's called the lex talionis: retribution—let the punishment fit the crime
        1. Eye for eye, tooth for tooth
        2. Many ancient cultures employed (i.e., The Code of Hammurabi)
      4. Human nature is never satisfied with justice
        1. God gives this law for mercy's sake
        2. Lamech's song (see Genesis 4)
  3. Special years
    1. Sabbath year
      1. Seventh year was the year of rest
      2. Seven sets of years, the fiftieth year is the Year of Jubilee
      3. Farmers cultivated the land for six years, rested the seventh year
      4. Good steward of the land; let the land rest, don't deplete it
      5. The one year that the wealthy land owner and the poorest of the poor would be on equal footing
      6. Some Christians can be very condemning about keeping the Sabbath
      7. Any spontaneous yield could be eaten by anyone—whether you owned the land or not
    2. The number seven appears a lot in Scripture
      1. God created the heavens and earth and on the seventh day He rested (see Genesis 1:1 and Genesis 2:2)
      2. Jacob worked for his uncle Laban for seven years and another seven years (see Genesis 29:15-30)
      3. Pharaoh had a dream of seven fat oxen and seven skinny oxen (see Genesis 41:1-8)
      4. Golden lamp stand with seven lamps (see Zechariah 4)
      5. Siege of Jericho lasted seven days (see Joshua 6)
      6. Seven heads for the beast (see Revelation 12:3, 13:1, 17:3, and 17:7)
      7. Seven churches (see Revelation 1:4, 11, and 20)
      8. Seven stars (see Revelation 1:16, 20, 2:1 and 3:1)
      9. Seven seals (see Revelation 5:1, 5 and Revelation 8:1)
      10. Seven trumpets (see Revelation 8:1-6 and 11:15)
      11. Seven bowl judgments (see Revelation 15:7, 16:1, 17, 17:1, and 21:9)
      12. Seven means completion
    3. Jubilee
      1. Means ram's horn; yobel
      2. Comes from the Hebrew root word Jubal, the first musician (see Genesis 4:21)
      3. Fiftieth year, the Year of Jubilee
        1. All the slaves went free
        2. All debts were canceled
        3. All the land reverted back to the person from whom it was bought
      4. The worth of the land was calculated based on the number of years until the next Jubilee
      5. One day there will be a Jubilee for us
        1. We will go free
        2. The closer we get to that day, the less the possessions of this world matter
        3. No matter your age, live close to the kingdom—real values, so that you don't get hung up on the possession
      6. There is no record in the Bible or in secular history that the children of Israel actually kept the Sabbatical year
        1. They neglected keeping that seven-year cycle for 490 years
        2. That's 70 Sabbath years the land didn't get its rest
        3. That's why the Babylonian captivity lasted 70 years (see 2 Chronicles 36:17-21 and Jeremiah 25)
        4. One scholar noted that the earliest Year of Jubilee that we have in Judaistic records is the year 1393 BC
        5. That same scholar believes that when Jesus went into the synagogue in Nazareth and opened up the scroll of Isaiah and read Isaiah 61 on a Jubilee year (AD 26-29)
        6. If so, this would have great meaning, "The spirit of the Lord God is upon Me, because the Lord has anointed Me to preach good tidings to the poor; He has sent Me to heal the brokenhearted, to proclaim liberty to the captives, and the opening of the prison to those who are bound; to proclaim the acceptable year of the Lord" (Isaiah 61:1-2)
      7. How would they eat in that seventh year? The Lord would provide
      8. There was a problem
        1. A man could lose his portion of land
        2. Depending on his age, he may never be able to regain his land before his death
        3. God made a provision to recover the land, a goel, a rich relative could redeem the land for the man
        4. He has the money, his related, he's willing to do it
        5. The book of Ruth is based on this Scripture; Boaz is the kinsman redeemer
      9. Levite provision
  4. Closing
    1. Jeremiah the prophet (see Jeremiah 32)
      1. He was put in jail
      2. He had just predicted that Israel would be taken captive by Babylon for 70 years
      3. He predicts they will be restored
      4. Cousin Hanamel requests Jeremiah be the kinsman redeemer for him
      5. As an act of faith (we will return after the captivity), Jeremiah buys the land of Hanamel
      6. Three documents (scrolls): two scrolls that were title deeds and 1 scroll that has the conditions
      7. Kinsman redeemer takes the scrolls and breaks the seals
    2. In Revelation 5, John gets a vision of God with a scroll—the title deed to the earth
      1. John wept because no one was worthy to break the seals
        1. God created earth and entrusted it to man
        2. Man turned over control of earth to Satan
        3. Satan called, the God of this world (see John 12:31 and Matthew 4:9)
      2. Then he saw a lamb as if He had been slain
        1. That's where the redemption period begins
        2. Jesus is able, willing, and he is related
          1. God became man (see John 1:14)
          2. He bought it with His blood (see Revelation 5:9)
          3. He was not murdered, He willingly laid down His life (see John 10:18)


Hebrew terms: יְהֹוָה; Yhwh, Lord; הָשֵׁם; Hashem, name; יוֹבֵל; yobel, ram's horn, jubilee, יוּבָל; Yubal, Jubal; גָּאַל; gaal (goel), to redeem, act as kinsman
Latin terms: Lex talionis: eye-for-an-eye code of justice
Publications referenced: The Code of Hammurabi
Cross references: Genesis 1:1, Genesis 2:2, Genesis 4, Genesis 29:15-30, Genesis 41:1-8, Joshua 6, Ruth, 1 Samuel 21:1-9, 2 Chronicles 36:17-21, Psalm 141:2, Isaiah 61:1-2, Jeremiah 25, Jeremiah 32, Zechariah 4, Matthew 4:9, Mark 2:23-28, John 1:14, John 6:35, John 8:12, John 10:18, John 12:31, John 14:6, Acts 17:24-26, 1 Corinthians 12, 2 Corinthians 6:14, Hebrews 4:14-16, 1 Peter 4:10, Revelation 1, Revelation 2, 3, Revelation 5, Revelation 8:1-6, Revelation 11:15, Revelation 12:3, Revelation 13:1, Revelation 15:7, Revelation 16:1, 17, Revelation 17:1, Revelation 17:3, and Revelation 17:7, Revelation 21:9


Topic: Year of Jubilee

Keywords: kinsman, Sabbath, redeem, redeemer, blasphemy, gifts, serve, High Priest, prayer, murder, capital punishment, Year of Jubilee, scroll, Revelation, Sabbatical


Leviticus 24:1-25:34 - Leviticus 24:1-25:34 | SkipHeitzig.com/2456
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