Deuteronomy 20-21
Skip Heitzig
Deuteronomy 20 (NKJV™) | |
1 | "When you go out to battle against your enemies, and see horses and chariots and people more numerous than you, do not be afraid of them; for the LORD your God is with you, who brought you up from the land of Egypt. |
2 | "So it shall be, when you are on the verge of battle, that the priest shall approach and speak to the people. |
3 | "And he shall say to them, 'Hear, O Israel: Today you are on the verge of battle with your enemies. Do not let your heart faint, do not be afraid, and do not tremble or be terrified because of them; |
4 | 'for the LORD your God is He who goes with you, to fight for you against your enemies, to save you.' |
5 | "Then the officers shall speak to the people, saying: 'What man is there who has built a new house and has not dedicated it? Let him go and return to his house, lest he die in the battle and another man dedicate it. |
6 | 'Also what man is there who has planted a vineyard and has not eaten of it? Let him go and return to his house, lest he die in the battle and another man eat of it. |
7 | 'And what man is there who is betrothed to a woman and has not married her? Let him go and return to his house, lest he die in the battle and another man marry her.' |
8 | "The officers shall speak further to the people, and say, 'What man is there who is fearful and fainthearted? Let him go and return to his house, lest the heart of his brethren faint like his heart.' |
9 | "And so it shall be, when the officers have finished speaking to the people, that they shall make captains of the armies to lead the people. |
10 | "When you go near a city to fight against it, then proclaim an offer of peace to it. |
11 | "And it shall be that if they accept your offer of peace, and open to you, then all the people who are found in it shall be placed under tribute to you, and serve you. |
12 | "Now if the city will not make peace with you, but makes war against you, then you shall besiege it. |
13 | "And when the LORD your God delivers it into your hands, you shall strike every male in it with the edge of the sword. |
14 | "But the women, the little ones, the livestock, and all that is in the city, all its spoil, you shall plunder for yourself; and you shall eat the enemies' plunder which the LORD your God gives you. |
15 | "Thus you shall do to all the cities which are very far from you, which are not of the cities of these nations. |
16 | "But of the cities of these peoples which the LORD your God gives you as an inheritance, you shall let nothing that breathes remain alive, |
17 | "but you shall utterly destroy them: the Hittite and the Amorite and the Canaanite and the Perizzite and the Hivite and the Jebusite, just as the LORD your God has commanded you, |
18 | "lest they teach you to do according to all their abominations which they have done for their gods, and you sin against the LORD your God. |
19 | "When you besiege a city for a long time, while making war against it to take it, you shall not destroy its trees by wielding an ax against them; if you can eat of them, do not cut them down to use in the siege, for the tree of the field is man's food. |
20 | "Only the trees which you know are not trees for food you may destroy and cut down, to build siegeworks against the city that makes war with you, until it is subdued. |
Deuteronomy 21 (NKJV™) | |
1 | "If anyone is found slain, lying in the field in the land which the LORD your God is giving you to possess, and it is not known who killed him, |
2 | "then your elders and your judges shall go out and measure the distance from the slain man to the surrounding cities. |
3 | "And it shall be that the elders of the city nearest to the slain man will take a heifer which has not been worked and which has not pulled with a yoke. |
4 | "The elders of that city shall bring the heifer down to a valley with flowing water, which is neither plowed nor sown, and they shall break the heifer's neck there in the valley. |
5 | "Then the priests, the sons of Levi, shall come near, for the LORD your God has chosen them to minister to Him and to bless in the name of the LORD; by their word every controversy and every assault shall be settled. |
6 | "And all the elders of that city nearest to the slain man shall wash their hands over the heifer whose neck was broken in the valley. |
7 | "Then they shall answer and say, 'Our hands have not shed this blood, nor have our eyes seen it. |
8 | 'Provide atonement, O LORD, for Your people Israel, whom You have redeemed, and do not lay innocent blood to the charge of Your people Israel.' And atonement shall be provided on their behalf for the blood. |
9 | "So you shall put away the guilt of innocent blood from among you when you do what is right in the sight of the LORD. |
10 | "When you go out to war against your enemies, and the LORD your God delivers them into your hand, and you take them captive, |
11 | "and you see among the captives a beautiful woman, and desire her and would take her for your wife, |
12 | "then you shall bring her home to your house, and she shall shave her head and trim her nails. |
13 | "She shall put off the clothes of her captivity, remain in your house, and mourn her father and her mother a full month; after that you may go in to her and be her husband, and she shall be your wife. |
14 | "And it shall be, if you have no delight in her, then you shall set her free, but you certainly shall not sell her for money; you shall not treat her brutally, because you have humbled her. |
15 | "If a man has two wives, one loved and the other unloved, and they have borne him children, both the loved and the unloved, and if the firstborn son is of her who is unloved, |
16 | "then it shall be, on the day he bequeaths his possessions to his sons, that he must not bestow firstborn status on the son of the loved wife in preference to the son of the unloved, the true firstborn. |
17 | "But he shall acknowledge the son of the unloved wife as the firstborn by giving him a double portion of all that he has, for he is the beginning of his strength; the right of the firstborn is his. |
18 | "If a man has a stubborn and rebellious son who will not obey the voice of his father or the voice of his mother, and who, when they have chastened him, will not heed them, |
19 | "then his father and his mother shall take hold of him and bring him out to the elders of his city, to the gate of his city. |
20 | "And they shall say to the elders of his city, 'This son of ours is stubborn and rebellious; he will not obey our voice; he is a glutton and a drunkard.' |
21 | "Then all the men of his city shall stone him to death with stones; so you shall put away the evil from among you, and all Israel shall hear and fear. |
22 | "If a man has committed a sin deserving of death, and he is put to death, and you hang him on a tree, |
23 | "his body shall not remain overnight on the tree, but you shall surely bury him that day, so that you do not defile the land which the LORD your God is giving you as an inheritance; for he who is hanged is accursed of God. |
New King James Version®, Copyright © 1982, Thomas Nelson, Inc. All rights reserved.
Can you be both a believer and a pacifist? In His Law, God anticipated that the Israelites would need to form an army to defend themselves against their enemies. In Deuteronomy 20-21, we learn that wars, like every other part of life, should be brought under the spiritual control of the Lord, and we also study other laws about crime, marriage, and children.
Before entering the Promised Land, Moses reminded Israel of their history and the covenant they made with the Lord. The book of Deuteronomy details that covenant, looking at God's promises of cursing and blessing. In this study, Skip Heitzig unpacks those promises and explores the truths found in this still-relevant book of law.
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Figures referenced: Augustine, Thomas Aquinas
Hebrew words: chanak
Cross references: Genesis 3:17-18; 9:25; 14:14-16; Exodus 20:12; 21:17; Leviticus 19:23-25; Judges 7; 1 Samuel 1:1-10; 4; Psalm 20:7; Isaiah 2:4; 31:1; Daniel 9:5-16, 20; Matthew 6:9-13; 8:5-13; 9:18-19, 23-26; 27:29; Mark 5:22-2, 35-43; 15:17; Luke 7:1-10; 8:41-42, 49-56; 11:1-4; 15:11-32; 24:13-27; John 4:43-54; 19:2; Acts 19:9; 20:27; Romans 10:17; 12:18; Galatians 3:13; 1 Timothy 1:15; 2 Timothy 2:4; Hebrews 11:33
Date | Title | Watch | Listen | Notes | Share | Save | Buy | |
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3/23/2016 completed
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Deuteronomy 32:36-34:12 Deuteronomy 32:36-34:12 Skip Heitzig |
Info Message Summary As human beings, there is something perverse in our nature that we enjoy payback, but vengeance is a temptation that we must give up to God. In a song to the Israelites, Moses advised them to let the Lord deal with those who hurt them and to choose forgiveness over vengeance. |
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3/9/2016 completed
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Deuteronomy 31-32:35 Deuteronomy 31-32:35 Skip Heitzig |
Info Message Summary Living to be 120 years old, the most productive time in Moses' life was his last forty years. As we near the end of Deuteronomy, we see how Moses continued to make a difference in his old age. In his final sermon to the Israelites, he emphasized the importance of committing God's Word to their hearts and minds. |
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2/10/2016 completed
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Deuteronomy 29-30 Deuteronomy 29-30 Skip Heitzig |
Info Message Summary A relationship with God requires firsthand participation. He calls us to have faith based on the fact that He is committed to us and has shown us His grace in the past. As we study Deuteronomy 29-30, we learn that when we forget what God has done for us, we risk marginalizing our sin and turning toward corruption instead of grace. |
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2/3/2016 completed
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Deuteronomy 28 Deuteronomy 28 Skip Heitzig |
Info Message Summary God looks at us through rose-colored glasses, crimson with the blood of Jesus' sacrifice. He wants to pour His blessings on us and lavish us with His love. In this study of Deuteronomy 28, we learn about the blessings that come from our obedience to God, as well as the curses that stem from disobedience. |
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1/27/2016 completed
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Deuteronomy 26-27 Deuteronomy 26-27 Skip Heitzig |
Info Message Summary Jesus promised that all those who follow Him would have abundant life because of His grace. As believers, we believe God is good because He has blessed our lives, and if we choose to go our own way, we'll miss out on His blessings. In this study of Deuteronomy 26-27, we are reminded that faith is the entrance to the blessed life. |
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1/20/2016 completed
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Deuteronomy 24-25 Deuteronomy 24-25 Skip Heitzig |
Info Message Summary As believers, we come across many situations in our lives that are confusing, and we may be unsure about how God wants us to handle them. In this study of Deuteronomy 24-25, Skip Heitzig points out what God says about divorce, slavery, accepting foreigners, treatment of the poor, handling disputes, and punishment for crimes. |
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1/13/2016 completed
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Deuteronomy 22-23 Deuteronomy 22-23 Skip Heitzig |
Info Message Summary Throughout our lives, we tend to get preoccupied with our busy schedules, ignoring the needs of others. It's easy to see someone in need and say a quick prayer for them while going on our way, without giving them any physical or practical help. In this study of Deuteronomy 22-23, Skip Heitzig points out the practical examples Moses gave to the Israelites about loving others. |
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1/6/2016 completed
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Deuteronomy 1-21 Summary Deuteronomy 1-21 Skip Heitzig |
Info Message Summary Getting good, godly council during important life transitions, such as changing careers, getting married, or having kids, is necessary to ensure you are acting inside of God's will. The book of Deuteronomy is one big counseling session for the Israelites. As Skip gives a summary of Deuteronomy 1-21, we review the advice Moses gave the Israelites as they got ready to transition into the Promised Land. |
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11/4/2015 completed
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Deuteronomy 19 Deuteronomy 19 Skip Heitzig |
Info Message Summary Deuteronomy 19 recounts the institution of the Levitical cities of refuge, created to ensure that mankind's bent toward sin was kept in check. This chapter acts as a perfect segue into the celebration of Communion and the new covenant: Jesus is the believer's ultimate city of refuge, an avenger of blood turned kinsman-redeemer who has made us sons and daughters of God. |
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10/21/2015 completed
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Deuteronomy 17-18 Deuteronomy 17-18 Skip Heitzig |
Info Message Summary Throughout the Old Testament, the Lord sent many prophets to the nation of Israel, but these prophets only served to train the people's ears for the Messiah, Jesus Christ. Deuteronomy 17-18 culminates in Moses' prediction of this ultimate Prophet's coming as we also learn about true sacrifice, capital punishment, and the requirements for Israel's kings. |
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10/14/2015 completed
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Deuteronomy 15-16 Deuteronomy 15-16 Skip Heitzig |
Info Message Summary Much of what Jesus quoted from the Old Testament came from the book of Deuteronomy; it's an important book of the Law, and we can clearly see connections between the old and new covenant in these chapters before us. As we look at more regulations for the Israelites' personal lives and public feasts, we see that God's pardon, participation, and provision—as celebrated in the feasts of Passover, Pentecost, and Tabernacles—are available to us today through Christ. |
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9/23/2015 completed
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Deuteronomy 13-14 Deuteronomy 13-14 Skip Heitzig |
Info Message Summary In God's value system, there's something worse than physical death—spiritual death. This is why, throughout Scripture, the Lord frequently hangs out signs to warn us about false prophets who try to steer us away from His truth. In these chapters, we look at God's warning sign to the Israelites, as well as His principles for them concerning dietary regulations and tithing. |
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9/16/2015 completed
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Deuteronomy 12 Deuteronomy 12 Skip Heitzig |
Info Message Summary Deuteronomy 12 has three themes: regathering, redemption, and rejoicing. In this message, we uncover how these themes apply to believers today: we still gather to fellowship with one another and to take the Lord's Supper in remembrance of Christ's sacrifice for us. |
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9/9/2015 completed
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Deuteronomy 11 Deuteronomy 11 Skip Heitzig |
Info Message Summary The laws of God are laws for life; they aren't given to us to restrict us, but to benefit us and show us God's love. Making our way through Deuteronomy 11, we learn that our relationship with the Lord supersedes regulations and rituals, and we see how God, through Moses, lovingly reminded the Israelites of just how much He cared for them and wanted the best for them. |
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9/2/2015 completed
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Deuteronomy 9-10 Deuteronomy 9-10 Skip Heitzig |
Info Message Summary The Christian life—one that is fully surrendered to God—ought to be the most exciting life one can live. In Deuteronomy 9-10, Moses reminded the Israelites of God's mercy and grace toward them, and we see how God loves to take faithless people, forgive them, bless them, and use them for His glory in a grand adventure. |
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8/19/2015 completed
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Deuteronomy 7-8 Deuteronomy 7-8 Skip Heitzig |
Info Message Summary Deuteronomy 7-8 touches on the topic of God's judgment and also continues the book's theme of remembrance. Just as the Israelites did, we should remember what God has done in the past so that we can march through the present and into the future, confident of His provision and love. |
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8/12/2015 completed
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Deuteronomy 6:1-7:3 Deuteronomy 6:1-7:3 Skip Heitzig |
Info Message Summary We as believers need to be reminded of our deliverance from bondage; we've had an Exodus, but we frequently need a Deuteronomy, something that reminds us of where we've come from. That was the mantra of Moses throughout Deuteronomy 6, a chapter whose theme is to listen in order that you might obey. |
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8/5/2015 completed
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Deuteronomy 5:21-33 Deuteronomy 5:21-33 Skip Heitzig |
Info Message Summary As we finish Deuteronomy 5, we discover that the trouble isn't with God's law; the trouble is that we are fallen people who cannot keep the law, no matter how righteous we think we are. In this special Communion message, we learn how to use the law as a compass to point to Jesus Christ, who was made "to be sin for us, that we might become the righteousness of God in Him" (2 Corinthians 5:21). |
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7/29/2015 completed
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Deuteronomy 4:15-5:21 Deuteronomy 4:15-5:21 Skip Heitzig |
Info Message Summary Every person is hardwired to be a worshiper, but we often worship the wrong things or worship God in the wrong way. In Deuteronomy 4-5, Moses transitioned from reviewing the Israelites' past to offering regulations for their present, touching on true worship and God's character before reviewing the Ten Commandments. |
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7/22/2015 completed
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Deuteronomy 4:1-18 Deuteronomy 4:1-18 Skip Heitzig |
Info Message Summary The book of Deuteronomy is basically a series of farewell speeches given by Moses to the next generation of Israelites. In the first section of chapter 4, we see how remembering our past is the key to living in obedience to God as well as passing on our legacy, and we take a look at the difference between the old and new covenant. |
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6/3/2015 completed
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Deuteronomy 2-3 Deuteronomy 2-3 Skip Heitzig |
Info Message Summary In Deuteronomy 2-3, Moses continued to recount the Israelites' journey through the wilderness to the next generation so they would remember the Lord's promises and faithfulness. As we look at some of the insurmountable odds the Israelites faced, we're reminded that we don't fight for victory, but from victory. |
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5/13/2015 completed
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Deuteronomy 1 Deuteronomy 1 Skip Heitzig |
Info Message Summary As we kick off our series in Deuteronomy, we see how this book is not just a repetition of previous accounts, but a safeguard against God's truths being forgotten or neglected over time. In this first chapter, Moses recapped the four-step journey that led the Israelites to wander in the wilderness for nearly forty years. |
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